What do 1000 smokers with mental illness say about their tobacco use?
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: To determine what motivates smokers with mental illness to participate in a smoking cessation or reduction programme and to report their attendance and cessation rates. METHOD: A group programme was provided to assist smokers with mental illness to cease or reduce their use of tobacco. People who registered to address their tobacco use completed a questionnaire which included information about their mental health, tobacco use, and what they wanted to achieve by attending the programme. RESULTS: A total of 1043 smokers living with mental illness contacted the programme and asked for help to address their tobacco use between 2000 and 2011. At the first contact they were smoking an average of 27.4 cigarettes per day and had been smoking for 23.8 years, and 87% said they wanted to quit tobacco and a further 10% wanted to smoke less: 85% said they were concerned about the effect that smoking tobacco was having on their health, 56% were concerned for financial reasons, and nearly half (47.6%) said that they were concerned about both their physical health and their financial situation. In Adelaide, 148 Tobacco Free programmes were provided by mental health services. Of those who attended at least one session and completed an evaluation at the end of the programme, 22.5% reported not smoking. Most remained motivated to continue to address their tobacco use and many registered for a further programme. CONCLUSIONS: Many smokers living with serious mental illness are concerned about the impact of tobacco use on their health and finances and are motivated to address it. Group treatment programmes specifically designed for these people can achieve good cessation rates and should be readily accessible to all smokers with mental illness.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Claims the paper makes
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
Text messaging can support medication adherence for people with chronic conditions.
“Text messaging can support other important health behaviours, such as medication adherence for people with chronic conditions.331”
From The Lancet Psychiatry Commission: a blueprint for protecting physical health in people with mental illness (2019) · cites this paper as [331]
Cites
Smoking and Mental Illness: A Population-Based Prevalence Study
Lasser, K., Boyd, J. W., Woolhandler, S., Himmelstein, D. U., McCormick, D., & Bor, D. H. (2000) · JAMA · doi:10.1001/jama.284.20.2606 · Cited by 2,508 · see citing works
(2010) · PsycEXTRA Dataset · doi:10.1037/e590462011-001 · Cited by 1,799 · see citing works
de Leon, J., & Diaz, F. J. (2005) · Schizophrenia Research · doi:10.1016/j.schres.2005.02.010 · Cited by 1,276 · see citing works
National Survey of Mental Health and Wellbeing: Summary of Results
(2008) · PsycEXTRA Dataset · doi:10.1037/e681292012-001 · Cited by 525 · see citing works
Smoking and mental illness: results from population surveys in Australia and the United States
Lawrence, D., Mitrou, F., & Zubrick, S. R. (2009) · BMC Public Health · doi:10.1186/1471-2458-9-285 · Cited by 517 · see citing works
Assessing motivation to quit smoking in people with mental illness: a review
Siru, R., Hulse, G. K., & Tait, R. J. (2009) · Addiction · doi:10.1111/j.1360-0443.2009.02545.x · Cited by 301 · cited 2× · see citing works
“Despite the impact of tobacco use on the health, finances, and quality of life of smokers who live with mental illness, few programmes have been specifically provided to help this group of smokers (Etter et al., 2004; Lucksted et al., 2004; Williams and Foulds, 2007; Siru et al., 2009).”
BackgroundBaker, A., Richmond, R., Haile, M., Lewin, T. J., Carr, V. J., Taylor, R. L., Jansons, S., & Wilhelm, K. (2006) · American Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1176/ajp.2006.163.11.1934 · Cited by 255 · see citing works
Supporting smoking cessation: a guide for health professionals.
