Robots for Joy, Robots for Sorrow: Community Based Robot Design for Dementia Caregivers
Abstract
Many new technologies are being built to support people with dementia. However, they largely focus on the people with dementia; consequently, informal caregivers, one of the most important stakeholders in dementia care, remain invisible within the technology design space. In this paper, we present a six-month long, community-based design research process where we collaborated with dementia caregiver support groups to design robots for dementia caregiving. The contributions of this paper are threefold. First, we broaden the context of dementia robot design to give a more prominent role to informal family care-givers in the co-design process. Second, we provide new design guidelines that contextualize robots within the family caregiving paradigm, which suggest new roles and behaviors of robots. These include lessening emotional labor by communicating information caregivees do not want to hear (e.g., regarding diet or medication) or providing redirection during emotionally difficult times, as well as facilitating positive shared moments. Third, our work found connections between certain robot attributes and their relationship to the stage of dementia a caregivee is experiencing. For example, caregivers wanted their robots to facilitate interaction with their caregivees in early stages of dementia, yet be in the background. However, for later stages of dementia, they wanted robots to replace caregiver-caregivee interaction to lessen their emotional burden, and be foregrounded. These connections provide important insights in to how we think about adaptability and long-term interaction in HRI. We hope our work provides new avenues for HRI researchers to studying robots for dementia caregivers by engaging in community-based design.
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Moharana et al. support that informal caregivers are often invisible within the design space.
“Moharana et al. [62] support this in their work, stating that informal caregivers are often invisible within the design space.”
From Participatory Design, Development, and Testing of Assistive Health Robots with Older Adults: An International Four-year Project (2022) · cites this paper as [62]
Including caregivers of older adults helped them to understand the role that robots could play at each stage of dementia.
“They found that including caregivers of older adults helped them to understand the role that robots could play at each stage of dementia.”
From Participatory Design, Development, and Testing of Assistive Health Robots with Older Adults: An International Four-year Project (2022) · cites this paper as [62]
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Self-citationReimagining Robots for Dementia
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Self-citationDigital and computational demography
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Participatory Design of a Robotic Mental Well-being Coach
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Socially Assistive Robots and Sensory Feedback for Engaging Older Adults in Cognitive Activities
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Robots for Social Justice (R4SJ): Toward a More Equitable Practice of Human-Robot Interaction
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“…enhance that capability, i.e., through design guidelines for robots to be developed to help caregivers) , explicitly discussed the emotional diligence required from dementia caregivers, and explicitly discussed the need to ease this burden (discussion of the concrete needs of this community) [39].”
BackgroundThe Role of Conversational AI in Ageing and Dementia Care at Home: A Participatory Study
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Designing Robots for Aging: Wisdom as a Critical Lens
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Self-citation"Give it Time:" Longitudinal Panels Scaffold Older Adults' Learning and Robot Co-Design
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CARMEN: A Cognitively Assistive Robot for Personalized Neurorehabilitation at Home
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Iris: A Low-Cost Telemedicine Robot to Support Healthcare Safety and Equity During a Pandemic
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Self-citationAlgorithmic Rights and Protections for Children
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Technological applications of social robots to create healthy and comfortable smart home environment
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Robot in the loop: a human-centered approach to contextualizing AI and robotics in construction
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Beyond Vacuuming: How Can We Exploit Domestic Robots' Idle Time?
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Social Robots in Care Homes for Older Adults
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Applying “Designerly Framing” to Understand Assisted Feeding as Social Aesthetic Bodily Experiences
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User-centered Exploration of Robot Design for Hospitals in COVID-19 Pandemic
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Cyclic Task-Based Affordable Robot for Medicine-Intake Purpose of COVID-19 Patient
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Robo-Identity: Designing for Identity in the Shared World
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Companion Robots for Older Adults : A Mixed-Methods Approach to Deployments in Care Homes
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Assistive Robotics for Healthy Aging: A Foundational Phenomenological Co-Design Exercise
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From care practices to speculative vignettes–design considerations for robots in good care
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Bringing Emotions into Practice: A Framework for AI Design to Support Emotion Work
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SHEBA: A Low-Cost Assistive Robot for Older Adults in the Developing World
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Designing a Multimodal Robot Pet for Older Adults by Young Adults
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Behavior Adaptation for Robot-assisted Neurorehabilitation
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Clinicians’ Opinions, Suggestions, and Concerns Using Social Robots in Psychological Practice
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Dealing with Problematic Asymmetries in Caregiving Relationships: A Role for Social Robots?
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- Authors
- Moharana, S., Panduro, A. E., Lee, H. R., & Riek, L. D.
- Affiliations
- University of California San Diego (US)
- Venue
- 2019 14th ACM/IEEE International Conference on Human-Robot Interaction (HRI)
- Publisher
- IEEE
- Published
- 2019-03
- Pages
- 458-467
- OpenAlex
- W2931420217
- Cited by
- 104
- References
- 81
- Citations by year
- 2026: 14 · 2025: 14 · 2024: 26 · 2023: 14 · 2022: 14 · 2021: 14 · 2020: 4 · 2019: 4
- FWCI
- 14.86
- Type
- conference paper
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Licence
- Locations
- ACM/IEEE International Conference on Human-Robot Interaction (HRI) (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Social Psychology › Social Robot Interaction and HRI
- Physical Sciences › Computer Science › Human-Computer Interaction › Innovative Human-Technology Interaction
- Social Sciences › Demography › Technology Use by Older Adults
- Keywords
- dementia caregiving, informal caregivers, assistive robots, human-robot interaction, community-based design, co-design, design guidelines, emotional labor, family caregiving, robot adaptability, long-term interaction, caregiver support groups
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