The DOI matches its Crossref record; 64 of the 64 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Toward a Neurobiology of Psychotherapy: Basic Science and Clinical Applications
Abstract
Psychotherapy is used commonly to treat a variety of mental illnesses, yet surprisingly little is known about its biological mechanisms especially in comparison with pharmacotherapy. In this review we survey the current knowledge about changes in brain function following psychotherapeutic intervention that are detectable with current neuroimaging techniques. We also consider the possible role for neuroimaging in refining clinical diagnoses and predicting treatment outcome, which would benefit both clinical decision-making and the cognitive neuroscience of psychotherapy.
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In the citing paper
“This is a fundamentally new perspective because psychotherapy research to date has only considered the patient’s brain as the locus of therapeutic effects (Etkin et al., 2005; Beauregard, 2014; Weingarten and Strauman, 2015).”
From Synchrony in Psychotherapy: A Review and an Integrative Framework for the Therapeutic Alliance (2016) · cites this paper as Etkin et al., 2005
In the citing paper
“An equivalent model in anxiety disorders has been proposed (Etkin et al., 2005).”
From Meta-analyses of the neural mechanisms and predictors of response to psychotherapy in depression and anxiety (2018) · cites this paper as Etkin et al., 2005
In the citing paper
“Patients with affective disorders who remit have been found to show recovery in the imbalance between these two systems (DeRubeis et al., 2008; Etkin et al., 2005; Siegle et al., 2007).”
From Meta-analyses of the neural mechanisms and predictors of response to psychotherapy in depression and anxiety (2018) · cites this paper as Etkin et al., 2005
Citations
Cites
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Contributions of anterior cingulate cortex to behaviour
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Elkin, I. (1989) · Archives of General Psychiatry · doi:10.1001/archpsyc.1989.01810110013002 · Cited by 2,300
Pan-cultural elements in facial displays of emotion
Ekman, P., Sorenson, E. R., & Friesen, W. V. (1969) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.164.3875.86 · Cited by 1,775
Anxiety-related attentional biases and their regulation by attentional control.
Derryberry, D., & Reed, M. A. (2002) · Journal of Abnormal Psychology · doi:10.1037/0021-843x.111.2.225 · Cited by 1,729
A cognitive-motivational analysis of anxiety.
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Cited by
Sorted by citations
Coping Resources, Coping Processes, and Mental Health
Taylor, S. E., & Stanton, A. L. (2007) · Annual Review of Clinical Psychology · doi:10.1146/annurev.clinpsy.3.022806.091520 · Cited by 1,600
Etkin, A., Egner, T., Peraza, D. M., Kandel, E. R., & Hirsch, J. (2006) · Neuron · doi:10.1016/j.neuron.2006.07.029 · Cited by 1,360
Self-citationSynchrony in Psychotherapy: A Review and an Integrative Framework for the Therapeutic Alliance
Koole, S. L., & Tschacher, W. (2016) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2016.00862 · Cited by 456
“This is a fundamentally new perspective because psychotherapy research to date has only considered the patient’s brain as the locus of therapeutic effects (Etkin et al., 2005; Beauregard, 2014; Weingarten and Strauman, 2015).”
BackgroundNitschke, J. B., Sarinopoulos, I., Oathes, D. J., Johnstone, T., Whalen, P. J., Davidson, R. J., & Kalin, N. H. (2009) · American Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1176/appi.ajp.2008.07101682 · Cited by 375
Marci, C. D., Ham, J., Moran, E., & Orr, S. P. (2007) · Journal of Nervous & Mental Disease · doi:10.1097/01.nmd.0000253731.71025.fc · Cited by 364
Metadata
- Authors
- Etkin, A., Pittenger, C., Polan, H. J., & Kandel, E. R.
- Affiliations
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute (US)
- Venue
- The Journal of Neuropsychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences
- Published
- 2005-05
- Volume
- 17
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 145-158
- ISSN
- 0895-0172 (ISSN-L)
- 1545-7222
- OpenAlex
- W1988088970
- Cited by
- 244
- References
- 63
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2025: 4 · 2024: 5 · 2023: 7 · 2022: 12 · 2021: 9 · 2020: 7 · 2019: 7 · 2018: 6 · 2017: 9 · 2016: 10 · 2015: 27 · 2014: 12 · 2013: 13 · 2012: 15
- FWCI
- 13.59
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Journal of Neuropsychiatry (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Psychotherapy Techniques and Applications
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Psychoanalysis and Psychopathology Research
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Neurology › Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation Studies
- Keywords
- psychotherapy, neurobiology of psychotherapy, brain function changes, neuroimaging, treatment outcome prediction, diagnosis, drug therapy comparison
- MeSH terms
- Mental Disorders, Consciousness, Diagnostic Imaging, Humans, Neurobiology, Psychotherapy, Treatment Outcome
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Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
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- CoChat. (2026). Citation check: Toward a Neurobiology of Psychotherapy: Basic Science and Clinical Applications. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1176/jnp.17.2.145
- The paper
- Etkin, A., Pittenger, C., Polan, H. J., & Kandel, E. R. (2005). Toward a Neurobiology of Psychotherapy: Basic Science and Clinical Applications. The Journal of Neuropsychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences. https://doi.org/10.1176/jnp.17.2.145