Zwar, N. A., RICHMOND, R. L., Borland, R., Peters, M. J., Litt, J., Bell, J., Caldwell, B., & Ferretter, I. T. (2012) · Cited by 215 · see citing works
Galletly, C. A., Foley, D. L., Waterreus, A., Watts, G. F., Castle, D. J., McGrath, J. J., Mackinnon, A., & Morgan, V. A. (2012) · Australian & New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1177/0004867412453089 · Cited by 203 · see citing works
Self-citationCooper, J., Mancuso, S. G., Borland, R., Slade, T. N., Galletly, C. A., & Castle, D. J. (2012) · Australian & New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1177/0004867412449876 · Cited by 169 · see citing works
Self-citationSmoking and quitting: a qualitative study with community-living psychiatric clients
Lawn, S. J., Pols, R. G., & Barber, J. G. (2002) · Social Science & Medicine · doi:10.1016/s0277-9536(01)00008-9 · Cited by 158 · see citing works
Excess Cancer Mortality in Psychiatric Patients
Kisely, S., Sadek, J., MacKenzie, A., Lawrence, D., & Campbell, L. A. (2008) · The Canadian Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1177/070674370805301107 · Cited by 128 · see citing works
Physical health and schizophrenia
Mitchell, A. J., & Malone, D. (2006) · Current Opinion in Psychiatry · doi:10.1097/01.yco.0000228767.71473.9e · Cited by 112 · see citing works
Carlson, L. E., Goodey, E., Bennett, M. H., Taenzer, P. A., & Koopmans, J. (2002) · Addictive Behaviors · doi:10.1016/s0306-4603(01)00192-7 · Cited by 83 · see citing works
Etter, M., Mohr, S., Garin, C., & Etter, J. (2004) · Schizophrenia Bulletin · doi:10.1093/oxfordjournals.schbul.a007092 · Cited by 75 · see citing works
Morris, C. D., Waxmonsky, J. A., May, M. G., Tinkelman, D. G., Dickinson, M., & Giese, A. A. (2011) · Community Mental Health Journal · doi:10.1007/s10597-011-9411-z · Cited by 61 · see citing works
Successful Tobacco Dependence Treatment in Schizophrenia
Williams, J. M., & Foulds, J. (2007) · American Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1176/ajp.2007.164.2.222 · Cited by 55 · see citing works
People with mental illness can tackle tobacco.
Ashton, M., Miller, C. L., Bowden, J. A., & Bertossa, S. (2010) · PubMed · doi:10.3109/00048674.2010.497753 · Cited by 54 · see citing works
Self-citationMental Health Workers’ Views on Addressing Tobacco Use
Ashton, M., Lawn, S., & Hosking, J. R. (2010) · Australian & New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.3109/00048674.2010.488637 · Cited by 48 · see citing works
Self-citationSmoking cessation in persons with serious mental illnesses: The experience of successful quitters.
Dickerson, F., Bennett, M. E., Dixon, L. B., Burke, E., Vaughan, C., Delahanty, J. C., & DiClemente, C. C. (2011) · Psychiatric Rehabilitation Journal · doi:10.2975/34.4.2011.311.316 · Cited by 37 · see citing works
Specifying Cigarette Smoking and Quitting among People with Serious Mental Illness
Lucksted, A. A., McGuire, C., Postrado, L. T., Kreyenbuhl, J. A., & Dixon, L. B. (2004) · American Journal on Addictions · doi:10.1080/10550490490436000 · Cited by 35 · see citing works
Outcome from a Community-based Smoking Cessation Program for Persons with Serious Mental Illness
Currie, S. R., Karltyn, J., Lussier, D., de Denus, E., Brown, D., & el‐Guebaly, N. (2007) · Community Mental Health Journal · doi:10.1007/s10597-007-9113-8 · Cited by 31 · see citing works
Flagged first, then by citations
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Firth, J., Siddiqi, N., Koyanagi, A., Siskind, D., Rosenbaum, S., Galletly, C., Allan, S., Caneo, C., Carney, R., Carvalho, A. F., et al. (2019) · The Lancet Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/s2215-0366(19)30132-4 · Cited by 1,531 · see citing works
Self-citationAchieving Smoke-Free Mental Health Services: Lessons from the Past Decade of Implementation Research
Lawn, S., & Campion, J. (2013) · International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health · doi:10.3390/ijerph10094224 · Cited by 85 · see citing works
Chronic disease health risk behaviours amongst people with a mental illness
Bartlem, K. M., Bowman, J., Bailey, J. M., Freund, M., Wye, P. M., Lecathelinais, C., McElwaine, K., Campbell, E. M., Gillham, K. E., & Wiggers, J. H. (2015) · Australian & New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1177/0004867415569798 · Cited by 64 · see citing works
Hawes, M. R., Roth, K. B., & Cabassa, L. J. (2021) · Journal of Dual Diagnosis · doi:10.1080/15504263.2021.1944712 · Cited by 39 · see citing works
