Cited by 147Cancer, Hypoxia, and MetabolismMechanisms of cancer metastasisMelanoma and MAPK Pathways

HIF1α and HIF2α independently activate SRC to promote melanoma metastases

Open access
Hanna, Sara C., Krishnan, Bhavani, Bailey, Sean T., Moschos, Stergios J., Kuan, Pei-Fen, Shimamura, Takeshi, Osborne, Lukas D., Siegel, Marni B. +7 more·2013·Journal of Clinical Investigation

Abstract

Malignant melanoma is characterized by a propensity for early lymphatic and hematogenous spread. The hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF) family of transcription factors is upregulated in melanoma by key oncogenic drivers. HIFs promote the activation of genes involved in cancer initiation, progression, and metastases. Hypoxia has been shown to enhance the invasiveness and metastatic potential of tumor cells by regulating the genes involved in the breakdown of the ECM as well as genes that control motility and adhesion of tumor cells. Using a Pten-deficient, Braf-mutant genetically engineered mouse model of melanoma, we demonstrated that inactivation of HIF1α or HIF2α abrogates metastasis without affecting primary tumor formation. HIF1α and HIF2α drive melanoma invasion and invadopodia formation through PDGFRα and focal adhesion kinase-mediated (FAK-mediated) activation of SRC and by coordinating ECM degradation via MT1-MMP and MMP2 expression. These results establish the importance of HIFs in melanoma progression and demonstrate that HIF1α and HIF2α activate independent transcriptional programs that promote metastasis by coordinately regulating cell invasion and ECM remodeling.

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

A few free checks a day · papers already verified open instantly · results are public

Integrity signals

Registry

Crossref · 10.1172/jci66715

Cites

41 of 41 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

Statistics

Claims the paper makes

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

A few free checks a day · papers already verified open instantly · results are public

Claims other papers make about this one

Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?

  • Inactivation of HIF decreases the metastatic potential of tumor cells.

    “whereas inactivation of HIF decreases the metastatic potential of tumor cells”

    From Hypoxic control of metastasis (2016) · cites this paper as [47]

Self-check

Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.

The self-check needs the paper’s full text.

Cites

Flagged first, then by citations

Cited by

Sorted by citations

Authors
Hanna, S. C., Krishnan, B., Bailey, S. T., Moschos, S. J., Kuan, P.-F., Shimamura, T., Osborne, L. D., Siegel, M. B., Duncan, L. M., O’Brien, E. T., Superfine, R., Miller, C. R., Simon, M. C., Wong, K.-K., & Kim, W. Y.
Affiliations
  • University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill (US)
  • Loyola University Chicago (US)
  • Harvard University (US)
  • University of Pennsylvania (US)
Corresponding author
Kim, William Y.
Venue
Journal of Clinical Investigation
Published
2013-04-08
Volume
123
Issue
5
Pages
2078-2093
ISSN
0021-9738 (ISSN-L)
OpenAlex
W2085551560
Cited by
147
References
41
Citations by year
2026: 3 · 2025: 8 · 2024: 5 · 2023: 4 · 2022: 6 · 2021: 11 · 2020: 16 · 2019: 13 · 2018: 11 · 2017: 16 · 2016: 13 · 2015: 15 · 2014: 21 · 2013: 5
FWCI
6.32
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Locations
  • Journal of Clinical Investigation (publishedVersion)
  • Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • Carolina Digital Repository (University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill) (submittedVersion)
  • UNC Libraries
Funders
  • U.S. Department of Defense (W81XWH, W81XWH0920042)
  • Damon Runyon Cancer Research Foundation
  • Melanoma Research Foundation
  • Melanoma Research Alliance
  • National Institutes of Health (5u54ca151652-05, NIH-R01, W81XWH)
  • National Cancer Institute (R01CA166480, U54‐CA151652, CA120964, CA163896, CA141576, R01CA122794, R01CA140594, CA 140594, R33CA155618, CA 122794, R01CA142794, P01CA154303, R01CA163896, P50CA093683, P01CA120964, P30CA016086, U01CA141576, CA 166480)
  • National Institute of General Medical Sciences (T32GM007092)
  • National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (P30DK034987)
  • National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (P30ES010126)
  • Center for Gastrointestinal Biology and Disease, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
Topics
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Cancer Research › Cancer, Hypoxia, and Metabolism
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Mechanisms of cancer metastasis
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Melanoma and MAPK Pathways
Keywords
HIF-1α, HIF-2α, melanoma metastasis, Src kinase, hypoxia-inducible factor, tumor invasion, invadopodia, PDGFRA, focal adhesion kinase, extracellular matrix remodeling, MT1-MMP, MMP-2, tumor cell motility
MeSH terms
Endothelial PAS Domain-Containing Protein 1, Animals, Hypoxia, Extracellular Matrix, Humans, Melanoma, Microscopy, Fluorescence, Mutation, Neoplasm Metastasis, Oncogenes, Skin Neoplasms, Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic, RNA, Small Interfering, Cell Line, Tumor, Proto-Oncogene Proteins B-raf, PTEN Phosphohydrolase, Mice, Focal Adhesion Protein-Tyrosine Kinases, Basic Helix-Loop-Helix Proteins, Hypoxia-Inducible Factor 1, alpha Subunit

About these checks

Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.

Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.

What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›

Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review