The DOI matches its Crossref record; 34 of the 34 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Acute Stress Disorder, Posttraumatic Stress Disorder, and Depression in Disaster or Rescue Workers
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: The events of Sept. 11, 2001, highlighted the importance of understanding the effects of trauma on disaster workers. To better plan for the health care of disaster workers, this study examined acute stress disorder, posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), early dissociative symptoms, depression, and health care utilization in disaster workers. METHOD: Exposed disaster workers (N=207) and unexposed comparison subjects (N=421) were examined at 2, 7, and 13 months after an airplane crash. RESULTS: Exposed disaster workers had significantly higher rates of acute stress disorder, PTSD at 13 months, depression at 7 months, and depression at 13 months than comparison subjects. Those who were younger and single were more likely to develop acute stress disorder. Exposed disaster workers with acute stress disorder were 3.93 times more likely to be depressed at 7 months. Those with high exposure and previous disaster experience or who had acute stress disorder were more likely to develop PTSD. Similarly, those who were depressed at 7 months were 9.5 times more likely to have PTSD. Those who were depressed at 13 months were 7.96 times more likely to also meet PTSD criteria. More exposed disaster workers than comparison subjects obtained medical care for emotional problems at 2, 7, and 13 months. Overall, 40.5% of exposed disaster workers versus 20.4% of comparison subjects had acute stress disorder, depression at 13 months, or PTSD. CONCLUSIONS: Exposed disaster workers are at increased risk of acute stress disorder, depression, or PTSD and seek care for emotional problems at an increased rate.
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In the citing paper
“It was highlighted that there were more significant rates of acute stress disorder, PTSD, and depression at 13 months post-exposure than comparison participants. Acute stress disorder rates were 25.6% (n = 53), whereas comparison participant rates were 2.4% (n=10). Similarly, PTSD rates at 13 months were reported at 16.7% (n = 19) compared to 1.9% (n = 4)”
From Understanding the Occupational Factors that Influence Paramedic Health and Wellbeing (2024) · cites this paper as Fullerton et al., 2004
In the citing paper
“Exposed workers are at an increased risk of acute stress disorder, depression or PTSD”
From Understanding the Occupational Factors that Influence Paramedic Health and Wellbeing (2024) · cites this paper as Fullerton, C., Ursano, R. & Wang, L. 2004
In the citing paper
“and seek care for emotion- al distress at an increased rate.”
From Understanding the Occupational Factors that Influence Paramedic Health and Wellbeing (2024) · cites this paper as Fullerton, C., Ursano, R. & Wang, L. 2004
In the citing paper
“Rescue and disaster workers who were exposed to a disaster were significantly more likely to experience depression at 7 and 13 months following the event relative to rescue and disaster workers who were not exposed to a similar event [58].”
From The Cyclical Battle of Insomnia and Mental Health Impairment in Firefighters: A Narrative Review (2024) · cites this paper as [58]
In the citing paper
“Specifically, 21.7% of the exposed workers experienced depression, while 12.6% of non-exposed workers experienced similar feelings of depression 13 months after the event [58].”
From The Cyclical Battle of Insomnia and Mental Health Impairment in Firefighters: A Narrative Review (2024) · cites this paper as [58]
In the citing paper
“Their results indicate that 16.7% of exposed workers reported PTSD while only 1.9% of non-exposed workers reported PTSD 13 months following the incident.”
From The Cyclical Battle of Insomnia and Mental Health Impairment in Firefighters: A Narrative Review (2024) · cites this paper as [58]
In the citing paper
“Approximately 22% of firefighters are also at risk for depression [4,5]”
From Mindful attention training workshop for firefighters: Design and methodology of a pilot randomized clinical trial (2022) · cites this paper as [5]
Citations
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Béné, C. (2020) · Food Security · doi:10.1007/s12571-020-01076-1 · Cited by 1,069
Liu, X., Kakade, M., Fuller, C. J., Fan, B., Fang, Y., Kong, J., Guan, Z., & Wu, P. (2012) · Comprehensive Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.comppsych.2011.02.003 · Cited by 868
“On the surface of it, the direction of this contrast seems surprising because traumatic experiences have frequently been found to be more strongly predictive of PTSD than of depression [41-44].”
BackgroundBerger, W., Coutinho, E. S. F., Figueira, I., Marques-Portella, C., Luz, M. P., Neylan, T. C., Marmar, C. R., & Mendlowicz, M. V. (2012) · Social Psychiatry and Psychiatric Epidemiology · doi:10.1007/s00127-011-0408-2 · Cited by 712
Rubin, D. C., Berntsen, D., & Bohni, M. K. (2008) · Psychological Review · doi:10.1037/a0013397 · Cited by 533
The Relation between Work-related Psychosocial Factors and the Development of Depression
Netterstrom, B., Conrad, N., Bech, P., Fink, P., Olsen, O., Rugulies, R., & Stansfeld, S. (2008) · Epidemiologic Reviews · doi:10.1093/epirev/mxn004 · Cited by 467
Metadata
- Authors
- Fullerton, C. S., Ursano, R. J., & Wang, L.
- Affiliations
- Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences (US)
- Venue
- American Journal of Psychiatry
- Published
- 2004-08-01
- Volume
- 161
- Issue
- 8
- Pages
- 1370-1376
- ISSN
- 0002-953X (ISSN-L)
- 1535-7228
- OpenAlex
- W2140846624
- Cited by
- 515
- References
- 34
- Citations by year
- 2026: 10 · 2025: 22 · 2024: 24 · 2023: 20 · 2022: 19 · 2021: 37 · 2020: 38 · 2019: 36 · 2018: 25 · 2017: 30 · 2016: 27 · 2015: 34 · 2014: 26 · 2013: 19 · 2012: 28
- FWCI
- 20.77
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- American Journal of Psychiatry (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Research
- Health Sciences › Health Professions › Emergency Medical Services › Disaster Response and Management
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › COVID-19 and Mental Health
- Keywords
- acute stress disorder, post-traumatic stress disorder, depression, disaster workers, rescue workers, trauma exposure, dissociative symptoms, health care utilization, September 11 attacks, airplane crash
- MeSH terms
- Accidents, Aviation, Adult, Age Factors, Community Mental Health Services, Depressive Disorder, Disaster Planning, Disasters, Dissociative Disorders, Female, Follow-Up Studies, Humans, Longitudinal Studies, Male, Patient Acceptance of Health Care, Prospective Studies, Risk Factors, Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic, United States, Marital Status, Rescue Work, Stress Disorders, Traumatic, Acute
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