Maximizing the Benefits of Participatory Design for Human–Robot Interaction Research With Older Adults
Open accessAbstract
Objective: We reviewed human–robot interaction (HRI) participatory design (PD) research with older adults. The goal was to identify methods used, determine their value for design of robots with older adults, and provide guidance for best practices. Background: Assistive robots may promote aging-in-place and quality of life for older adults. However, the robots must be designed to meet older adults’ specific needs and preferences. PD and other user-centered methods may be used to engage older adults in the robot development process to accommodate their needs and preferences and to assure usability of emergent assistive robots. Method: This targeted review of HRI PD studies with older adults draws on a detailed review of 26 articles. Our assessment focused on the HRI methods and their utility for use with older adults who have a range of needs and capabilities. Results: Our review highlighted the importance of using mixed methods and including multiple stakeholders throughout the design process. These approaches can encourage mutual learning (to improve design by developers and to increase acceptance by users). We identified key phases used in HRI PD workshops (e.g., initial interview phase, series of focus groups phase, and presentation phase). These approaches can provide inspiration for future efforts. Conclusion: HRI PD strategies can support designers in developing assistive robots that meet older adults’ needs, capabilities, and preferences to promote acceptance. More HRI research is needed to understand potential implications for aging-in-place. PD methods provide a promising approach.
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Older adults can be physically unable to participate in study activities, which can lead to certain populations being left out or opting out of participation, limiting representation in design work.
“Older adults can be physically unable to participate in study activities ( e.g. , due to physical disability [35] or inability to reach study sites [14]), which can lead to certain populations being left out or opting out of participation, limiting representation in design work;”
From Situated Participatory Design: A Method for In Situ Design of Robotic Interaction with Older Adults (2023) · cites this paper as [35]
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- Authors
- Rogers, W. A., Kadylak, T., & Bayles, M. A.
- Affiliations
- University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign (US)
- Corresponding author
- Rogers, Wendy A.
- Venue
- Human Factors: The Journal of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society
- Publisher
- SAGE Publications
- Published
- 2021-08-30
- Volume
- 64
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 441-450
- ISSN
- 0018-7208 (ISSN-L)
- 1547-8181
- PMC
- PMC10645376
- OpenAlex
- W3196602375
- Cited by
- 97
- References
- 38
- Citations by year
- 2026: 32 · 2025: 28 · 2024: 15 · 2023: 13 · 2022: 9
- FWCI
- 9.06
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Locations
- Human Factors The Journal of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- PhilPapers (PhilPapers Foundation) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institute on Disability, Independent Living, and Rehabilitation Research (90REGE0006-01-00)
- National Institute on Aging (Grant P01 AG17211)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Social Psychology › Social Robot Interaction and HRI
- Social Sciences › Demography › Technology Use by Older Adults
- Physical Sciences › Computer Science › Human-Computer Interaction › Innovative Human-Technology Interaction
- Keywords
- participatory design, human-robot interaction, older adults, assistive robots, aging in place, user-centered design, robot acceptance, stakeholder engagement, mixed methods, design workshop, usability
- MeSH terms
- Aged, Humans, Quality of Life, Robotics, Self-Help Devices, Focus Groups
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