The DOI matches its Crossref record; 46 of the 46 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Using Kindergarten Number Sense to Predict Calculation Fluency in Second Grade
Open accessAbstract
Children's number sense in kindergarten was used to predict their calculation fluency in second grade ( N = 198). Using block entry regression, usual predictors of age, reading, memory, and verbal and spatial cognition were entered in the first block and number sense measures were added in the second block. Number sense measures contributed a significant amount of variance over and above the more general predictors (26%—42%). Uniquely predictive subareas were active memory for numbers, number knowledge, and number combinations, with number combinations standing out as the strongest single predictor. Number sense screening in kindergarten, using “at-risk” versus “not-at-risk” criteria, successfully ruled out 84% of the children who did not go on to have calculation fluency difficulties and positively identified 52% of the children who later showed fluency difficulties. The relation of early number skills to later calculation fluency has important implications for math screening and intervention.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
National Council of Teachers of Mathematics
(1979) · The Mathematics Teacher · doi:10.5951/mt.72.8.0637 · Cited by 8,499
Wechsler Abbreviated Scale of Intelligence
Dumont, R., Willis, J. O., Veizel, K., & Zibulsky, J. (2014) · Encyclopedia of Special Education · doi:10.1002/9781118660584.ese2519 · Cited by 5,521
Wechsler Abbreviated Scale of Intelligence
Wechsler, D. (2012) · PsycTESTS Dataset · doi:10.1037/t15170-000 · Cited by 4,596
Mathematical disabilities: Cognitive, neuropsychological, and genetic components.
Geary, D. C. (1993) · Psychological Bulletin · doi:10.1037//0033-2909.114.2.345 · Cited by 1,065
Dehaene, S., & Cohen, L. (1997) · Cortex · doi:10.1016/s0010-9452(08)70002-9 · Cited by 924
Developmental dyscalculia and basic numerical capacities: a study of 8–9-year-old students
Landerl, K., Bevan, A., & Butterworth, B. (2004) · Cognition · doi:10.1016/j.cognition.2003.11.004 · Cited by 907
Early Identification and Interventions for Students With Mathematics Difficulties
Gersten, R., Jordan, N. C., & Flojo, J. R. (2005) · Journal of Learning Disabilities · doi:10.1177/00222194050380040301 · Cited by 823
Self-citationJordan, N. C., Kaplan, D., Nabors Oláh, L., & Locuniak, M. N. (2006) · Child Development · doi:10.1111/j.1467-8624.2006.00862.x · Cited by 696
Self-citationGeary, D. C., Hamson, C. O., & Hoard, M. K. (2000) · Journal of Experimental Child Psychology · doi:10.1006/jecp.2000.2561 · Cited by 665
Fletcher, J. M., Shaywitz, S. E., Shankweiler, D. P., & Katz, L. (1994) · Journal of Educational Psychology · doi:10.1037//0022-0663.86.1.6 · Cited by 648
Cited by
Cognitive predictors of achievement growth in mathematics: A 5-year longitudinal study.
Geary, D. C. (2011) · Developmental Psychology · doi:10.1037/a0025510 · Cited by 836
The importance of number sense to mathematics achievement in first and third grades
Jordan, N. C., Glutting, J., & Ramineni, C. (2010) · Learning and Individual Differences · doi:10.1016/j.lindif.2009.07.004 · Cited by 471
Self-citationDyslexia and dyscalculia: two learning disorders with different cognitive profiles
Landerl, K., Fussenegger, B., Moll, K., & Willburger, E. (2009) · Journal of Experimental Child Psychology · doi:10.1016/j.jecp.2009.03.006 · Cited by 409
Executive functions as predictors of math learning disabilities
Toll, S. W. M., Van der Ven, S. H. G., Kroesbergen, E. H., & Van Luit, J. E. H. (2011) · Journal of Learning Disabilities · doi:10.1177/0022219410387302 · Cited by 281
Bull, R., Espy, K. A., Wiebe, S. A., Sheffield, T. D., & Nelson, J. M. (2011) · Developmental Science · doi:10.1111/j.1467-7687.2010.01012.x · Cited by 176
Metadata
- Authors
- Locuniak, M. N., & Jordan, N. C.
- Venue
- Journal of Learning Disabilities
- Publisher
- SAGE Publications
- Published
- 2008-09
- Volume
- 41
- Issue
- 5
- Pages
- 451-459
- ISSN
- 0022-2194 (ISSN-L)
- 1538-4780
- OpenAlex
- W2086209126
- Cited by
- 300
- References
- 46
- FWCI
- 12.73
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
How to cite
Cite CoChat for the checks on this page, and the paper for its own findings.
- This page
- CoChat. (2026). Citation check: Using Kindergarten Number Sense to Predict Calculation Fluency in Second Grade. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1177/0022219408321126
- The paper
- Locuniak, M. N., & Jordan, N. C. (2008). Using Kindergarten Number Sense to Predict Calculation Fluency in Second Grade. Journal of Learning Disabilities. https://doi.org/10.1177/0022219408321126
Data sources
Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.
Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.
