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Need Satisfaction and Well-Being: Testing Self-Determination Theory in Eight Cultures
Abstract
According to Self-Determination Theory (SDT), satisfaction of needs for autonomy, competence, and relatedness is a universal requirement for psychological well-being. We tested this hypothesis with college students in the United States, Australia, Mexico, Venezuela, the Philippines, Malaysia, China, and Japan. Participants rated the extent to which these needs, plus needs for self-actualization and pleasure-stimulation, were satisfied in various roles and reported their general hedonic (i.e., positive and negative affect) and eudaimonic (e.g., meaning in life, personal growth) well-being. Asian participants averaged lower than non-Asian participants in perceived satisfaction of autonomy, competence, and self-actualization needs and in most aspects of eudaimonic well-being, and these differences were partially accounted for by differences in dialecticism and independent self-construals. Nonetheless, perceived need satisfaction predicted overall well-being to a similar degree in all cultures and in most cultures provided incremental prediction beyond the Big Five traits. Perceived imbalance in the satisfaction of different needs also modestly predicted well-being, particularly negative affect. The study extended support for the universal importance of SDT need satisfaction to several new cultures.
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“For instance, having provided evidence for the measurement equivalence of the BPNSNF scale across Chinese, Belgian, American, and Peruvian university students, Chen et al. (2015a) reported that their need-based model held across different countries (see also Church et al. 2013;Sheldon et al. 2011;Taylor and Lonsdale 2010).”
From Basic psychological need theory: Advancements, critical themes, and future directions (2020) · cites this paper as Church et al. 2013
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Metadata
- Authors
- Church, A. T., Katigbak, M. S., Locke, K. D., Zhang, H., Shen, J., de Jesús Vargas-Flores, J., Ibáñez-Reyes, J., Tanaka-Matsumi, J., Curtis, G. J., Cabrera, H. F., Mastor, K. A., Alvarez, J. M., Ortiz, F. A., Simon, J.-Y. R., & Ching, C. M.
- Affiliations
- Washington State University (US)
- University of Idaho (US)
- Beijing Normal University (CN)
- National Autonomous University of Mexico, Iztacala, Mexico City, Mexico
- Kwansei Gakuin University, Nishinomiya-City, Hyogoken, Japan
- Murdoch University (AU)
- University of Santo Tomas (PH)
- National University of Malaysia (MY)
- Gonzaga University (US)
- Universidad Central de Venezuela (VE)
- ORCID
- Venue
- Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology
- Publisher
- SAGE Publications
- Published
- 2012-11-08
- Volume
- 44
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- 507-534
- ISSN
- 0022-0221 (ISSN-L)
- 1552-5422
- OpenAlex
- W2095937489
- Cited by
- 335
- References
- 89
- Citations by year
- 2026: 20 · 2025: 32 · 2024: 30 · 2023: 25 · 2022: 41 · 2021: 41 · 2020: 27 · 2019: 32 · 2018: 24 · 2017: 14 · 2016: 11 · 2015: 15 · 2014: 14 · 2013: 5 · 2012: 3
- FWCI
- 17.85
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- National Science Foundation
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Social Psychology › Motivation and Self-Concept in Sports
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Social Psychology › Psychological Well-being and Life Satisfaction
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Social Psychology › Cultural Differences and Values
- Keywords
- self-determination theory, need satisfaction, psychological well-being, autonomy, competence, relatedness, self-realization, eudaimonic well-being, hedonic well-being, cross-cultural comparison, Asian participants, dialecticism, independent self-construal, Big Five personality traits, negative affect, meaning in life, personal growth
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
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