The DOI matches its Crossref record; 71 of the 71 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Shotgun proteomics implicates protease inhibition and complement activation in the antiinflammatory properties of HDL
Open accessAbstract
HDL lowers the risk for atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease by promoting cholesterol efflux from macrophage foam cells. However, other antiatherosclerotic properties of HDL are poorly understood. To test the hypothesis that the lipoprotein carries proteins that might have novel cardioprotective activities, we used shotgun proteomics to investigate the composition of HDL isolated from healthy subjects and subjects with coronary artery disease (CAD). Unexpectedly, our analytical strategy identified multiple complement-regulatory proteins and a diverse array of distinct serpins with serine-type endopeptidase inhibitor activity. Many acute-phase response proteins were also detected, supporting the proposal that HDL is of central importance in inflammation. Mass spectrometry and biochemical analyses demonstrated that HDL3 from subjects with CAD was selectively enriched in apoE, raising the possibility that HDL carries a unique cargo of proteins in humans with clinically significant cardiovascular disease. Collectively, our observations suggest that HDL plays previously unsuspected roles in regulating the complement system and protecting tissue from proteolysis and that the protein cargo of HDL contributes to its antiinflammatory and antiatherogenic properties.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
In the citing paper
“Unlike HDL from healthy subjects, HDL from patients with CHD, kidney disease or diabetes mellitus have no protective vascular effects or may even cause paradoxical harmful effects [55, 56, 61, 70, 71, 75, 76].”
From HDL cholesterol: reappraisal of its clinical relevance (2017) · cites this paper as [56]
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
A statistical model for identifying proteins by tandem mass spectrometry.
Nesvizhskii, A., Keller, A., Kolker, E., & Aebersold, R. (2003) · Analytical Chemistry · doi:10.1021/ac0341261 · Cited by 4,902
A Model for Random Sampling and Estimation of Relative Protein Abundance in Shotgun Proteomics
Liu, H., Sadygov, R. G., & Yates, J. R. (2004) · Analytical Chemistry · doi:10.1021/ac0498563 · Cited by 2,534
Direct analysis of protein complexes using mass spectrometry
Link, A. J., Eng, J. K., Schieltz, D. M., Carmack, E., Mize, G. J., Morris, D. R., Garvik, B. M., & Yates, J. R. (1999) · Nature Biotechnology · doi:10.1038/10890 · Cited by 2,218
Identifying biological themes within lists of genes with EASE
Hosack, D. A., Dennis, G., Sherman, B. T., Lane, H. C., & Lempicki, R. A. (2003) · Genome biology · doi:10.1186/gb-2003-4-10-r70 · Cited by 1,961
Deaths: preliminary data for 2003.
Hoyert, D. L., Kung, H.-C., & Smith, B. L. (2005) · PubMed · Cited by 1,649
Effect of Statin Therapy on C-Reactive Protein Levels
Albert, M. A., Danielson, E., Rifai, N., Ridker, P. M., & for the PRINCE Investigators (2001) · JAMA · doi:10.1001/jama.286.1.64 · Cited by 1,644
Self-citationHigh-Density Lipoprotein — The Clinical Implications of Recent Studies
Desforges, J. F., Gordon, D. J., & Rifkind, B. M. (1989) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejm198911093211907 · Cited by 1,547
Cardiovascular Medicine at the Turn of the Millennium: Triumphs, Concerns, and Opportunities
Braunwald, E. (1997) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejm199711063371906 · Cited by 1,426
Antiinflammatory Properties of HDL
Barter, P. J., Nicholls, S., Rye, K.-A., Anantharamaiah, G. M., Navab, M., & Fogelman, A. M. (2004) · Circulation Research · doi:10.1161/01.res.0000146094.59640.13 · Cited by 1,394
Retinol-Binding Protein 4 and Insulin Resistance in Lean, Obese, and Diabetic Subjects
Graham, T. E., Yang, Q., Blüher, M., Hammarstedt, A., Ciaraldi, T. P., Henry, R. R., Wason, C. J., Oberbach, A., Jansson, P.-A., Smith, U., et al. (2006) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejmoa054862 · Cited by 1,319
Flagged first, then by citations
Research works printed but not linked: 4
- Hoyert, 2005, Natl. Vital Stat. Rep., 53, 1
- Gundry, 2007, J. Clin. Proteomics.
