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Cited by 537Atmospheric chemistry and aerosolsAtmospheric aerosols and cloudsEnvironmental and Air Quality Management

Air Quality and Climate Connections

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Fiore, Arlene M., Naik, Vaishali, Leibensperger, Eric M.·2015·Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association
DOI 10.1080/10962247.2015.1040526
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Abstract

UNLABELLED: Multiple linkages connect air quality and climate change. Many air pollutant sources also emit carbon dioxide (CO2), the dominant anthropogenic greenhouse gas (GHG). The two main contributors to non-attainment of U.S. ambient air quality standards, ozone (O3) and particulate matter (PM), interact with radiation, forcing climate change. PM warms by absorbing sunlight (e.g., black carbon) or cools by scattering sunlight (e.g., sulfates) and interacts with clouds; these radiative and microphysical interactions can induce changes in precipitation and regional circulation patterns. Climate change is expected to degrade air quality in many polluted regions by changing air pollution meteorology (ventilation and dilution), precipitation and other removal processes, and by triggering some amplifying responses in atmospheric chemistry and in anthropogenic and natural sources. Together, these processes shape distributions and extreme episodes of O3 and PM. Global modeling indicates that as air pollution programs reduce SO2 to meet health and other air quality goals, near-term warming accelerates due to "unmasking" of warming induced by rising CO2. Air pollutant controls on CH4, a potent GHG and precursor to global O3 levels, and on sources with high black carbon (BC) to organic carbon (OC) ratios could offset near-term warming induced by SO2 emission reductions, while reducing global background O3 and regionally high levels of PM. Lowering peak warming requires decreasing atmospheric CO2, which for some source categories would also reduce co-emitted air pollutants or their precursors. Model projections for alternative climate and air quality scenarios indicate a wide range for U.S. surface O3 and fine PM, although regional projections may be confounded by interannual to decadal natural climate variability. Continued implementation of U.S. NOx emission controls guards against rising pollution levels triggered either by climate change or by global emission growth. Improved accuracy and trends in emission inventories are critical for accountability analyses of historical and projected air pollution and climate mitigation policies. IMPLICATIONS: The expansion of U.S. air pollution policy to protect climate provides an opportunity for joint mitigation, with CH4 a prime target. BC reductions in developing nations would lower the global health burden, and for BC-rich sources (e.g., diesel) may lessen warming. Controls on these emissions could offset near-term warming induced by health-motivated reductions of sulfate (cooling). Wildfires, dust, and other natural PM and O3 sources may increase with climate warming, posing challenges to implementing and attaining air quality standards. Accountability analyses for recent and projected air pollution and climate control strategies should underpin estimated benefits and trade-offs of future policies.

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  • Prior studies have identified a 'climate penalty' on air quality, in which rising temperatures and shifts in meteorology under climate change can increase surface ozone and fine particulate concentrations, resulting in increases in air pollution-related mortality.

    “Prior studies have identified a 'climate penalty' on air quality, in which rising temperatures and shifts in meteorology under climate change can increase surface ozone and fine particulate concentrations, resulting in increases in air pollution-related mortality (Fiore et al., 2015; Doherty et al., 2013; Fu and Tian, 2019; Silva et al., 2017).”

    From Air quality impacts of stratospheric aerosol injections are likely small and mainly driven by changes in climate, not aerosol settling (2026) · cites this paper as Fiore et al., 2015

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  • Internal variability can drive regional air quality differences.

    “this is important as internal variability can drive regional air quality differences (Fiore et al., 2015).”

    From Air quality impacts of stratospheric aerosol injections are likely small and mainly driven by changes in climate, not aerosol settling (2026) · cites this paper as Fiore et al., 2015

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Authors
Fiore, A. M., Naik, V., & Leibensperger, E. M.
Affiliations
  • Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory (US)
  • University Corporation for Atmospheric Research (UCAR) & NOAA Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Laboratory, Princeton, NJ, USA
  • SUNY Plattsburgh (US)
ORCID
Venue
Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association
Publisher
Informa UK Limited
Published
2015-05-15
Volume
65
Issue
6
Pages
645-685
ISSN
  • 1047-3289 (ISSN-L)
  • 1096-2247
  • 2162-2906
DOI
10.1080/10962247.2015.1040526
OpenAlex
W1962884938
Cited by
537
References
12
Citations by year
2026: 51 · 2025: 74 · 2024: 60 · 2023: 53 · 2022: 50 · 2021: 43 · 2020: 44 · 2019: 49 · 2018: 51 · 2017: 30 · 2016: 27 · 2015: 3
FWCI
2.07
Type
journal article
Language
en
Update notices
correction (2015-08-14)
Open access
Licence
cc-by
Locations
  • Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
Funders
  • NASA AQAST (NNX12AF15G)
  • EPA STAR (83520601)
Topics
  • Physical Sciences › Earth and Planetary Sciences › Atmospheric Science › Atmospheric chemistry and aerosols
  • Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Global and Planetary Change › Atmospheric aerosols and clouds
  • Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Environmental Engineering › Environmental and Air Quality Management
Keywords
black carbon, particulate matter, ozone, radiative forcing, aerosol-cloud interactions, carbon dioxide, methane, sulfur dioxide emission control, NOx emission control, air quality policy, climate change mitigation, emission inventory, forest fires, dust, air quality standards, climate variability, diesel exhaust, air pollution meteorology
MeSH terms
Air Pollutants, Air Pollution, Ozone, United States, Particulate Matter, Climate Change

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