The borderline diagnosis in adolescents: Symptoms and developmental history
Abstract
Adult criteria for borderline personality disorder distinguished a group of 27 inpatient adolescent girls from 23 nonborderline inpatient female comparison subjects. The two groups were compared on retrospectively assessed variables measuring psychological, familial, and constitutional factors. Variables most likely to predict borderline personality disorder included history of disrupted attachments, maternal neglect, maternal rejection, grossly inappropriate parental behavior, number of mother and father surrogates, physical abuse, and sexual abuse. Families of borderline adolescents were chronically disrupted, particularly during the patients' early childhoods. The traumatic childhood experiences of the borderline adolescents were similar to those of adults with borderline personality disorder in recent studies.
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Neglect, low parental involvement, and emotional maltreatment rather than physical and sexual abuse are the critical predictors of BPD.
“In line with our emphasis on the importance of a mirroring relationship for the establishment of mentalization, a number of studies support the view that neglect, low parental involvement, and emotional maltreatment rather than the presence of physical and sexual abuse are the critical predictors of BPD (e.g. Johnson et al., 2001; Ludolph et al., 1990).”
From A developmental, mentalization-based approach to the understanding and treatment of borderline personality disorder (2009) · cites this paper as Ludolph et al., 1990
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Mentalizing-Based Treatment with Adolescents and Families
Bleiberg, E. (2013) · Child and Adolescent Psychiatric Clinics of North America · doi:10.1016/j.chc.2013.01.001 · Cited by 24 · see citing works
Al-Salom, P., & Boylan, K. (2019) · Europe PMC (PubMed Central) · Cited by 23 · see citing works
Questioning the Coherence of Histrionic Personality Disorder
Blagov, P. S., & Westen, D. (2008) · The Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease · doi:10.1097/nmd.0b013e31818b502d · Cited by 23 · see citing works
Self-citationPsychodiagnosis of Personality Structure II: Borderline Personality Organization
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Childhood trauma histories in adolescent inpatients
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Six‐Month Trajectory of Suicidal Ideation in Adolescents with Borderline Personality Disorder
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- Authors
- Ludolph, P. S., Westen, D., Misle, B., Jackson, A., Wixom, J., & Wiss, F. C.
- Affiliations
- University of Michigan (US)
- Venue
- American Journal of Psychiatry
- Published
- 1990-04-01
- Volume
- 147
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- 470-476
- ISSN
- 0002-953X (ISSN-L)
- 1535-7228
- OpenAlex
- W2283261533
- Cited by
- 187
- References
- 18
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2025: 2 · 2024: 2 · 2023: 2 · 2022: 2 · 2021: 2 · 2019: 2 · 2018: 1 · 2017: 4 · 2016: 3 · 2015: 8 · 2014: 13 · 2013: 8 · 2012: 2
- FWCI
- 17.74
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- American Journal of Psychiatry (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Personality Disorders and Psychopathology
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Child Abuse and Trauma
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Personality Traits and Psychology
- Keywords
- borderline personality disorder, adolescents, adolescent girls, maternal neglect, maternal rejection, parental behavior, physical abuse, sexual abuse, family dysfunction, childhood trauma, developmental history, diagnostic criteria
- MeSH terms
- Adolescent, Adult, Mental Disorders, Borderline Personality Disorder, Child, Child Abuse, Child Abuse, Sexual, Diagnosis, Differential, Divorce, Family, Female, Humans, Life Change Events, Male, Maternal Deprivation, Parent-Child Relations, Paternal Deprivation, Retrospective Studies, Risk Factors
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
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