- Davies, 1990, Circulation., 82(Suppl.), II38
- Strunk, 1983, Immunology., 49, 169
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Items 701–800 of 944
Zahid, S., Schlamp, F., Gildea, M. A., Lin, B., Hülsmeier, A. J., Chaloemtoem, A., Falis, M., Parikh, M., Fisher, E. A. A., Hornemann, T., et al. (2025) · Arteriosclerosis Thrombosis and Vascular Biology · doi:10.1161/atvbaha.124.321686 · Cited by 6
Self-citationVerma, N., & Figueredo, V. M. (2012) · American Journal of Therapeutics · doi:10.1097/mjt.0b013e318249a1b5 · Cited by 6
“The proposed mechanisms by which stains increase HDL include increased hepatic synthesis, decreased catabolism of ApoA-I, and reduction in CETP activity.21–23 Raising HDL independently predicts the benefit of statin therapy slowing down the progression of coronary atherosclerosis.23 An open-labeled trial of atorvastat…”
BackgroundInfluentialMolecular Fingerprints of Iron Parameters among a Population-Based Sample
Kaul, A., Masuch, A., Budde, K., Kastenmüller, G., Artati, A., Adamski, J., Völzke, H., Nauck, M. A., Friedrich, N., & Pietzner, M. (2018) · Nutrients · doi:10.3390/nu10111800 · Cited by 6
“Among several acute-phase proteins and complement-regulatory proteins reported in the fraction of small dense HDL particles also transferrin was found [43] which aligns with the report by McPherson [44] and is likely the underlying reason for our observations.”
ResultCalcium-induced environmental adaptability of the blood protein vitronectin
Tian, Y., Shin, K., Aleshin, A. E., Im, W., & Marassi, F. M. (2022) · Biophysical Journal · doi:10.1016/j.bpj.2022.08.044 · Cited by 6
Lubeck, M., Derkum, N. H., Naha, R., Strohm, R., Drießen, M. D., Belgardt, B., Roden, M., Stühler, K., Anand, R., Reichert, A. S., et al. (2023) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0286756 · Cited by 6
Cholesterol ester transfer protein (CETP) and atherosclerosis
Polk, D. M., & Shah, P. K. (2007) · Drug Discovery Today Therapeutic Strategies · doi:10.1016/j.ddstr.2008.02.003 · Cited by 6
Viljoen, A., & Wierzbicki, A. S. (2010) · Drug Healthcare and Patient Safety · doi:10.2147/dhps.s7302 · Cited by 6
Quantitative Proteomics Analysis of High-Density Lipoproteins by Stable 18O-Isotope Labeling
Burillo, E., Vázquez, J., & Jorge, I. (2013) · Methods in molecular biology · doi:10.1007/978-1-62703-405-0_11 · Cited by 6
Quantitative Analysis of Apolipoproteins in Human HDL by Top-Down Differential Mass Spectrometry
Mazur, M. T., & Cardasis, H. L. (2013) · Methods in molecular biology · doi:10.1007/978-1-62703-405-0_10 · Cited by 6
Ikeda, T., Shinohata, R., Murakami, M., Hina, K., Kamikawa, S., Hirohata, S., Kusachi, S., Tamura, A., & Usui, S. (2016) · Clinica Chimica Acta · doi:10.1016/j.cca.2016.12.016 · Cited by 6
Arias‐Rico, J., Sandoval, M. I. C., Sandoval-Gallegos, E. M., Ramírez‐Moreno, E., Cortés, T. L. F., Ordaz, J. J., Contreras‐López, E., & Añorve‐Morga, J. (2018) · Journal of Food Quality · doi:10.1155/2018/9620104 · Cited by 6
Whyte, M. (2019) · JRSM Cardiovascular Disease · doi:10.1177/2048004019869736 · Cited by 6
“Once a critical, clinically relevant, function of HDL is identified, the question arises as to what component of the HDL molecule drives this functional benefit and whether it may itself be measured? Proteomic techniques have shown that over 80 proteins exist on the HDL molecule.(8) Examples of candidate proteins that…”
BackgroundLytle, J. R., Price, T. R., Crouse, S. F., Smith, D. R., Walzem, R. L., & Smith, S. B. (2023) · Nutrients · doi:10.3390/nu15020337 · Cited by 6
“Increased amounts of sphingosine-1-P (S1P) and Apo-A1 in HDL3 are associated with a robust ability to stabilize LDL against oxidation and attenuate apoptosis in endothelial cells [26].”
