Cited by 214Neuroendocrine regulation and behaviorPersonality Disorders and PsychopathologyFace Recognition and Perception

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Oxytocin and Reduction of Social Threat Hypersensitivity in Women With Borderline Personality Disorder

Bertsch, Katja, Gamer, Matthias, Schmidt, Brigitte, Schmidinger, Ilinca, Walther, Stephan, Kästel, Thorsten, Schnell, Knut, Büchel, Christian, Domes, Gregor, Herpertz, Sabine C.·2013·American Journal of Psychiatry

DOI 10.1176/appi.ajp.2013.13020263

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Abstract

OBJECTIVE: Patients with borderline personality disorder are characterized by emotional hyperarousal with increased stress levels, anger proneness, and hostile, impulsive behaviors. They tend to ascribe anger to ambiguous facial expressions and exhibit enhanced and prolonged reactions in response to threatening social cues, associated with enhanced and prolonged amygdala responses. Because the intranasal administration of the neuropeptide oxytocin has been shown to improve facial recognition and to shift attention away from negative social information, the authors investigated whether borderline patients would benefit from oxytocin administration. METHOD: In a randomized placebo-controlled double-blind group design, 40 nonmedicated, adult female patients with a current DSM-IV diagnosis of borderline personality disorder (two patients were excluded based on hormonal analyses) and 41 healthy women, matched on age, education, and IQ, took part in an emotion classification task 45 minutes after intranasal administration of 26 IU of oxytocin or placebo. Dependent variables were latencies and number or initial reflexive eye movements measured by eye tracking, manual response latencies, and blood-oxygen-level-dependent responses of the amygdala to angry and fearful compared with happy facial expressions. RESULTS: Borderline patients exhibited more and faster initial fixation changes to the eyes of angry faces combined with increased amygdala activation in response to angry faces compared with the control group. These abnormal behavioral and neural patterns were normalized after oxytocin administration. CONCLUSIONS: Borderline patients exhibit a hypersensitivity to social threat in early, reflexive stages of information processing. Oxytocin may decrease social threat hypersensitivity and thus reduce anger and aggressive behavior in borderline personality disorder or other psychiatric disorders with enhanced threat-driven reactive aggression.

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Authors: Bertsch, K., Gamer, M., Schmidt, B., Schmidinger, I., Walther, S., Kästel, T., Schnell, K., Büchel, C., Domes, G., & Herpertz, S. C.
Affiliations: University of Freiburg (DE)
ORCID: Bertsch, Katja
Gamer, Matthias
Schnell, Knut
Büchel, Christian
Domes, Gregor
Herpertz, Sabine C.
Venue: American Journal of Psychiatry
Publisher: American Psychiatric Association Publishing
Published: 2013-10
Volume: 170
Issue: 10
Pages: 1169-1177
ISSN: 0002-953X (ISSN-L)
1535-7228
DOI: 10.1176/appi.ajp.2013.13020263
OpenAlex: W2128455436
Semantic Scholar: 4aecba81946119f855d958c33ed5143911d98810
Cited by: 214
References: 42
Citations by year: 2026: 6 · 2025: 8 · 2024: 7 · 2023: 12 · 2022: 11 · 2021: 18 · 2020: 18 · 2019: 19 · 2018: 29 · 2017: 25 · 2016: 12 · 2015: 26 · 2014: 17 · 2013: 5
FWCI: 29.96
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: closed
Locations: American Journal of Psychiatry (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
FreiDok plus (Universitätsbibliothek Freiburg) (submittedVersion)
Topics: Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Endocrine and Autonomic Systems › Neuroendocrine regulation and behavior
Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Personality Disorders and Psychopathology
Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Face Recognition and Perception
Keywords: oxytocin, borderline personality disorder, amygdala activation, angry facial expressions, emotion classification, eye movements, intranasal administration, reactive aggression, women, facial expression recognition
MeSH terms: Administration, Intranasal, Adolescent, Adult, Aggression, Amygdala, Anger, Arousal, Borderline Personality Disorder, Double-Blind Method, Emotions, Facial Expression, Female, Humans, Image Interpretation, Computer-Assisted, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Oxytocin, Pattern Recognition, Visual, Reaction Time, Social Perception, Young Adult

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Oxytocin and Reduction of Social Threat Hypersensitivity in Women With Borderline Personality Disorder

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