Cited by 156Traumatic Brain Injury ResearchPosttraumatic Stress Disorder ResearchTraumatic Brain Injury and Neurovascular Disturbances

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Epidemiology and Natural History of Psychiatric Disorders After TBI

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Ponsford, Jennie, Alway, Yvette, Gould, Kate Rachel·2018·The Journal of Neuropsychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences

DOI 10.1176/appi.neuropsych.18040093

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Abstract

This article outlines the epidemiology of psychiatric disorders in individuals with traumatic brain injury (TBI), with a focus on DSM axis I disorders diagnosed on the basis of structured clinical interview. The epidemiology of psychiatric disorders in the general population is described as a basis for understanding the disorders that occur before and after TBI. For each disorder category, including mood disorders, anxiety disorders, acute stress disorder, posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), substance use disorders, psychotic disorders, eating disorders, somatoform disorders, and adjustment disorders, the evidence from retrospective, cross-sectional and prospective studies is reviewed, showing the frequency, time course, and predictors of the disorders. Studies show elevated rates of depressive and anxiety disorders after TBI, most commonly major depressive disorder and PTSD, usually emerging in the first year postinjury but with delayed onset in severe injury cases. Although individuals with a preinjury history are more likely to develop these disorders, the nature of the disorders may change after injury, and novel psychiatric disorders are also common. Even though the frequency of anxiety disorders diminishes over the years postinjury, depressive disorders are more persistent during postinjury years. Substance use-while high before injury-declines after injury. The frequency of psychotic, eating, somatoform, and adjustment disorders do not exceed population rates.

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10.1002/jts.2490090318 · DOI

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Authors: Ponsford, J., Alway, Y., & Gould, K. R.
Affiliations: Epworth Hospital (AU)
ORCID: Ponsford, Jennie
Gould, Kate Rachel
Venue: The Journal of Neuropsychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences
Publisher: American Psychiatric Association Publishing
Published: 2018-10
Volume: 30
Issue: 4
Pages: 262-270
ISSN: 0895-0172 (ISSN-L)
1545-7222
DOI: 10.1176/appi.neuropsych.18040093
OpenAlex: W2811513197
Cited by: 156
References: 54
Citations by year: 2026: 15 · 2025: 15 · 2024: 17 · 2023: 16 · 2022: 15 · 2021: 25 · 2020: 45 · 2019: 7 · 2018: 1
FWCI: 15.23
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: bronze
doi.org
Locations: Journal of Neuropsychiatry (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Topics: Health Sciences › Medicine › Clinical Neurology › Traumatic Brain Injury Research
Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Research
Health Sciences › Medicine › Clinical Neurology › Traumatic Brain Injury and Neurovascular Disturbances
Keywords: traumatic brain injury, psychiatric comorbidity, mood disorders, major depressive disorder, anxiety disorders, post-traumatic stress disorder, acute stress disorder, substance use disorders, psychosis, eating disorders, somatoform disorders, adjustment disorder, natural history (disease), delayed onset
MeSH terms: Brain Injuries, Traumatic, Adult, Anxiety Disorders, Australia, Depressive Disorder, Major, Major Depressive Disorder, Female, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic, Time Factors, Substance-Related Disorders

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