BackgroundManufacturing and shelf stability of reconstituted high-density lipoprotein for infusion therapy
Kim, J.-S., Kang, Y., Son, K.-H., Choi, S.-M., & Kim, K.-Y. (2011) · Biotechnology and Bioprocess Engineering · doi:10.1007/s12257-010-0421-4 · Cited by 6
Gómez‐Abril, S. Á., Morillas, C., Ponce-Marco, J. L., Torres‐Sánchez, T., Gomis, F. D., Hernández‐Mijares, A., & Rocha, M. (2016) · Obesity Surgery · doi:10.1007/s11695-016-2195-z · Cited by 7
“Patients with prevalent coronary heart disease were shown to exhibit higher plasma levels of C3c independently of obesity or inflammatory markers when they were heavy smokers [42], and their HDL particles were found to be enriched in C3c [43], suggesting that the complement system influences the anti-inflammatory prop…”
BackgroundThe Kinetics and Remodeling of HDL Particles: Lessons from Inborn Errors of Lipid Metabolism
Asztalos, B. F., & Brunzell, J. D. (2010) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-1-4419-1059-2_4 · Cited by 6
“At least 49 proteins have been identified in HDL by mass spectrometry, some related to lipid metabolism, some related to complement regulation, some related to acutephase response, and a few that are proteinase inhibitors [ 7 ].”
BackgroundSelf-citationRecent advances and clinical insights into the use of proteomics in the study of atherosclerosis
Mouriño-Álvarez, L., Martin, M. B., Rincón, R., Martín-Rojas, T., Corbacho-Alonso, N., Sastre-Oliva, T., & Barderas, M. G. (2017) · Expert Review of Proteomics · doi:10.1080/14789450.2017.1353912 · Cited by 7
“risk of CV disease is inversely proportional to HDL and apoA-I levels [30].”
BackgroundMethodIntervening on HDL-C: Is it possible? Does it work?*
Wierzbicki, A. S. (2007) · International Journal of Clinical Practice · doi:10.1111/j.1742-1241.2007.01570.x · Cited by 6
The expanding role of complement in adipose tissue metabolism and lipoprotein function
van Greevenbroek, M. M. J. (2009) · Current Opinion in Lipidology · doi:10.1097/mol.0b013e32832dd534 · Cited by 6
Yanagi, Y., Yu, R. M. C., Shihabuddeen, W. A., Yu, M., Teo, K. Y. C., Tan, A. C. S., Cheng, C., Wong, T. Y., Apte, R. S., & Cheung, C. M. G. (2022) · Ophthalmology Science · doi:10.1016/j.xops.2022.100142 · Cited by 5
Li, B., Xu, Y., He, Q., Yin, Q., Wu, M., Zhu, H., & Cao, Y. (2025) · Frontiers in Cardiovascular Medicine · doi:10.3389/fcvm.2025.1560022 · Cited by 5
Novel Aspects of Nonfasting Lipemia in relation to Vascular Biology
Cabezas, M. C., Botham, K. M., Mamo, J. C. L., & Proctor, S. D. (2012) · International Journal of Vascular Medicine · doi:10.1155/2012/419015 · Cited by 5
Oda, M. N., Budamagunta, M. S., Geier, E. G., Chandradas, S. H., Shao, B., Heinecke, J. W., Voss, J. C., & Cavigiolio, G. (2013) · Biochemistry · doi:10.1021/bi4007012 · Cited by 5
Self-citationTanaka, S., de Tymowski, C., Tran‐Dinh, A., Meilhac, O., Lortat‐Jacob, B., Zappella, N., Jean‐Baptiste, S., Robert, T., Goletto, T., Godet, C., et al. (2023) · Transplant International · doi:10.3389/ti.2023.10841 · Cited by 5
Price, T. R., Emfinger, C. H., Schueler, K. L., King, S. M., Nicholson, R. J., Beck, T., Yandell, B. S., Summers, S. A., Holland, W. L., Krauss, R. M., et al. (2023) · Journal of Lipid Research · doi:10.1016/j.jlr.2023.100471 · Cited by 5
Xue, C. C., Teo, K. Y. C., Tham, Y. C., Li, H., Thakur, S., Sabanayagam, C., Fan, Q., Silver, D. L., Wang, X., Cheung, C. M. G., et al. (2024) · iScience · doi:10.1016/j.isci.2024.111344 · Cited by 5
“HDL lipoprotein particles contain various complement components 18,24,25 and this may explain the interactions between these two biological systems.”
Patel, J. V., Chackathayil, J., Gammon, B., Tracey, I., Lovick, A., Gill, P. S., Banerjee, A., Scarff, C. A., Scrivens, J. H., Lip, G. Y. H., et al. (2012) · Atherosclerosis · doi:10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2012.09.017 · Cited by 5
“[9] Vaisar T, Pennathur S, Green PS, et al.”
