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Cited by 322Bipolar Disorder and TreatmentPersonality Disorders and PsychopathologyTreatment of Major Depression

The DOI matches its Crossref record; 41 of the 41 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.

Manic Symptoms During Depressive Episodes in 1,380 Patients With Bipolar Disorder: Findings From the STEP-BD

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Goldberg, Joseph F., Perlis, Roy H., Bowden, Charles L., Thase, Michael E., Miklowitz, David J., Marangell, Lauren B., Calabrese, Joseph R., Nierenberg, Andrew A., Sachs, Gary S.·2009·American Journal of Psychiatry
DOI 10.1176/appi.ajp.2008.08050746PMC PMC10034853
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Abstract

OBJECTIVE: Little is known about how often bipolar depressive episodes are accompanied by subsyndromal manic symptoms in bipolar I and II disorders. The authors sought to determine the frequency and clinical correlates of manic symptoms during episodes of bipolar depression. METHOD: From among 4,107 enrollees in the National Institute of Mental Health's Systematic Treatment Enhancement Program for Bipolar Disorder (STEP-BD), 1,380 individuals met criteria for bipolar I or II depressive syndromes at the time of enrollment and were assessed for concomitant manic symptoms. Illness characteristics were compared in patients with pure bipolar depressed episodes and those with mixed depressive presentations. RESULTS: Two-thirds of the subjects with bipolar depressed episodes had concomitant manic symptoms, most often distractibility, flight of ideas or racing thoughts, and psychomotor agitation. Patients with any mixed features were significantly more likely than those with pure bipolar depressed episodes to have early age at illness onset, rapid cycling in the past year, bipolar I subtype, history of suicide attempts, and more days in the preceding year with irritability or mood elevation. CONCLUSIONS: Manic symptoms often accompany bipolar depressive episodes but may easily be overlooked when they appear less prominent than depressive features. Subsyndromal manic symptoms during bipolar I or II depression demarcate a more common, severe, and psychopathologically complex clinical state than pure bipolar depression and merit recognition as a distinct nosologic entity.

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Research works printed but not linked: 2

  1. Sheehan D, 1998, J Clin Psychiatry, 59, 22
  2. American Psychiatric Association, 2002, Am J Psychiatry, 159

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Metadata

Authors
Goldberg, J. F., Perlis, R. H., Bowden, C. L., Thase, M. E., Miklowitz, D. J., Marangell, L. B., Calabrese, J. R., Nierenberg, A. A., & Sachs, G. S.
Affiliations
Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai (US)
ORCID
Venue
American Journal of Psychiatry
Publisher
American Psychiatric Association Publishing
Published
2009-02
Volume
166
Issue
2
Pages
173-181
ISSN
  • 0002-953X (ISSN-L)
  • 1535-7228
DOI
10.1176/appi.ajp.2008.08050746
PMC
PMC10034853
OpenAlex
W2136900530
Cited by
322
References
41
Citations by year
2026: 8 · 2025: 14 · 2024: 2 · 2023: 12 · 2022: 8 · 2021: 12 · 2020: 18 · 2019: 19 · 2018: 12 · 2017: 25 · 2016: 32 · 2015: 24 · 2014: 25 · 2013: 20 · 2012: 35
FWCI
18.50
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Locations
  • American Journal of Psychiatry (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
Funders
  • U.S. Department of Defense
  • American Psychiatric Publishing
  • Bristol-Myers Squibb
  • Eli Lilly and Company
  • Pfizer
  • AstraZeneca
  • GlaxoSmithKline
  • Sanofi
  • Jazz Pharmaceuticals
  • Supernus Pharmaceuticals
  • Dainippon Sumitomo Pharma
  • Servier
  • National Institutes of Health (n01mh80001-12-0-0, 1k23mh001936-01a1)
  • National Institute of Mental Health (K23 MH-01936, N01-MH80001, N01 MH080001)
  • UCB Pharma
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Bipolar Disorder and Treatment
  • Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Personality Disorders and Psychopathology
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Pharmacology (medical) › Treatment of Major Depression
Keywords
bipolar depression, mixed features, bipolar I disorder, bipolar II disorder, distractibility, flight of ideas, psychomotor agitation, rapid cycling, age of onset, suicide attempts, irritability, mood improvement, disease classification
MeSH terms
Adult, Affect, Antidepressive Agents, Bipolar Disorder, Cross-Sectional Studies, Major Depressive Disorder, Diagnosis, Differential, Euphoria, Female, Humans, Irritable Mood, Longitudinal Studies, Male, Middle Aged, Psychiatric Status Rating Scales, Psychometrics, Treatment Outcome, Antimanic Agents, Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders

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