Discovery of common human genetic variants of GTP cyclohydrolase 1 (GCH1) governing nitric oxide, autonomic activity, and cardiovascular risk
Open accessAbstract
GTP cyclohydrolase 1 (GCH1) is rate limiting in the provision of the cofactor tetrahydrobiopterin for biosynthesis of catecholamines and NO. We asked whether common genetic variation at GCH1 alters transmitter synthesis and predisposes to disease. Here we undertook a systematic search for polymorphisms in GCH1, then tested variants' contributions to NO and catecholamine release as well as autonomic function in twin pairs. Renal NO and neopterin excretions were significantly heritable, as were baroreceptor coupling (heart rate response to BP fluctuation) and pulse interval (1/heart rate). Common GCH1 variant C+243T in the 3'-untranslated region (3'-UTRs) predicted NO excretion, as well as autonomic traits: baroreceptor coupling, maximum pulse interval, and pulse interval variability, though not catecholamine secretion. In individuals with the most extreme BP values in the population, C+243T affected both diastolic and systolic BP, principally in females. In functional studies, C+243T decreased reporter expression in transfected 3'-UTRs plasmids. We conclude that human NO secretion traits are heritable, displaying joint genetic determination with autonomic activity by functional polymorphism at GCH1. Our results document novel pathophysiological links between a key biosynthetic locus and NO metabolism and suggest new strategies for approaching the mechanism, diagnosis, and treatment of risk predictors for cardiovascular diseases such as hypertension.
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HOCl decreases eNOS activity and NO bioavailability by a number of direct and indirect mechanisms, disrupting protective NO signaling.
“Hypochlorous acid decreases eNOS activity and NO bioavailability by a number of direct and indirect mechanisms, disrupting protective NO signaling (2, 464, 1054).”
From Sources of Vascular Nitric Oxide and Reactive Oxygen Species and Their Regulation (2019) · cites this paper as [1054]
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- Authors
- Zhang, L., Rao, F., Zhang, K., Khandrika, S., Das, M., Vaingankar, S. M., Bao, X., Rana, B. K., Smith, D. W., Wessel, J., Salem, R. M., Rodriguez-Flores, J. L., Mahata, S. K., Schork, N. J., Ziegler, M. G., & O’Connor, D. T.
- Affiliations
- UC San Diego Health System (US)
- University of California San Diego (US)
- United States Department of Veterans Affairs (US)
- ORCID
- Venue
- Journal of Clinical Investigation
- Published
- 2007-09-04
- Volume
- 117
- Issue
- 9
- Pages
- 2658-2671
- ISSN
- 0021-9738 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC1950457
- OpenAlex
- W2043487230
- Cited by
- 90
- References
- 59
- Citations by year
- 2025: 2 · 2024: 3 · 2023: 1 · 2022: 5 · 2021: 1 · 2020: 4 · 2019: 2 · 2018: 6 · 2017: 2 · 2016: 3 · 2015: 2 · 2014: 6 · 2013: 8 · 2012: 6
- FWCI
- 5.35
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- Journal of Clinical Investigation (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs
- Deutsches Krebsforschungszentrum
- National Institutes of Health (RR00827)
- National Center for Research Resources (RR00827, M01RR000827)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Genetics › Genetic Associations and Epidemiology
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine › Heart Rate Variability and Autonomic Control
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine › Blood Pressure and Hypertension Studies
- Keywords
- GTP cyclohydrolase I, nitric oxide, tetrahydrobiopterin, catecholamine synthesis, 3' untranslated region polymorphism, autonomic function, pulse interval, heritability, neopterin, blood pressure, hypertension, cardiovascular risk, twin pairs
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Animals, Cardiovascular Diseases, Female, Genotype, GTP Cyclohydrolase, Haplotypes, Humans, Hypertension, Male, Middle Aged, Nitric Oxide, Phenotype, Phylogeny, Polymorphism, Genetic, RNA, Twins, Genome, Human, Genetic Predisposition to Disease
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