BackgroundLiu, Y., Fan, B., Yang, K., & Zhu, H. (2011) · Chemistry and Physics of Lipids · doi:10.1016/j.chemphyslip.2011.11.010 · Cited by 5
The Complexity of High-Density Lipoproteins
Asztalos, B. F., Tani, M., & Ishida, B. Y. (2013) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-407867-3.00003-2 · Cited by 5
Nv, P. (2017) · Russian Journal of Preventive Medicine · doi:10.17116/profmed201720347-54 · Cited by 5
Toth, P. P. (2010) · Humana Press eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-1-60327-963-5_3 · Cited by 5
Biswas, P., Mukherjee, G., Singh, J., Rastogi, A., & Banerjee, R. (2021) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-981-33-4195-1_14 · Cited by 6
Demir, E., Vural, G., Eren, F. K., Neşeli̇oğlu, S., & EREL, Ö. (2022) · TURKISH JOURNAL OF MEDICAL SCIENCES · doi:10.55730/1300-0144.5539 · Cited by 5
“High-density lipoproteins (HDLs) are complex particles containing multiple proteins that have been reported to be modified under pathological conditions [6-9].”
Toth, P. P. (2007) · Humana Press eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-1-59745-533-6_9 · Cited by 5
High-Density Lipoprotein Metabolism
Brewer, H. B. (2010) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-1-4419-5839-6_5 · Cited by 5
Plasma Cholesteryl Ester Transfer Protein (CETP) in Relation to Human Pathophysiology
Inazu, A. (2010) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-382171-3.10003-8 · Cited by 6
Maranhão, R. C., Filho, A. C. M., Sigal, G. A., Chagas, A. C. P., & da Luz, P. L. (2018) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-812348-5.00022-2 · Cited by 5
Nicholls, S. J. (2011) · Current Cardiology Reports · doi:10.1007/s11886-011-0223-0 · Cited by 5
von Eckardstein, A. (2008) · Drug Discovery Today Disease Mechanisms · doi:10.1016/j.ddmec.2008.10.004 · Cited by 5
“In a recent shotgun proteomic approach more than 50 different HDL-associated proteins have been identified which include apolipoproteins in the proper sense, such as apoA-I and apoA-II, lipocalins such as apoD and apoM, lipid-transfer proteins and lipid-modifying enzymes, serpins and complement regulatory proteins [ 1…”
BackgroundLipoproteins and Calcific Aortic Valve Disease: Hardening Evidence?
O’Brien, K. D. (2022) · Arteriosclerosis Thrombosis and Vascular Biology · doi:10.1161/atvbaha.122.318310 · Cited by 5
ABCA1-Mediated Structural Diversity of HDL Subspecies and Their Proposed Roles in Cardioprotection
Heinecke, J. W., Segrest, J. P., Phillips, M. C., & Davidson, W. S. (2026) · Arteriosclerosis Thrombosis and Vascular Biology · doi:10.1161/atvbaha.125.318266 · Cited by 4
Self-citationYang, L., Xu, Z., Wang, Z., Ding, F., Wu, Z., Shi, X., Wang, J., Ma, Y., & Jin, J. (2025) · Journal of Translational Medicine · doi:10.1186/s12967-025-06100-6 · Cited by 4
Colesterol HDL bajo o hipofunción HDL
Civeira, F., & Burillo, E. (2012) · Medicina Clínica · doi:10.1016/j.medcli.2012.01.006 · Cited by 4
Update of HDL in atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease
Schoch, L., Alcover, S., Padró, T., Ben‐Aicha, S., Mendieta, G., Badimón, L., & Vilahur, G. (2023) · Clínica e Investigación en Arteriosclerosis (English Edition) · doi:10.1016/j.artere.2023.11.001 · Cited by 4
High Density Lipoprotein Particles
Asztalos, B. F. (2010) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-1-4419-1059-2_3 · Cited by 4
“This figure also indicates that the distribution of other lipoproteins in the apoA-I-containing HDL particles are unique and vary widely between subjects [20, 21 ].”
BackgroundIsotopic Tracers for the Measurement of Metabolic Flux Rates
Beysen, C., Hellerstein, M. K., & Turner, S. (2014) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-1-4471-4920-0_3 · Cited by 4
Proteomic analysis of plasma after branched chain enriched mixture supplementation in mice
Brocca, L., Mascaro, A., & D’Antona, G. (2013) · Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition · doi:10.1186/1550-2783-10-19 · Cited by 4
“Indeed the observed decrease in Alpha-1-antitrypsin (A1AT) a serine proteases inhibitor related to acute phase response [28] is probably a sign of the improvement in HDL protective capabilities sustained by BCAAem supplementation.”
