Cited by 113Spaceflight effects on biologyPharmacogenetics and Drug MetabolismSpace Exploration and Technology

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Physiological, Pharmacokinetic, and Pharmacodynamic Changes in Space

Graebe, Annemarie, Schuck, Edgar L., Lensing, Petra, Putcha, Lakshmi, Derendorf, Hartmut·2004·The Journal of Clinical Pharmacology

DOI 10.1177/0091270004267193

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Abstract

Medications have been taken since the first Mercury flight in 1967 and, since then, have been used for several indications such as space motion sickness, sleeplessness, headache, nausea, vomiting, back pain, and congestion. As the duration of space missions get longer, it is even more likely that astronauts will encounter some of the acute illnesses that are frequently seen on Earth. Microgravity environment induces several physiological changes in the human body. These changes include cardiovascular degeneration, bone decalcification, decreased plasma volume, blood flow, lymphocyte and eosinophil levels, altered hormonal and electrolyte levels, muscle atrophy, decreased blood cell mass, increased immunoglobulin A and M levels, and a decrease in the amount of microsomal P-450 and the activity of some of its dependent enzymes. These changes may be expected to have severe implications on the pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic properties of drug substances.

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Authors: Graebe, A., Schuck, E. L., Lensing, P., Putcha, L., & Derendorf, H.
Affiliations: Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey (US)
University of Florida Health (US)
Johnson Space Center (US)
ORCID: Derendorf, Hartmut
Venue: The Journal of Clinical Pharmacology
Publisher: Wiley
Published: 2004-08
Volume: 44
Issue: 8
Pages: 837-853
ISSN: 0021-9754 (ISSN-L)
0091-2700
1552-4604
DOI: 10.1177/0091270004267193
OpenAlex: W2039553908
Cited by: 113
References: 212
Citations by year: 2026: 4 · 2025: 3 · 2024: 5 · 2023: 5 · 2022: 11 · 2021: 7 · 2020: 5 · 2019: 8 · 2018: 1 · 2017: 5 · 2016: 6 · 2015: 4 · 2014: 4 · 2013: 6 · 2012: 1
FWCI: 0.74
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: closed
Licence: onlinelibrary.wiley.com/termsAndConditions#vor (vor, 3141 d)
Locations: The Journal of Clinical Pharmacology (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Topics: Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology (medical) › Spaceflight effects on biology
Life Sciences › Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics › Pharmacology › Pharmacogenetics and Drug Metabolism
Physical Sciences › Engineering › Aerospace Engineering › Space Exploration and Technology
Keywords: microgravity, spaceflight, pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics, drug metabolism, astronauts, space motion sickness, bone decalcification, muscle atrophy, immunological changes, cytochrome P450, space medicine
MeSH terms: Aerospace Medicine, Body Water, Cardiovascular Physiological Phenomena, Pharmaceutical Preparations, Enzymes, Erythrocyte Count, Female, Hemodynamics, Hormones, Humans, Immunity, Kidney, Male, Muscular Atrophy, Pharmacokinetics, Sex Factors, Sodium, Space Flight, Time Factors, Weightlessness, Bone Demineralization, Pathologic

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Physiological, Pharmacokinetic, and Pharmacodynamic Changes in Space

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