The DOI matches its Crossref record; 29 of the 29 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Effects of Black Carbon Aerosols on the Indian Monsoon
Open accessAbstract
A six-member ensemble of twentieth-century simulations with changes to only time-evolving global distributions of black carbon aerosols in a global coupled climate model is analyzed to study the effects of black carbon (BC) aerosols on the Indian monsoon. The BC aerosols act to increase lower-tropospheric heating over South Asia and reduce the amount of solar radiation reaching the surface during the dry season, as noted in previous studies. The increased meridional tropospheric temperature gradient in the premonsoon months of March–April–May (MAM), particularly between the elevated heat source of the Tibetan Plateau and areas to the south, contributes to enhanced precipitation over India in those months. With the onset of the monsoon, the reduced surface temperatures in the Bay of Bengal, Arabian Sea, and over India that extend to the Himalayas act to reduce monsoon rainfall over India itself, with some small increases over the Tibetan Plateau. Precipitation over China generally decreases due to the BC aerosol effects. There is a weakened latitudinal SST gradient resulting from BC aerosols in the model simulations as seen in the observations, and this is present in the multiple-forcings experiments with the Community Climate System Model, version 3 (CCSM3), which includes natural and anthropogenic forcings (including BC aerosols). The BC aerosols and consequent weakened latitudinal SST gradient in those experiments are associated with increased precipitation during MAM in northern India and over the Tibetan Plateau, with some decreased precipitation over southwest India, the Bay of Bengal, Burma, Thailand, and Malaysia, as seen in observations. During the summer monsoon season, the model experiments show that BC aerosols have likely contributed to observed decreasing precipitation trends over parts of India, Bangladesh, Burma, and Thailand. Analysis of single ensemble members from the multiple-forcings experiment suggests that the observed increasing precipitation trends over southern China appear to be associated with natural variability connected to surface temperature changes in the northwest Pacific.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
Rayner, N. A., Parker, D. E., Horton, E. B., Folland, C. K., Alexander, L. V., Rowell, D. P., Kent, E. C., & Kaplan, A. (2003) · Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres · doi:10.1029/2002jd002670 · Cited by 10,991
The Community Climate System Model Version 3 (CCSM3)
Collins, W. D., Bitz, C. M., Blackmon, M. L., Bonan, G. B., Bretherton, C. S., Carton, J. A., Chang, P., Doney, S. C., Hack, J. J., Henderson, T. B., et al. (2006) · Journal of Climate · doi:10.1175/jcli3761.1 · Cited by 2,251
Self-citationClimate Effects of Black Carbon Aerosols in China and India
Menon, S., Hansen, J., Nazarenko, L., & Luo, Y. (2002) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.1075159 · Cited by 2,124
Atmospheric brown clouds: Impacts on South Asian climate and hydrological cycle
Ramanathan, V., Chung, C., Kim, D., Bettge, T., Buja, L., Kiehl, J. T., Washington, W. M., Fu, Q., Sikka, D. R., & Wild, M. (2005) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.0500656102 · Cited by 1,466
Ramanathan, V., Crutzen, P. J., Lelieveld, J., Mitra, A. P., Althausen, D., Anderson, J., Andreae, M. O., Cantrell, W., Cass, G. R., Chung, C. E., et al. (2001) · Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres · doi:10.1029/2001jd900133 · Cited by 1,368
Self-citationReduction of Tropical Cloudiness by Soot
Ackerman, A. S., Toon, O. B., Stevens, D. E., Heymsfield, A. J., Ramanathan, V., & Welton, E. J. (2000) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.288.5468.1042 · Cited by 1,309
Global Land Precipitation: A 50-yr Monthly Analysis Based on Gauge Observations
Chen, M., Xie, P., Janowiak, J. E., & Arkin, P. A. (2002) · Journal of Hydrometeorology · doi:10.1175/1525-7541(2002)003<0249:glpaym>2.0.co;2 · Cited by 1,209
Asian summer monsoon anomalies induced by aerosol direct forcing: the role of the Tibetan Plateau
Lau, K. M., Kim, M. K., & Kim, K. M. (2006) · Climate Dynamics · doi:10.1007/s00382-006-0114-z · Cited by 984
Projections of Future Climate Change
Ulrich Cubasch, B., Meehl, G. A., Boer, G. J., Stouffer, R. J., Dix, M., Noda, A., Senior, C. A., Raper, S., & Yap, K. S. (2001) · Helmholtz-Zentrum für Polar-und Meeresforschung (Alfred-Wegener-Institut) · Cited by 899
Self-citationAn AeroCom initial assessment – optical properties in aerosol component modules of global models
Kinne, S., Schulz, M., Textor, C., Guibert, S., Balkanski, Y., Bauer, S. E., Berntsen, T., Berglen, T. F., Boucher, O., Chin, M., et al. (2006) · Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics · doi:10.5194/acp-6-1815-2006 · Cited by 750
Self-citationSmith, T. M., & Reynolds, R. W. (2005) · Journal of Climate · doi:10.1175/jcli3362.1 · Cited by 325
Weakening of North Indian SST Gradients and the Monsoon Rainfall in India and the Sahel
Chung, C. E., & Ramanathan, V. (2006) · Journal of Climate · doi:10.1175/jcli3820.1 · Cited by 320
