The DOI matches its Crossref record; 20 of the 22 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
A Paradigm for Developing Better Measures of Marketing Constructs
Abstract
A critical element in the evolution of a fundamental body of knowledge in marketing, as well as for improved marketing practice, is the development of better measures of the variables with which marketers work. In this article an approach is outlined by which this goal can be achieved and portions of the approach are illustrated in terms of a job satisfaction measure.
Overview
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
In the citing paper
“In doing so, we followed widely accepted methodological guidelines and frameworks ( Churchill 1979; De Vellis 2003; Hinkin 1998; MacKenzie et al. 2011).”
From Trust in the Sharing Economy (2016) · cites this paper as Churchill 1979
In the citing paper
“thus contributing to the establishment of content validity for the preliminary CBE scale.”
From Consumer Brand Engagement in Social Media: Conceptualization, Scale Development and Validation (2014) · cites this paper as Churchill 1979
In the citing paper
“The Cronbach Alpha for EU was 0.68 and the Cronbach Alpha for FU was 0.73.These reliabilities are seen as weak but acceptable (Churchill, 1979).”
From How personal nostalgia influences giving to charity (2011) · cites this paper as Churchill (1979)
Citations
Cites
Coefficient Alpha and the Internal Structure of Tests
Cronbach, L. J. (1951) · Psychometrika · doi:10.1007/bf02310555 · Cited by 43,931
Convergent and discriminant validation by the multitrait-multimethod matrix.
Campbell, D. T., & Fiske, D. W. (1959) · Psychological Bulletin · doi:10.1037/h0046016 · Cited by 17,116
The critical incident technique.
Flanagan, J. C. (1954) · Psychological Bulletin · doi:10.1037/h0061470 · Cited by 8,191
Rogelberg, S. G. (2007) · Sage eBooks · doi:10.4135/9781412952651.n55 · Cited by 5,309
Torgerson, W. S. (1958) · Medical Entomology and Zoology · Cited by 2,920
Book Review: The Theory of Buyer Behavior
Bither, S. W., Howard, J. A., & Sheth, J. N. (1971) · Journal of Marketing · doi:10.2307/1250571 · Cited by 2,805
Focus Groups and the Nature of Qualitative Marketing Research
Calder, B. J. (1977) · Journal of Marketing Research · doi:10.2307/3150774 · Cited by 729
The Nature and Scope of Marketing
Hunt, S. D. (1976) · Journal of Marketing · doi:10.1177/002224297604000304 · Cited by 615
Measuring the Job Satisfaction of Industrial Salesmen
Churchill, G. A., Ford, N. M., & Walker, O. C. (1974) · Journal of Marketing Research · doi:10.1177/002224377401100303 · Cited by 615
Self-citationTheory of Psychological Measurement
(1965) · Students Quarterly Journal · doi:10.1049/sqj.1965.0018 · Cited by 382
Research works printed but not linked: 11
- BohrnstedtGeorge W. “Reliability and Validity Assessment in Attitude Measurement,” in SummersGene F., ed., Attitude Measurement. Chicago: Rand McNally and Company, 1970, 80–99.
- BuzzellRobert D. “Is Marketing a Science,” Harvard Business Review, 41 (January–February 1963), 32–48.
- CampbellJohn P. “Psychometric Theory,” in DunetteMarvin D., ed., Handbook of Industrial and Organizational Psychology. Chicago: Rand McNally, Inc., 1976, 185–222.
- ConversePaul D. “The Development of a Science in Marketing,” Journal of Marketing, 10 (July 1945), 14–23.
- CzepeilJohn A., RosenbergLarry J., and AkeraleAdebayo. “Perspectives on Consumer Satisfaction,” in CurhanRonald C., ed., 1974 Combined Proceedings. Chicago: American Marketing Association, 1974, 119–23.
- GardnerBurleigh B. “Attitude Research Lacks System to Help It Make Sense,” Marketing News, 11 (May 5, 1978), 1.
- HowardJohn A. and ShethJagdish N. The Theory of Buyer Behavior. New York: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 1969.
- KerlingerFred N. Foundations of Behavioral Research, 2nd ed. New York: Holt, Rinehart, Winston, Inc., 1973.
- LeyPhilip. Quantitative Aspects of Psychological Assessment. London: Gerald Duckworth and Company, Ltd., 1972.
- NunnallyJum C. Psychometric Theory. New York: McGraw-Hill Book Company, 1967.