BackgroundLibby, P. (2012) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-1-4377-2930-6.00008-2 · Cited by 4
LpA-II:B:C:D:E: a new immunochemically-defined acute phase lipoprotein in humans
Bagdade, J. D., Jilma, B., Hudgins, L. C., Alaupovic, P., & McCurdy, C. E. (2018) · Lipids in Health and Disease · doi:10.1186/s12944-018-0769-6 · Cited by 4
“In light of heightened awareness of the proinflammatory properties of apoC-III and the key role that it and other HDLassociated proteins having immunomodulatory properties (A-IV, C-III, C-IV, L-I, M, F, H, J [clusterin]) play in host defense, their distribution among the HDL subclasses and fate during the APR require…”
BackgroundLipoproteins: Mechanisms for Atherogenesis and Progression of Atherothrombotic Disease
Libby, P. (2009) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-141605469-6.50009-3 · Cited by 4
Quality over Quantity: A Case Based Review of HDL Function and Dysfunction
Suleiman, S., Coughlan, J. J., & Vincent, M.-H. (2020) · International Journal of Clinical Cardiology · doi:10.23937/2378-2951/1410176 · Cited by 3
“Some authors have proposed that levels of nitro- and chloro-tyrosine in ApoA1 may serve trials have failed to demonstrate a therapeutic benefit from HDL raising therapies [3-5].”
BackgroundFunctional diversity of high-density lipoproteins: finding the golden mean
Metelskaya, V. A. (2021) · Ateroscleroz · doi:10.52727/2078-256x-2021-17-2-61-71 · Cited by 4
Prospective Analysis of Lipid Variations in Hyperthyroid Subjects from Lahore, Pakistan
Iqbal, M. A., Ahmad, S., Mumtaz, T., Naseem, Z., Malik, J., Ahmad, H., & Roohi, N. (2021) · BioMed Research International · doi:10.1155/2021/9936782 · Cited by 7
“High-density lipoprotein particles are heterogeneous in their chemistry [14, 15] as more than 48 HDL-associated proteins are discovered, out of which 22 are linked with cholesterol and lipoprotein metabolism, while 23 are linked with acute phase reactant and the remaining 3 are involved in the complement activation [1…”
BackgroundSouza, D. R., da Silva, A. R. M., & Ronsein, G. E. (2023) · Journal of Lipid Research · doi:10.1016/j.jlr.2023.100397 · Cited by 4
“org/lic proteomic study (4), HDL protein remodeling has been linked to cardiovascular outcomes.”
BackgroundWhite, C. R., Anantharamaiah, G. M., & Datta, G. (2010) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-382171-3.10009-9 · Cited by 4
Gordon, S. M. (2013) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-407867-3.00012-3 · Cited by 4
Pharmacogenomic application of the haptoglobin genotype in the treatment of HDL dysfunction
Levy, A. (2009) · Pharmacogenomics and Personalized Medicine · doi:10.2147/pgpm.s4608 · Cited by 4
Oxidized high-density lipoprotein reduces blood clot firmness
Talens, S., Malfliet, J. J. M. C., Leebeek, F. W. G., & Rijken, D. C. (2013) · Journal of Thrombosis and Haemostasis · doi:10.1111/jth.12125 · Cited by 4
High-density lipoproteins delivering interleukin-15
Ochoa, M. C., Melero, I., & Berraondo, P. (2013) · OncoImmunology · doi:10.4161/onci.23410 · Cited by 4
“We have recently shown that the pharmacokinetic properties of HDLs can be conferred to therapeutic proteins by fusing them with apolipoprotein A-I, the most abundant HDL lipoprotein.(2) Cytokines stand out among the therapeutic proteins that can benefit from this approach.”
BackgroundLipoproteins as biosensors of endothelial oxidative status
Farkas-Epperson, M., & Le, N. (2012) · Clinical Lipidology · doi:10.2217/clp.11.72 · Cited by 6
Paraoxonase-1 and its Interactions with HDL
Rochu, D., Chabrière, É., & Masson, P. (2010) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-382171-3.10006-3 · Cited by 4
High-density lipoprotein: Quality versus quantity in type 2 diabetes mellitus
Bitla, A. R. R., Naresh, S., & Sachan, A. (2019) · The Journal of Clinical and Scientific Research · doi:10.4103/jcsr.jcsr_108_19 · Cited by 4
“[34] Activation of GPX4 has been identified as an important anti‐inflammatory target.[35]”
BackgroundChuo, P. H., Uzar, F., Abdul‐Rahman, P. S., Abdullah, N., & Aminudin, N. (2020) · Sains Malaysiana · doi:10.17576/jsm-2020-4905-10 · Cited by 4
“C3 isolated from hypercholesterolemic subjects were apparently enriched in HDL and related to innate immunity as well as HDL ’s cardioprotective effect (Vaisar et al. 2007).”
