Cited by 217HIV, Drug Use, Sexual RiskHIV/AIDS Research and InterventionsHomelessness and Social Issues

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Factors associated with risk for HIV infection among chronic mentally ill adults

Seth C. Kalichman, Jeffrey A. Kelly, Jennifer Ray Johnson, Marita Bulto·1994·American Journal of Psychiatry

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Abstract

OBJECTIVE: Chronic mentally ill adults have been found to be at risk for HIV infection. The authors investigated the prevalence of HIV risk behaviors among psychiatric outpatients. Correlates of HIV risk factors and characteristics of patient relationships in which risk occurred were investigated. METHOD: Structured interviews were conducted with 95 chronic mentally ill adults from urban community support service programs. The interviews focused on sexual and substance use behavior, history of HIV risk behaviors, and relationship characteristics related to risk. RESULTS: The study showed that 27% of all patients had had two or more sex partners in the previous year and 18% had received money or drugs for sex. High rates of illicit drug use were also found, with frequent use of drugs or alcohol in association with sexual activity. Multiple regression analyses showed that use of illicit drugs, meeting sex partners in psychiatric clinics, and meeting partners in bars accounted for a substantial proportion of the variance in HIV risk behavior. CONCLUSIONS: These results suggest an urgent need for HIV prevention programs targeted at urban chronic mentally ill adults. Risk-producing characteristics of patient relationships and social networks should be addressed in the development of prevention interventions.

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Authors: Kalichman, S. C., Kelly, J. A., Johnson, J. R., & Bulto, M.
Affiliations: Medical College of Wisconsin (US)
ORCID: Seth C. Kalichman
Jeffrey A. Kelly
Jennifer Ray Johnson
Venue: American Journal of Psychiatry
Publisher: American Psychiatric Association Publishing
Published: 1994-02-01
Volume: 151
Issue: 2
Pages: 221-227
ISSN: 0002-953X (ISSN-L)
1535-7228
DOI: 10.1176/ajp.151.2.221
OpenAlex: W1233958051
Cited by: 216
References: 24
Citations by year: 2026: 1 · 2023: 2 · 2022: 1 · 2021: 2 · 2020: 1 · 2019: 2 · 2018: 3 · 2017: 7 · 2016: 3 · 2015: 5 · 2014: 1 · 2013: 3 · 2012: 8
FWCI: 14.08
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: closed
Locations: American Journal of Psychiatry (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Funders: National Institutes of Health (5r01mh049031-05)
National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH MH-49031)
Topics: Health Sciences › Medicine › Epidemiology › HIV, Drug Use, Sexual Risk
Health Sciences › Medicine › Infectious Diseases › HIV/AIDS Research and Interventions
Social Sciences › Sociology and Political Science › Homelessness and Social Issues
Keywords: HIV risk behavior, chronic mental illness, psychiatric outpatients, sexual risk, multiple sexual partners, sex work, illicit drug use, alcohol consumption, HIV prevention, social networks, community support services, urban adults
MeSH terms: Adult, Alcoholism, Ambulatory Care, Mental Disorders, Chronic Disease, Female, Humans, Male, Psychiatric Status Rating Scales, Regression Analysis, Risk Factors, Risk-Taking, Sexual Partners, Social Support, Urban Population, HIV Infections, Prevalence, Substance-Related Disorders

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Factors associated with risk for HIV infection among chronic mentally ill adults

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