- SelltizClaire, WrightsmanLawrence S., and CookStuart W. Research Methods in Social Relations, 3rd ed. New York: Holt, Rinehart, and Winston, 1976.
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Items 11,601–11,700 of 16,524
Stefanidis, A., King‐Sears, M. E., & Kyriakidou, N. (2021) · Community Work & Family · doi:10.1080/13668803.2021.1984210 · Cited by 4
Ismail, A. R. (2021) · Social Business · doi:10.1362/204440821x16206324311105 · Cited by 3
Dellai, H., & Slimene, N. (2021) · International Journal of Advanced engineering Management and Science · doi:10.22161/ijaems.711.2 · Cited by 3
Monitoring hotel response management: A multidimensional approach
Cruz, Y. D. M. A., Soto, E. G., & Marrero, S. M. (2021) · International Journal of Hospitality Management · doi:10.1016/j.ijhm.2021.103127 · Cited by 3
THE CUSTOMER EXPERIENCE MEASUREMENT SCALE
TAVŞAN, N., & Erdem, Y. C. (2021) · İstanbul Ticaret Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi · doi:10.46928/iticusbe.869314 · Cited by 3
A psychometric study: The validation of a school quality assessment tool
Berbar, H., Lotfi, S., Essaoudi, M., et al. (2022) · The Education and science journal · doi:10.17853/1994-5639-2022-4-112-139 · Cited by 3
Consumer Innovativeness and Consumer Engagement: User Motivation As a Mediator
Tian, Z., & Lu, M. (2022) · Social Behavior and Personality An International Journal · doi:10.2224/sbp.11341 · Cited by 3
Balu, P., Rajasekar, A., & Ganapathy, D. M. (2022) · World Journal of Dentistry · doi:10.5005/jp-journals-10015-2063 · Cited by 3
Demarketing of Cigarette Smoking in the West Bank, Palestine
Salem, M., El-Agha, A., & Qasem, E. (2022) · Lecture notes in networks and systems · doi:10.1007/978-3-031-08954-1_92 · Cited by 3
The formation of high strategic thinking ability: a study of Chinese grassroots cadres
Xu, Z., Liu, L., & Jin, W. (2022) · International Journal of Public Leadership · doi:10.1108/ijpl-11-2021-0059 · Cited by 3
A configurational analysis of IT governance: A study of the financial services sector in Ghana
Asmah, A. E., & Kyobe, M. E. (2022) · The Electronic Journal of Information Systems in Developing Countries · doi:10.1002/isd2.12237 · Cited by 3
CONCEPTUALIZING AND OPERATIONALIZING ISLAMIC FINANCIAL LITERACY: A MULTIDIMENSIONAL FRAMEWORK
Nawi, F. A. M., Aziz, M. R. A., & Shahwan, S. (2022) · Advanced International Journal of Banking Accounting and Finance · doi:10.35631/aijbaf.411002 · Cited by 3
Andreassen, H., Gjerald, O., & Hansen, K. V. (2022) · British Food Journal · doi:10.1108/bfj-12-2021-1310 · Cited by 3
Measuring “Iconicism” through the Iconic Species Scale
Adloo, S., Green, G. T., & Boley, B. B. (2022) · Society & Natural Resources · doi:10.1080/08941920.2022.2113845 · Cited by 3
Ali, S. K. (2022) · Journal of Values-Based Leadership · doi:10.22543/1948-0733.1409 · Cited by 4
EXPLORING SUSTAINABILITY FACETS OF PRO-POOR TOURISM PROGRAMS IN INDIA
Vinodan, A., Meera, S., & Manalel, J. (2022) · ENLIGHTENING TOURISM A PATHMAKING JOURNAL · doi:10.33776/et.v12i2.7235 · Cited by 3
Hong, P. C., Hejazi, M. T., Deng, X., & Jagani, S. B. (2022) · Business Process Management Journal · doi:10.1108/bpmj-01-2022-0045 · Cited by 3
Adapting and validating global knowledge branding scales in the education services sector
Jois, A., & Chakrabarti, S. (2022) · VINE Journal of Information and Knowledge Management Systems · doi:10.1108/vjikms-01-2022-0028 · Cited by 7
Tuekam-Bopda, E.-E., Tamba, J. G., & Fopah‐Lele, A. (2022) · Transportation Safety and Environment · doi:10.1093/tse/tdac044 · Cited by 3