Shao, B., Snell‐Bergeon, J. K., de Boer, I. H., Davidson, W. S., Bornfeldt, K., & Heinecke, J. W. (2025) · Journal of Lipid Research · doi:10.1016/j.jlr.2025.100741 · Cited by 3
Self-citationEmerging Therapies for Residual Risk
Mehra, S., Movahed, H., & Movahed, A. (2012) · Reviews in Cardiovascular Medicine · doi:10.3909/ricm0583 · Cited by 3
Burillo, E., Jorge, I., Martínez-López, D., Camafeita, E., Vázquez, J., & Martı́n-Ventura, J. L. (2017) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-812513-7.00011-2 · Cited by 3
Mobilia, M., Karakashian, A., Neupane, K. R., Hage, O., Whitus, C. M., Carter, A., Voy, C., Johnson, L. A., Graf, G. A., & Gordon, S. M. (2024) · Atherosclerosis · doi:10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2024.118544 · Cited by 3
Mohsen, Y., Twitto‐Greenberg, R., Cohen, A., Leichner, G. S., Mahler, L., Cohen, H., Kamari, Y., Shaish, A., Harari, A., Leikin-Frenkel, A. I., et al. (2025) · Cancer & Metabolism · doi:10.1186/s40170-025-00390-6 · Cited by 3
“LDL was isolated using either ultracentrifugation (UC), fast protein liquid chromatography (FPLC), or a combination of short (2 h) UC followed by FPLC as previously described [8, 9, 18, 19].”
Vaisar, T., & Ronsein, G. E. (2025) · Expert Review of Proteomics · doi:10.1080/14789450.2025.2534397 · Cited by 3
“HDL was shown to have the richest proteome of all lipoprotein classes [14], and a multitude of factors including diseases (e.g. CVD, inflammation, and diabetes), medications, and lifestyle (diet, exercise) can alter it.”
Self-citationProteomics-Based Disease Biomarkers
Misek, D. E., Kondo, T., & Duncan, M. W. (2011) · International Journal of Proteomics · doi:10.1155/2011/894618 · Cited by 3
Maafi, F., Li, B., Gebhard, C., Brodeur, M. R., Nachar, W., Villeneuve, L. R., Lesage, F., Rhainds, D., Rhéaume, É., & Tardif, J. (2017) · Atherosclerosis · doi:10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2017.01.026 · Cited by 3
Novel Associations between Related Proteins and Cellular Effects of High-Density Lipoprotein
Choi, S., Park, Y. E., Cheon, E. J., Kim, K. Y., Kim, M., Ann, S.-J., Noh, H.-M., Lee, J., Lee, C. J., Lee, S., et al. (2019) · Korean Circulation Journal · doi:10.4070/kcj.2019.0195 · Cited by 3
Quantitative glycoproteomics of high-density lipoproteins
Tang, X., Wong, M., Tena, J., Zhu, C., Rhodes, C., Zhou, Q., Vinjamuri, A., Oloumi, A., Boddu, S., Luxardi, G., et al. (2022) · RSC Advances · doi:10.1039/d2ra02294j · Cited by 3
Obstructive sleep apnea syndrome attenuated high-density lipoprotein function
Endo, Y., Teramoto, M., Arakawa, J., Ukita, S., Toshima, G., Suenaga, Y., Sasaki, K., Ayaori, M., Nakayama, H., Inoue, Y., et al. (2024) · Journal of clinical lipidology · doi:10.1016/j.jacl.2024.05.008 · Cited by 3
Nusinovici, S., Zhou, L., Lavanya, R., Tham, Y. C., Li, H., Cheung, D., Wang, X., Cheung, C. M. G., Wong, T. Y., Chakravarthy, U., et al. (2024) · Ophthalmology Science · doi:10.1016/j.xops.2024.100629 · Cited by 3
“15,16 For example, it has been shown that CFH levels could be greatly increased in large HDL and may explain the ability of HDL to prevent the organization of complement membrane attack complex and to suppress in fl ammation.”
A two-step homogeneous assay for apolipoprotein E-containing high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol
Takahashi, Y., Ito, Y., Sakurai, T., Wada, N., Nagasaka, A., Fujikawa, M., Chiba, H., & Hui, S. (2018) · Annals of Clinical Biochemistry International Journal of Laboratory Medicine · doi:10.1177/0004563218795212 · Cited by 3
“HDL contains approximately 100 protein species, including apolipoprotein A-I, A-II, Cs and E.(8) As shown in apolipoprotein E (apoE)-knockout mice, apoE is associated with antiatherogenicity.”