Suetani, S., Rosenbaum, S., Scott, J. G., Curtis, J., & Ward, P. B. (2016) · Epidemiology and Psychiatric Sciences · doi:10.1017/s2045796015001043 · Cited by 37 · see citing works
The Quit Experience and Concerns of Smokers With Psychiatric Illness
Tulloch, H. E., Pipe, A., Clyde, M. J., Reid, R. D., & Els, C. (2015) · American Journal of Preventive Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.amepre.2015.11.006 · Cited by 32 · see citing works
Evaluation of a community-based smoking cessation programme for people with severe mental illness
Ashton, M., Rigby, A., & Galletly, C. (2015) · Tobacco Control · doi:10.1136/tobaccocontrol-2013-051179 · Cited by 25 · see citing works
Self-citationHappell, B., Stanton, R., Hoey, W., & Scott, D. S. (2014) · Issues in Mental Health Nursing · doi:10.3109/01612840.2013.842619 · Cited by 24 · see citing works
What Physical Health Means to Me: Perspectives of People with Mental Illness
Happell, B., Ewart, S. B., Platania‐Phung, C., Bocking, J., Scholz, B., & Stanton, R. (2016) · Issues in Mental Health Nursing · doi:10.1080/01612840.2016.1226999 · Cited by 23 · see citing works
Flitter, A., Lubitz, S. F., Ziedonis, D. M., Stevens, N., Leone, F. T., Mandell, D. S., Kimberly, J. R., Lopez, O., Beidas, R. S., & Schnoll, R. A. (2018) · Nicotine & Tobacco Research · doi:10.1093/ntr/nty239 · Cited by 23 · see citing works
Coventry, P. A., Young, B., Balogun, A., Taylor, J., Brown, J. V. E., Kitchen, C. E. W., Kellar, I., Peckham, E. J., Bellass, S., Wright, J. M., et al. (2021) · Frontiers in Psychiatry · doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2021.723962 · Cited by 21 · see citing works
Happell, B., Galletly, C. A., Castle, D. J., Platania‐Phung, C., Stanton, R., Scott, D. S., McKenna, B., Millar, F., Liu, D., Browne, M., et al. (2015) · International Journal of Mental Health Nursing · doi:10.1111/inm.12142 · Cited by 20 · see citing works
Self-citationLawn, S., Feng, Y., Tsourtos, G., & Campion, J. (2014) · International Journal of Social Psychiatry · doi:10.1177/0020764014553002 · Cited by 20 · see citing works
Smoking Cessation Apps for People with Schizophrenia: How Feasible Are m-Health Approaches?
Sawyer, C. S., Hassan, L., Guinart, D., Agulleiro, L. M. M., & Firth, J. (2022) · Behavioral Sciences · doi:10.3390/bs12080265 · Cited by 19 · see citing works
Kemp, V., Fisher, C. M., Lawn, S., Battersby, M., & Isaac, M. (2014) · International Journal of Mental Health Promotion · doi:10.1080/14623730.2014.931069 · Cited by 16 · see citing works
Do population-wide tobacco control approaches help smokers with mental illness?
Ashton, M., Rigby, A., & Galletly, C. A. (2013) · Australian & New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1177/0004867413502093 · Cited by 16 · see citing works
Self-citationTwyman, L., Cowles, C., Walsberger, S. C., Baker, A., Bonevski, B., & the Tackling Tobacco Mental Health Advisory Group (2019) · Frontiers in Psychiatry · doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2019.00503 · Cited by 15 · see citing works
Happell, B., Stanton, R., Platania‐Phung, C., McKenna, B., & Scott, D. S. (2014) · Issues in Mental Health Nursing · doi:10.3109/01612840.2014.896061 · Cited by 15 · see citing works
Happell, B., Platania‐Phung, C., Webster, S., McKenna, B., Millar, F., Stanton, R., Galletly, C. A., Castle, D. J., Furness, T., Liu, D., et al. (2015) · Australian Health Review · doi:10.1071/ah14098 · Cited by 14 · see citing works
Self-citationMeurk, C., Ford, P. J., Sharma, R., Fitzgerald, L., & GARTNER, C. E. (2016) · International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health · doi:10.3390/ijerph13111166 · Cited by 14 · see citing works
Lawn, S., van Agteren, J. E., Zabeen, S., Bertossa, S., Barton, C., & Stewart, J. (2018) · International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health · doi:10.3390/ijerph15020254 · Cited by 14 · see citing works
Small steps: physical health promotion for people living with mental illness
Kemp, V., Fisher, C. M., Lawn, S., Battersby, M., & Isaac, M. (2015) · International Journal of Mental Health Promotion · doi:10.1080/14623730.2015.1010370 · Cited by 8 · see citing works
Prestigiacomo, C. J., Fisher-Fox, L., & Cyders, M. A. (2024) · Drug and Alcohol Dependence Reports · doi:10.1016/j.dadr.2024.100300 · Cited by 7 · see citing works
Physical activity and severe mental illness