Rejikumar, G., Ajitha, A. A., Kalpana, P., et al. (2022) · IEEE Transactions on Engineering Management · doi:10.1109/tem.2022.3208448 · Cited by 3
Ritchie, L., & Sharpe, B. T. (2022) · Psychology · doi:10.4236/psych.2022.1310094 · Cited by 3
Örgütsel Yaratıcılık Kavramının Bibliyometrik Analiz Yöntemi ile İncelenmesi
Altıntaş, F. Ç., Altıntaş, M. H., & Işın, F. B. (2022) · International Journal of Academic Value Studies (Javstudies JAVS) · doi:10.29228/javs.65055 · Cited by 3
Development of Reliability and Validity of Social Cohesiveness Rating Scale (SCRS)
Singh, S. S., Singh, R. J., Devarani, L., Hemochandra, L., & Singh, R. S. (2022) · doi:10.48165/ijee.2023.59129 · Cited by 3
Samaraweera, M., Gelb, B. D., Bolander, W., & Zahn, W. J. (2023) · Journal of Personal Selling and Sales Management · doi:10.1080/08853134.2022.2138901 · Cited by 3
Cucato, J. D. S. T., Bizarrias, F. S., de Figueiredo, J. C. B., & Strehlau, V. I. (2022) · Future Studies Research Journal Trends and Strategies · doi:10.24023/futurejournal/2175-5825/2022.v14i1.623 · Cited by 3
Khanh, N. T., Pham, H. G., Stoffers, A., et al. (2023) · Current Psychology · doi:10.1007/s12144-023-04413-7 · Cited by 3
Impact of socioeconomic values collaboration on performance in franchising
Dubey, V. K., Matthes, J. M., & Saini, A. K. (2023) · Journal of Business Research · doi:10.1016/j.jbusres.2023.113877 · Cited by 5
Sanguinetti, V., Chauvet, V., & Goudarzi, K. (2023) · European Management Journal · doi:10.1016/j.emj.2023.04.002 · Cited by 3
Lu, Y., Huang, Q., & Wang, Y. (2023) · JUSTC · doi:10.52396/justc-2022-0128 · Cited by 3
Airport service performance at Abu Dhabi International Airport
AlHammadi, M. Y., Almheiri, M., Yatiban, A., et al. (2023) · Problems and Perspectives in Management · doi:10.21511/ppm.21(2).2023.48 · Cited by 3
Chou, S. Y., Barron, K., & Ramser, C. (2023) · Journal of Organizational Change Management · doi:10.1108/jocm-08-2022-0243 · Cited by 4
Intellectual capital and business performance in ICT companies
Lekić, N., Vapa–Tankosić, J., Mandić, S., et al. (2023) · Ekonomija teorija i praksa · doi:10.5937/etp2302044l · Cited by 3
Business students’ intentions to apply to business-to-business sales jobs: A case study
Pitman, T., Koponen, J. P., & Tarkiainen, A. (2023) · Cogent Education · doi:10.1080/2331186x.2023.2258287 · Cited by 4
Messner, W. (2023) · International Business Review · doi:10.1016/j.ibusrev.2023.102203 · Cited by 4
Baek, E., Park, E., & Oh, G. (2023) · Journal of Fashion Marketing and Management · doi:10.1108/jfmm-06-2023-0149 · Cited by 3
Tone, Readability, and Firm Performance: A Study of Chairman’s Letter Across India and China
Bhuyan, A. K., Baid, C., Baid, D., et al. (2023) · Palgrave studies in democracy, innovation, and entrepreneurship for growth · doi:10.1007/978-3-031-40439-9_3 · Cited by 3
Redirecting to sustainable menstrual products – a holistic approach for improving public health
Ahuja, P., & Singh, N. (2023) · International Journal of Human Rights in Healthcare · doi:10.1108/ijhrh-09-2023-0076 · Cited by 4
Hong, C., Wang, J., Sun, W., Wang, Y., & Zeng, Y. (2023) · Current Psychology · doi:10.1007/s12144-023-05456-6 · Cited by 3
Haski, S., Moustakas, L., Heinzen, M., et al. (2024) · Managing Sport and Leisure · doi:10.1080/23750472.2023.2299830 · Cited by 3
Jatav, S., Prakash, G., & Gupta, R. (2023) · SocioEconomic Challenges · doi:10.61093/sec.7(4).80-90.2023 · Cited by 3
Measuring Malaysian youth leadership competencies: validation and development of instrument
Mohamad, B., Akanmu, M. D., Ponnusamy, V., Yahya, S., & Omar, N. (2024) · Cogent Social Sciences · doi:10.1080/23311886.2023.2300857 · Cited by 5