The way of self-defence of the organism: inflammation
Jakab, L. (2013) · Orvosi Hetilap · doi:10.1556/oh.2013.29670 · Cited by 6
Immunoprecipitation of apolipoprotein B-containing lipoproteins for isolation of HDL particles
Contois, J. H., Albert, A. L., & Nguyen, R.-A. (2014) · Clinica Chimica Acta · doi:10.1016/j.cca.2014.06.017 · Cited by 3
Changing paradigm in HDL metabolism and cellular effects
van Wijk, D. F., Stroes, E. S. G., & Monajemi, H. (2009) · Clinical Lipidology · doi:10.2217/17584299.4.1.17 · Cited by 3
Effects of pitavastatin on HDL metabolism
Kishida, K., Funahashi, T., & Shimomura, I. (2013) · Clinical Lipidology · doi:10.2217/clp.12.87 · Cited by 3
Antwi-Baffour, S. S., Kyeremeh, R., Adjei, J. K., Aryeh, C., & Kpentey, G. (2016) · Autoimmunity Highlights · doi:10.1007/s13317-016-0078-x · Cited by 4
Identifying new Risk Markers and Potential Targets: The Value of the Proteome
Kontush, A. (2016) · Cardiovascular Drugs and Therapy · doi:10.1007/s10557-016-6656-3 · Cited by 3
High-Density Lipoprotein Metabolism
Brewer, H. B. (2009) · Clinical Lipidology · doi:10.1016/b978-141605469-6.50008-1 · Cited by 3
High-Density Lipoprotein Metabolism
Brewer, H. B. (2015) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-323-28786-9.00004-9 · Cited by 3
Segrest, J. P. (2015) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-319-17350-4_1 · Cited by 3
Darabi, M., Zakiev, E., & Kontush, A. (2020) · Contemporary cardiology · doi:10.1007/978-3-030-56514-5_18 · Cited by 3
Nilsson, P., Viljoen, A., & Wierzbicki, A. (2010) · doi:10.1002/9781444324808.ch40 · Cited by 1
High-Density Lipoprotein and Residual Cardiovascular Risk
Genest, J. J. (2013) · Journal of the American College of Cardiology · doi:10.1016/j.jacc.2013.05.087 · Cited by 3
“Furthermore, the protein composition of HDL, once thought to be relatively simple, has shown remarkable biological diversity (20); there are nearly 80 proteins identified in the HDL fraction, and the HDL proteome is altered in inflammatory states, such as acute coronary syndromes (21).”
BackgroundRodríguez‐Carrio, J., Alpéri, M., López, P., Pérez-Álvarez, Á. I., Robinson, G., Alonso-Castro, S., Amigó, N., Atzeni, F., & Suárez, A. (2022) · medRxiv · doi:10.1101/2022.08.12.22278696 · Cited by 3
Song, S., Wu, H., Liu, Y., Lan, D., Jiao, B., Wan, S., Guo, Y., Zhou, D., Ding, Y., Ji, X., et al. (2023) · Chinese Medical Journal · doi:10.1097/cm9.0000000000002572 · Cited by 2
“Recent proteomic analyses revealed more than 50 unique bona fide protein components in HDL.[31-33] Moreover, many of these protein components have reportedly no known role in inter- or intracellular lipid mobilization, rather involved in diverse cellular processes like innate immunity, protease inhibition, platelet fu…”
BackgroundInfluentialMeng, L., Jin, W., Ye, K., Yan, Y., Ding, C., & LI, K. S. (2026) · Microchemical Journal · doi:10.1016/j.microc.2026.117098 · Cited by 2
High density lipoproteins and kidney function: the friend turned foe?