Combinations of Natural and Anthropogenic Forcings in Twentieth-Century Climate
Meehl, G. A., Washington, W. M., Ammann, C. M., Arblaster, J. M., Wigley, T. M. L., & Tebaldi, C. (2004) · Journal of Climate · doi:10.1175/1520-0442(2004)017<3721:conaaf>2.0.co;2 · Cited by 295
Self-citationClimate Change Projections for the Twenty-First Century and Climate Change Commitment in the CCSM3
Meehl, G. A., Washington, W. M., Santer, B. D., Collins, W. D., Arblaster, J. M., Hu, A., Lawrence, D. M., Teng, H., Buja, L. E., & Strand, W. G. (2006) · Journal of Climate · doi:10.1175/jcli3746.1 · Cited by 249
Self-citationCoupled Land-Ocean-Atmosphere Processes and South Asian Monsoon Variability
Meehl, G. A. (1994) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.266.5183.263 · Cited by 227
Self-citationProjections of future climate change
Collins, M., & Senior, C. A. (2002) · Weather · doi:10.1256/004316502320517371 · Cited by 187
Rasch, P. J., Collins, W. D., & Eaton, B. E. (2001) · Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres · doi:10.1029/2000jd900508 · Cited by 172
Self-citationMechanisms for projected future changes in south Asian monsoon precipitation
Meehl, G. A., & Arblaster, J. M. (2003) · Climate Dynamics · doi:10.1007/s00382-003-0343-3 · Cited by 158
Self-citationCollins, W. D. (2001) · Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences · doi:10.1175/1520-0469(2001)058<3224:pogcof>2.0.co;2 · Cited by 137
Self-citationDing, Y., & Sikka, D. R. (2006) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/3-540-37722-0_4 · Cited by 133
Effects of the South Asian Absorbing Haze on the Northeast Monsoon and Surface–Air Heat Exchange
Chung, C. ‘., Ramanathan, V., & Kiehl, J. T. (2002) · Journal of Climate · doi:10.1175/1520-0442(2002)015<2462:eotsaa>2.0.co;2 · Cited by 133
Response of the NCAR Climate System Model to Increased CO2and the Role of Physical Processes
Meehl, G. A., Collins, W. D., Boville, B. A., Kiehl, J. T., Wigley, T. M. L., & Arblaster, J. M. (2000) · Journal of Climate · doi:10.1175/1520-0442(2000)013<1879:rotncs>2.0.co;2 · Cited by 124
Self-citationDust and pollution transport on global scales: Aerosol measurements and model predictions
Clarke, A. D., Collins, W. D., Rasch, P. J., Kapustin, V. N., Moore, K., Howell, S. G., & Fuelberg, H. E. (2001) · Journal of Geophysical Research Atmospheres · doi:10.1029/2000jd900842 · Cited by 116
Self-citationSimulation of aerosol distributions and radiative forcing for INDOEX: Regional climate impacts
Collins, W. D., Rasch, P. J., Eaton, B., Fillmore, D., Kiehl, J. T., Beck, C. T., & Zender, C. S. (2002) · Journal of Geophysical Research Atmospheres · doi:10.1029/2000jd000032 · Cited by 113
Self-citationImpact of direct radiative forcing of black carbon aerosols on tropical convective precipitation
Wang, C. (2007) · Geophysical Research Letters · doi:10.1029/2006gl028416 · Cited by 99
Meehl, G. A., & Arblaster, J. M. (2002) · Journal of Climate · doi:10.1175/1520-0442(2002)015<0923:imgset>2.0.co;2 · Cited by 87
Self-citationMeehl, G. A., Arblaster, J. M., Lawrence, D. M., Seth, A., Schneider, E. K., Kirtman, B. P., & Min, D. (2006) · Journal of Climate · doi:10.1175/jcli3745.1 · Cited by 82
Self-citationJones, G. S., Jones, A., Roberts, D. L., Stott, P. A., & Williams, K. D. (2005) · Geophysical Research Letters · doi:10.1029/2005gl023370 · Cited by 30
Jones, G. S., Jones, A. K., Roberts, D. L., Stott, P. A., & Williams, K. D. (2005) · Geophysical Research Letters · Cited by 12
Cited by
Bounding the role of black carbon in the climate system: A scientific assessment
Bond, T. C., Doherty, S. J., Fahey, D. W., Forster, P. M., Berntsen, T., DeAngelo, B. J., Flanner, M. G., Ghan, S., Kärcher, B., Koch, D., et al. (2013) · Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres · doi:10.1002/jgrd.50171 · Cited by 6,385
Simultaneously Mitigating Near-Term Climate Change and Improving Human Health and Food Security
Shindell, D., Kuylenstierna, J. C. I., Vignati, E., van Dingenen, R., Amann, M., Klimont, Z., Anenberg, S. C., Muller, N., Janssens-Maenhout, G., Raes, F., et al. (2012) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.1210026 · Cited by 1,382
Air Quality and Climate Connections
Fiore, A. M., Naik, V., & Leibensperger, E. M. (2015) · Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association · doi:10.1080/10962247.2015.1040526 · Cited by 537
Zhou, T., Gong, D., Li, J., & Li, B. (2009) · Meteorologische Zeitschrift · doi:10.1127/0941-2948/2009/0396 · Cited by 435
Arabian Sea tropical cyclones intensified by emissions of black carbon and other aerosols
Evan, A. T., Kossin, J. P., ‘Eddy’ Chung, C., & Ramanathan, V. (2011) · Nature · doi:10.1038/nature10552 · Cited by 213
Metadata
- Authors
- Meehl, G. A., Arblaster, J. M., & Collins, W. D.
- Venue
- Journal of Climate
- Publisher
- American Meteorological Society
- Published
- 2008-06-15
- Volume
- 21
- Issue
- 12
- Pages
- 2869-2882
- ISSN
- 0894-8755 (ISSN-L)
- 1520-0442
- OpenAlex
- W2153988972
- Cited by
- 455
- References
- 29
- FWCI
- 21.15
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
Data sources
Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.
Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.