Ivkov, M., Milošević, S., Dimić, N., et al. (2024) · Menadzment u hotelijerstvu i turizmu · doi:10.5937/menhottur2400000i · Cited by 3
WIDAD, B., & Mssassi, S. (2024) · Journal of Humanities and Social Sciences Studies · doi:10.32996/jhsss.2024.6.3.2 · Cited by 3
Suksutdhi, T. (2024) · GeoJournal of Tourism and Geosites · doi:10.30892/gtg.52126-1203 · Cited by 3
MUTABELEZI, W. M., & Sethibe, T. (2023) · International Journal of Innovation Management · doi:10.1142/s1363919623500433 · Cited by 3
Uzaktan Eğitim Sisteminin Başarısını Etkileyen Faktörlerin Belirlenmesi
Eren, A. (2024) · Buca eğitim fakültesi dergisi (Online)/Buca Eğitim Fakültesi dergisi · doi:10.53444/deubefd.1358870 · Cited by 3
La curiosité du consommateur : synthèse bibliométrique et bibliographique
Beck, M. (2024) · Recherche et Applications en Marketing (French Edition) · doi:10.1177/07673701241228810 · Cited by 3
Chen, Y., Huang, E., & Huang, P. (2024) · International Business & Economics Studies · doi:10.22158/ibes.v6n2p124 · Cited by 4
Nastić, S., Vujko, A., & Dragosavac, M. (2024) · Ekonomika poljoprivrede · doi:10.59267/ekopolj2401275n · Cited by 3
Patient Satisfaction With Public Pharmacy Services: Structural and Policy Implications From Greece
Karakolias, S., Georgi, C. C., & Georgis, V. (2024) · Cureus · doi:10.7759/cureus.58654 · Cited by 3
Development of a Battery for the Measurement of Financial Capabilities in Young People
Durán, W. F., Chaparro, O. L. M., & Rojas, C. A. R. (2024) · Social Indicators Research · doi:10.1007/s11205-024-03336-5 · Cited by 3
Hanioti, M., Roblain, A., Azzi, A. E., et al. (2024) · International Review of Social Psychology · doi:10.5334/irsp.832 · Cited by 3
Salem, A. A. S., & Al-Dubai, M. M. (2024) · Open Journal of Business and Management · doi:10.4236/ojbm.2024.123091 · Cited by 3
Mustapa, W. N. B. W., Azizan, F. L., Wei, C. A., & Wae-esor, E. (2024) · International Journal of Public Leadership · doi:10.1108/ijpl-02-2024-0016 · Cited by 3
Mnong'one, C., Kowero, F., & Amani, D. (2024) · SAM Advanced Management Journal · doi:10.1108/samamj-05-2024-0025 · Cited by 3
Why would you choose yachting tourism? Exploring the push-pull motivations and constraints in China
Yao, Y., Zheng, R., & Parmak, M. (2024) · International Journal of Sports Marketing and Sponsorship · doi:10.1108/ijsms-02-2024-0043 · Cited by 3
Influence of personality, biases on financial risk tolerance among retail investors in India
Rao, A. S., & Lakkol, S. G. (2024) · Investment Management and Financial Innovations · doi:10.21511/imfi.21(3).2024.21 · Cited by 3
Zhang, Z., Zhou, Z., & Zhang, Y. (2024) · Applied Ergonomics · doi:10.1016/j.apergo.2024.104373 · Cited by 3
E-guanxi: Theoretical underpinnings and scale development
Zhou, W., Hyman, M. R., Liu, R., & Wang, D. (2024) · International Journal of Market Research · doi:10.1177/14707853241284764 · Cited by 3
Durand, M., & Véry, P. (2024) · Critical Perspectives on International Business · doi:10.1108/cpoib-04-2024-0035 · Cited by 4
Rohan, R., Chutimaskul, W., Roy, R., Hautamäki, J., Funilkul, S., & Pal, D. (2025) · Education and Information Technologies · doi:10.1007/s10639-024-13307-5 · Cited by 9
Tam, C. M., Lai, I. K. W., & Yang, T. (2025) · Leisure Sciences · doi:10.1080/01490400.2025.2456090 · Cited by 3
Strategic factors in SME leadership orientation towards initiating exports: India context
Jose, S., & Buchanan, F. R. (2025) · Measuring Business Excellence · doi:10.1108/mbe-02-2024-0023 · Cited by 3
Wang, K., Feng, Y., Qin, X., & Hu, Y. (2025) · Frontiers in Public Health · doi:10.3389/fpubh.2025.1470319 · Cited by 5
