The DOI matches its Crossref record; 1 of the 1 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Measure Validation in Marketing
Abstract
If marketers want to know the meaning of their measures, they must turn to measure validation, which consists of determining the extent to which measures correlate (convergent validity) and predictably do not correlate (discriminant validity).
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
Personality and consumer behavior: A review
Kassarjian, H. H. (1971) · Journal of Marketing Research · doi:10.1177/002224377100800401 · Cited by 601
Cited by
A Paradigm for Developing Better Measures of Marketing Constructs
Churchill, G. A. (1979) · Journal of Marketing Research · doi:10.1177/002224377901600110 · Cited by 16,549
Construct Validity: A Review of Basic Issues and Marketing Practices
Peter, J. P. (1981) · Journal of Marketing Research · doi:10.2307/3150948 · Cited by 1,189
Components of perceived risk in product purchase: A cross-validation.
Kaplan, L. B., Szybillo, G. J., & Jacoby, J. (1974) · Journal of Applied Psychology · doi:10.1037/h0036657 · Cited by 696
On assuring valid measures for theoretical models using survey data
Ping, R. A. (2004) · Journal of Business Research · doi:10.1016/s0148-2963(01)00297-1 · Cited by 485
On the External Validity of Experiments in Consumer Research
Lynch, Jr. (1982) · Journal of Consumer Research · doi:10.1086/208919 · Cited by 469
Metadata
- Authors
- Heeler, R. M., & Ray, M. L.
- Venue
- Journal of Marketing Research
- Publisher
- SAGE Publications
- Published
- 1972-11
- Volume
- 9
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- 361-370
- ISSN
- 0022-2437 (ISSN-L)
- 1547-7193
- OpenAlex
- W2323322979
- Cited by
- 226
- References
- 1
- FWCI
- 8.82
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
How to cite
Cite CoChat for the checks on this page, and the paper for its own findings.
- This page
- CoChat. (2026). Citation check: Measure Validation in Marketing. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1177/002224377200900401
- The paper
- Heeler, R. M., & Ray, M. L. (1972). Measure Validation in Marketing. Journal of Marketing Research. https://doi.org/10.1177/002224377200900401
Data sources
Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.
Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.
