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Cited by 615

The DOI matches its Crossref record; 27 of the 27 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.

Violent Video Games and Hostile Expectations: A Test of the General Aggression Model

Bushman, Brad J., Anderson, Craig A.·2002·Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin

Abstract

Research conducted over several decades has shown that violent media increase aggression. It is now time to move beyond the question of whether violent media increase aggression to answering the question why violent media increase aggression. The present research tested whether violent video games produce a hostile expectation bias—the tendency to expect others to react to potential conflicts with aggression. Participants (N = 224) played either a violent or nonviolent video game. Next, they read ambiguous story stems about potential interpersonal conflicts. They were asked what the main character will do, say, think, and feel as the story continues. People who played a violent video game described the main character as behaving more aggressively, thinking more aggressive thoughts, and feeling more angry than did people who played a nonviolent video game. These results are consistent with the General Aggression Model.

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Crossref · 10.1177/014616702237649

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Metadata

Authors
Bushman, B. J., & Anderson, C. A.
Venue
Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin
Published
2002-12
Volume
28
Issue
12
Pages
1679-1686
ISSN
  • 0146-1672 (ISSN-L)
  • 1552-7433
OpenAlex
W2100826991
Cited by
615
References
27
FWCI
12.98
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed

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CoChat. (2026). Citation check: Violent Video Games and Hostile Expectations: A Test of the General Aggression Model. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1177/014616702237649
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Bushman, B. J., & Anderson, C. A. (2002). Violent Video Games and Hostile Expectations: A Test of the General Aggression Model. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin. https://doi.org/10.1177/014616702237649

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Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.

Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).

Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.