Badi, S. M., & Naidoo, L. (2025) · International Journal of Production Economics · doi:10.1016/j.ijpe.2025.109709 · Cited by 5
Serving the Local Community Customers: Evidence from Multi-Cultural Malaysia
Voon, B. H., Douglas, A., & Singh, B. M. (2012) · International Journal of Business and Society · Cited by 3
Alderman, D. R. (2011) · Cited by 3
Nagy, G., & Berács, J. (2013) · Vezetéstudomány / Budapest Management Review · doi:10.14267/veztud.2013.02.01 · Cited by 3
La influencia del liderazgo sobre el aprendizaje. El papel mediador del contexto organizativo
López, S. P. (2012) · Innovar · Cited by 3
The impacts of safety climate and computer self-efficacy on near-miss incident reporting intentions
Su, W. (2014) · Cited by 3
Zu den Auswirkungen von Arbeitszeitmodellen im ärztlichen Dienst von Krankenhäusern
Helmig, B., Hinz, V., Boenigk, S., & von Trotha, K. (2010) · Journal of Business Economics · doi:10.1007/s11573-009-0352-8 · Cited by 3
Evaluation of User Acceptance for Web-based Aptitude Tests
Amberg, M., Fischer, S., & Schröder, M. (2015) · Communications of the IIMA · doi:10.58729/1941-6687.1333 · Cited by 3
Line, N. D. (2013) · Cited by 3
An Innovative Excel Application to Improve Exam Reliability in Marketing Courses
Keller, C. M., & Kros, J. F. (2011) · Marketing Education Review · doi:10.2753/mer1052-8008210103 · Cited by 3
Service entry strategies into a transition economy: an Estonian case study
McKenzie, B., & Merrilees, B. (2008) · International Journal of Business and Emerging Markets · doi:10.1504/ijbem.2008.020865 · Cited by 3
Ashiabi, G. S., & Hasanen, M. M. (2012) · American Academic & Scholarly Research Journal · Cited by 3
METACOGNITION AND SOFTWARE DEVELOPER COMPETENCY: CONSTRUCT DEVELOPMENT AND EMPIRICAL VALIDATION
Ambrose, P. J. (2007) · Cited by 3
Sobihah, A. H. M., Mohamad, M., & Abidin, Z. (2014) · Cited by 3
The data warehouse as a strategic resource: a study in the Spanish financial sector
Soto, E. G., & Aponcio, Z. E. G. (2008) · International Journal of Knowledge Management Studies · doi:10.1504/ijkms.2008.019755 · Cited by 3
Theoretical construct of strategic control systems
Yaacob, Z. (2012) · Management Science Letters · doi:10.5267/j.msl.2012.06.014 · Cited by 3
An Elaborated Model of Satisfaction With Live Musical Entertainment
Minor, M. S., & Hausman, A. V. (2004) · ACR North American Advances · Cited by 3
Añaña, E. D. S., Pereira, M. D. L., & dos Anjos, F. A. (2015) · Revista Turismo em Análise · doi:10.11606/issn.1984-4867.v26i4p859-879 · Cited by 3
Magnan, G. M., Day, M., Hillenbrand, C., & Fawcett, S. E. (2017) · International Journal of Procurement Management · doi:10.1504/ijpm.2017.10003360 · Cited by 4
Structural Equation Modeling in Research on Brand Capital in Higher Education
Casanoves-Boix, J., Boluda, I. K., & López, N. V. (2016) · International Conference on Advanced Research Methods and Analytics (CARMA) · doi:10.4995/carma2016.2016.3596 · Cited by 3
LSQA Scale: A Tool for Measuring Users’ Perceptions of Service Quality in Libraries
Dash, N. K., & Padhi, P. (2016) · DESIDOC Journal of Library & Information Technology · doi:10.14429/djlit.36.4.9193 · Cited by 3
Porcu, L., del Barrio‐García, S., Alcántara‐Pilar, J. M., et al. (2016) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-658-15220-8_20 · Cited by 3
Liu, W., & Liao, B. (2015) · AFRICAN JOURNAL OF BUSINESS MANAGEMENT · doi:10.5897/ajbm2015.7898 · Cited by 3
Diseño y validación de la escala Evaluación de los Aprendizajes (EEA)