Fibbins, H., Lederman, O., & Rosenbaum, S. (2021) · Society for Transparency, Openness, and Replication in Kinesiology eBooks · doi:10.51224/b1017 · Cited by 7 · see citing works
Kertes, J., Neumark, Y. D., Grunhaus, L. J., & Stein-Reisner, O. (2021) · Journal of Dual Diagnosis · doi:10.1080/15504263.2021.1979348 · Cited by 6 · see citing works
Fibbins, H., Ward, P. B., Morell, R., Lederman, O., Teasdale, S. B., Davies, K., McGuigan, B., & Curtis, J. (2024) · Journal of Psychiatric and Mental Health Nursing · doi:10.1111/jpm.13052 · Cited by 5 · see citing works
Johnson, S. E., Mitrou, F., Lawrence, D. M., Zubrick, S. R., Wolstencroft, K., Ennals, P., Hall, C., & McNaught, E. (2020) · Community Mental Health Journal · doi:10.1007/s10597-020-00573-z · Cited by 4 · see citing works
Lessons Learned From the Trial of a Cardiometabolic Health Nurse
Happell, B., Hodgetts, D., Stanton, R., Millar, F., Platania‐Phung, C., & Scott, D. S. (2014) · Perspectives In Psychiatric Care · doi:10.1111/ppc.12091 · Cited by 4 · see citing works
Kaasgaard, D. M., Sørensen, M. K., Christiansen, R. B., Breum, U. N., Asiamah, N., Friis, L. B. T., & Hjorth, P. (2024) · Nordic Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1080/08039488.2024.2318305 · Cited by 3 · see citing works
Twyman, L., Walsberger, S. C., Baker, A., Ahmadi, S., Oldmeadow, C. J., Weber, M. F., Lawn, S., Hefler, M., Bowman, J., Boss, P., et al. (2025) · Addiction · doi:10.1111/add.16733 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Discussion, debate and some areas for positive action
Jorm, A. F. (2013) · Australian & New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1177/0004867413494094 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Interventions for smoking cessation in psychiatric settings
Čivljak, M., Bilić, P., & Milošević, M. (2015) · Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews · doi:10.1002/14651858.cd011722 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
RetractedInterventions for smoking cessation in psychiatric settings
Čivljak, M., Bilić, P., & Milošević, M. (2018) · Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews · doi:10.1002/14651858.cd011722.pub2 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Smokers with Severe Mental Illness
Ashton, M., Carnell, B. L., & Galletly, C. A. (2016) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-800213-1.00024-9
Self-citationHahn, L. A. (2017) · Adelaide Research & Scholarship (AR&S) (University of Adelaide)
Sawyer, C. S., Hassan, L., Torous, J. B., Bucci, S., Crane, D., Sainsbury, J., Warrender, E., Gilbody, S. M., Lovell, K., & Firth, J. (2026) · Journal of Mental Health · doi:10.1080/09638237.2026.2672338
Understanding Nicotine Use in Schizophrenia Through a Psychosocial Lens: A Narrative Review
Shibin, F., Antony, S., Shreedevi, A. U., Mahadevan, J., & Reddi, V. S. K. (2026) · Journal of Dual Diagnosis · doi:10.1080/15504263.2026.2726798
- Authors
- Ashton, M., Rigby, A., & Galletly, C.
- Affiliations
- Adelaide Health Service, Mental Health Directorate, Department for Health and Ageing, Adelaide, Australia
- Ramsay Health Care (Australia) (AU)
- ORCID
- Galletly, Cherrie
- Venue
- Australian & New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry
- Publisher
- SAGE Publications
- Published
- 2013-03-14
- Volume
- 47
- Issue
- 7
- Pages
- 631-636
- ISSN
- 0004-8674 (ISSN-L)
- 1440-1614
- OpenAlex
- W2122685367
- Cited by
- 37
- References
- 22
- Citations by year
- 2026: 2 · 2025: 1 · 2024: 3 · 2022: 1 · 2021: 4 · 2020: 1 · 2019: 2 · 2018: 3 · 2017: 1 · 2016: 4 · 2015: 6 · 2014: 5 · 2013: 4
- FWCI
- 4.40
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Australian & New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Adelaide Research & Scholarship (AR&S) (University of Adelaide) (submittedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Smoking Behavior and Cessation
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Epidemiology › Substance Abuse Treatment and Outcomes
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Social Psychology › Mental Health Treatment and Access
- Keywords
- smoking cessation, tobacco use, severe mental illness, motivation to quit, health concerns, mental health services
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Mental Disorders, Female, Humans, Male, Mental Health Services, Middle Aged, Motivation, Surveys and Questionnaires, Smoking, Tobacco Use Disorder, Smoking Cessation
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