Badimón, L., Vilahur, G., & Cubedo, J. (2016) · Journal of Thoracic Disease · doi:10.21037/jtd.2016.11.66 · Cited by 2
Low plasma apolipoprotein E-rich high-density lipoprotein levels in patients with metabolic syndrome
Shinohata, R., Shiga, Y., Miura, S.-I., Hirohata, S., Shibakura, M., Ueno-Iio, T., Watanabe, S., Arao, Y., & Usui, S. (2020) · Clinica Chimica Acta · doi:10.1016/j.cca.2020.08.020 · Cited by 2
Maravi, J. S. M., Leszczynski, E. C., Schwartz, C. S., Dev, P. K., Barber, J. L., Reasons, R. J., Pearce, R. W., McPhaul, M. J., Konrad, R. J., Robbins, J., et al. (2024) · Atherosclerosis · doi:10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2024.117587 · Cited by 2
Wen, J., & Zhang, Z. (2024) · BMC Infectious Diseases · doi:10.1186/s12879-024-10125-5 · Cited by 2
Evaluación de la heterogeneidad y función de HDL por el laboratorio
Movva, R., & Rader, D. J. (2009) · Redalyc (Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México) · Cited by 2
The neutral protease chymase degrades apolipoprotein E from high-density lipoproteins
Lee‐Rueckert, M., von Eckardstein, A., & Kovanen, P. T. (2008) · Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine (CCLM) · doi:10.1515/cclm.2008.072 · Cited by 2
“As HDL particles in human atherosclerotic lesions are enriched in apoE (15), we conclude that extracellular proteolysis of apoE-containing HDL is a novel inhibitory principle that may interfere with the initiation of reverse cholesterol transport in the atherosclerotic arterial intima.”
BackgroundHigh-Density Lipoprotein: Is the Good Cholesterol Turning Bad?
Inankur, A., Nicholls, S. J., & Jahangiri, A. (2010) · Current Cardiovascular Risk Reports · doi:10.1007/s12170-010-0143-3 · Cited by 2
“In addition to its protective protein components (apoA-I, apoJ, PON-1, and PON-3), HDL also contains numerous other proteins such as the complement family, endopeptidase inhibitors, and pro-inflammatory molecules (SAA) [53].”
BackgroundZhao, X.-Q., & Kerwin, W. S. (2012) · Clinical Lipidology · doi:10.2217/clp.12.33 · Cited by 2
Self-citationDuong, M., & Nicholls, S. J. (2009) · Expert Opinion on Drug Discovery · doi:10.1517/17460440903008510 · Cited by 2
“Using a shotgun proteomic approach, it was recently reported that > 40 different proteins regulating a range of inflammatory and thrombotic cascades, in addition to roles in cholesterol homeostasis, were found within the plasma density fraction containing HDL [44].”
Background
Metadata
- Authors
- Vaisar, T., Pennathur, S., Green, P. S., Gharib, S. A., Hoofnagle, A. N., Cheung, M. C., Byun, J., Vuletic, S., Kassim, S., Singh, P., Chea, H., Knopp, R. H., Brunzell, J., Geary, R., Chait, A., Zhao, X.-Q., Elkon, K., Marcovina, S., Ridker, P., Oram, J. F., & Heinecke, J. W.
- Affiliations
- University of Washington (US)
- Wake Forest University (US)
- Harvard University (US)
- Corresponding author
- Heinecke, Jay W.
- ORCID
- Venue
- Journal of Clinical Investigation
- Published
- 2007-03-01
- Volume
- 117
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 746-756
- ISSN
- 0021-9738 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC1804352
- OpenAlex
- W2083315579
- Cited by
- 942
- References
- 70
- Citations by year
- 2026: 16 · 2025: 20 · 2024: 19 · 2023: 25 · 2022: 36 · 2021: 28 · 2020: 35 · 2019: 36 · 2018: 45 · 2017: 31 · 2016: 51 · 2015: 69 · 2014: 58 · 2013: 81 · 2012: 79
- FWCI
- 79.98
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- Journal of Clinical Investigation (publishedVersion)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- University of Washington (P30ES07033)
- National Institutes of Health (P30ES07033, DK017047)
- National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (HL086798, P01HL030086, HL-078527, K08HL074223, HL-57557, HL074223, R01HL086798, R01HL057557, R01HL078527)
- National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (DK017047, DK 02456, P01DK002456, P30DK017047)
- National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (P30 ES-07033, P30ES007033)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Biochemistry › Cholesterol and Lipid Metabolism
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine › Lipoproteins and Cardiovascular Health
- Life Sciences › Immunology and Microbiology › Immunology › Atherosclerosis and Cardiovascular Diseases
- Keywords
- HDL cholesterol, HDL proteome, complement regulation, serpins, protease inhibition, anti-inflammatory activity, coronary artery disease, HDL3, apolipoprotein E, acute phase proteins, atherosclerosis, cardiovascular disease
- MeSH terms
- Amino Acid Sequence, Chromatography, Liquid, Complement Activation, Coronary Artery Disease, Humans, Inflammation, Lipoproteins, HDL, Microscopy, Electron, Scanning, Molecular Sequence Data, Peptide Hydrolases, Mass Spectrometry, Proteomics, Lipid Metabolism
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