Hebles, M., Santos, M. A. D., de Eulate, C. Y. Á., & Villardón-Gallego, L. (2017) · Profesorado Revista de Currículum y Formación del Profesorado · doi:10.30827/profesorado.v21i2.10327 · Cited by 3
PERSONALITY FACTORS AS PREDICTOR OF WORKPLACE DEVIANT BEHAVIOR AMONG CIVIL SERVANTS
Perlis, U. M., Hastuti, D., Noor, I. M., Perlis, U. M., Osman, A., olej Universiti Insaniah, M., Lubis, Z., & Universitas Medan Area, I. (2017) · Jurnal Aplikasi Manajemen · doi:10.21776/ub.jam.2017.015.03.01 · Cited by 3
Massiéra, P., Trinchera, L., & Russolillo, G. (2017) · Recherche et Applications en Marketing (French Edition) · doi:10.1177/0767370117741108 · Cited by 3
Assessing Student Affective Commitment and Adjustment: The Function of Social Capital
Oja, B. D., Clopton, A. W., & Hazzaa, R. N. (2018) · College student affairs journal · doi:10.1353/csj.2018.0015 · Cited by 3
Modélisation d’un processus de co-créativité : les apports du design et du management
Dampérat, M., Jeannot, F., Jongmans, É., & Jolibert, A. J. P. (2019) · Recherche et Applications en Marketing (French Edition) · doi:10.1177/0767370119830383 · Cited by 3
Evaluating Customer Special Requests
Wang, S., Beatty, S. E., & Holloway, B. B. (2019) · Developments in marketing science: proceedings of the Academy of Marketing Science · doi:10.1007/978-3-030-02568-7_155 · Cited by 3
Social Globalization and Consumer Life Satisfaction: An Empirical Study in Malaysia
Bindah, E. V. (2019) · Contributions to economics · doi:10.1007/978-3-030-14370-1_17 · Cited by 4
Consumer Behaviour and Marketing Fundamentals for Business Data Analytics
de Vries, N. J., & Moscato, P. (2019) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-030-06222-4_2 · Cited by 3
Use of mobile apps in online shopping: Scale development and validation
Khare, A., & Sarkar, S. (2019) · International Journal of Indian Culture and Business Management · doi:10.1504/ijicbm.2020.10024549 · Cited by 3
Ko, Y. J., Kim, Y., Kim, T., Arai, A., Rhee, Y. C., & Park, C. (2019) · Sport in Society · doi:10.1080/17430437.2019.1680640 · Cited by 3
Does motivation have meaning for loyalties? Empirical study from cultural destinations in Bali
KENCANA, I. P. E. N., Darmayanti, T., & JAYANEGARA, K. (2019) · Journal of Physics Conference Series · doi:10.1088/1742-6596/1321/2/022084 · Cited by 3
Castillo, R. (2019) · TEC Empresarial · doi:10.18845/te.v13i2.4491 · Cited by 3
Metadata
- Authors
- Churchill, G. A.
- Affiliations
- University of Wisconsin–Madison (US)
- Corresponding author
- Churchill, Gilbert A.
- Venue
- Journal of Marketing Research
- Publisher
- SAGE Publications
- Published
- 1979-02
- Volume
- 16
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 64-73
- ISSN
- 0022-2437 (ISSN-L)
- 1547-7193
- OpenAlex
- W1991623719
- Semantic Scholar
- d636f05c5febe7b9f879d444d16e14d599401eeb
- Cited by
- 16,549
- References
- 22
- Citations by year
- 2026: 538 · 2025: 581 · 2024: 628 · 2023: 668 · 2022: 737 · 2021: 755 · 2020: 702 · 2019: 774 · 2018: 716 · 2017: 706 · 2016: 743 · 2015: 783 · 2014: 809 · 2013: 806 · 2012: 759
- FWCI
- 10.26
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Journal of Marketing Research (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Decision Sciences › Management Science and Operations Research › Psychometric Methodologies and Testing
- Social Sciences › Business, Management and Accounting › Marketing › Marketing and Advertising Strategies
- Social Sciences › Business, Management and Accounting › Strategy and Management › Business Strategies and Management Research
- Keywords
- measurement, construct measurement, marketing theory, marketing practice
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review