The DOI matches its Crossref record; 34 of the 35 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
The Development of a Rasch-Type Loneliness Scale
Open accessAbstract
This paper describes an attempt to construct a measuring instrument for loneliness that meets the cri teria of a Rasch scale. Rasch (1960, 1966) proposed a latent trait model for the unidimensional scaling of di chotomous items that does not suffer from the inade quacies of classical approaches. The resulting Rasch scale of this study, which is based on data from 1,201 employed, disabled, and jobless adults, consists of five positive and six negative items. The positive items assess feelings of belongingness, whereas the negative items apply to three separate aspects of miss ing relationships. The techniques for testing the as sumptions underlying the Rasch model are compared with their counterparts from classical test theory, and the implications for the methodology of scale con struction are discussed.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
The cited source says what the claim attributes to it.
In the citing paper
“It is likely that studies with more comprehensive measures of loneliness (e.g., the De Jong Gierveld Loneliness Scale [de Jong-Gierveld & Kamphuls, 1985)] or the UCLA loneliness scale [Russell, 1996]) are better able to detect associations between loneliness and subsequent cognitive decline.”
From Longitudinal Associations Between Loneliness and Cognitive Ability in the Lothian Birth Cohort 1936 (2019) · cites this paper as de Jong-Gierveld & Kamphuls, 1985
In the citing paper
“factor analyses of the 20-item UCLA Loneliness Scale have revealed anywhere from two to five dimensions, with second-order factor analyses yielding a single hierarchical loneliness construct.”
From Loneliness and health in older adults: a mini-review and synthesis (2016) · cites this paper as [11]
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
- STATISTICAL PACKAGE FOR SOCIAL SCIENCES
Reddy, M. V. (2014) · Apple Academic Press eBooks · doi:10.1201/b17560-26 · Cited by 12,121
Probabilistic Models for Some Intelligence and Attainment Tests
Psychology, M. (1961) · Information and Control · doi:10.1016/s0019-9958(61)80061-2 · Cited by 6,936
The Revised UCLA Loneliness Scale: concurrent and discriminant validity evidence
Russell, D., Peplau, L. A., & Cutrona, C. E. (1980) · Journal of Personality and Social Psychology · doi:10.1037/0022-3514.39.3.472 · Cited by 5,173
Cluster Analysis for Applications
(1973) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/c2013-0-06161-0 · Cited by 5,112
Applications of Item Response Theory To Practical Testing Problems
Lord, F. M. (2012) · Routledge eBooks · doi:10.4324/9780203056615 · Cited by 5,009
Hierarchical Clustering Schemes
Johnson, S. C. (1967) · Psychometrika · doi:10.1007/bf02289588 · Cited by 4,948
SPSS: statistical package for the social sciences
Nie, N. H. (1975) · Infoscience (Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne) · Cited by 3,461
Loneliness: the experience of emotional and social isolation
Weiss, R. S. (1974) · Cited by 2,513
Loneliness: A Source Book of Current Theory, Research and Therapy
Blazer, D. G. (1983) · Journal of Gerontology · doi:10.1093/geronj/38.4.492 · Cited by 2,139
Developing a measure of loneliness
Russell, D., Peplau, L. A., & Ferguson, M. L. (1978) · Journal of Personality Assessment · doi:10.1207/s15327752jpa4203_11 · Cited by 2,089
Research works printed but not linked: 17
- Anderberg, M.R., 1973, Clusteranalysis for applications
- de Jong-Gierveld, J., 1978, Essence, 2, 221
- de Jong-Gierveld, J., 1984, Eetizaamheid (Loneliness)
- Dillman, D.A., 1978, Mail and telephone surveys
- Fischer, G., 1974, Einführung in die Theorie psychologischer Tests. Bern, Switzerland
- Fischer, G., 1978, German Journal of Psychology, 2, 298
- Gustafsson, J.E., 1979, PML: A computer program for conditional estimation and testing in the Rasch model for dichotomous items (Report No. 85)
- Hartog, J., 1980, The anatomy of loneliness
- Hox, J.J., 1982, Positive and negative affect in subjective well-being: An application of the Rasch model
- Ironson, G.H. (1982). Use of chi-square and latent trait approaches for detecting item bias. In R. A. Berk (Ed.), Handbook of methods for detecting test bias (pp. 117-160). Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press.
- Molenaar, I.W. (1983a). Rasch, Mokken en schoolbeleving. In S. Lindenberg & F. N. Stokman (Eds.), Modellen in de sociologie (pp. 195-213). Deventer: Van Loghum Slaterus.
- Nederhof, A.J., 1981, Beter onderzoek
- Roskam, E.E.Ch.I. (1977). A survey of the Michigan-Israel-Netherlands-Integrated Series. In J. C. Lingoes (Ed.), Geometrical representation of relational data (pp. 289-311). Ann Arbor MI: University of Michigan.
- Roskam, E.E.Ch.I., 1982, Nederlands Tijdschrift voor de Psychologie, 37, 331
- Russell, D. (1982). The measurement of loneliness. In L. A. Peplau & D. Perlman (Eds.), Loneliness: A sourcebook of current theory, research and therapy (pp. 81-104). New York: Wiley Interscience.
- Sijtsma, K., 1983, Tijdschrift voor Onderwijsresearch, 3, 104
- van den, 1979, The Rasch model and time-limit tests
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Social Relationships and Mortality Risk: A Meta-analytic Review
Holt-Lunstad, J., Smith, T. B., & Layton, J. B. (2010) · PLoS Medicine · doi:10.1371/journal.pmed.1000316 · Cited by 7,272
Loneliness and Social Isolation as Risk Factors for Mortality: A Meta-Analytic Review
Holt-Lunstad, J., Smith, T. B., Baker, M., Harris, T., & Stephenson, D. (2015) · Perspectives on Psychological Science · doi:10.1177/1745691614568352 · Cited by 6,043
Pilkonis, P. A., Choi, S. W., Reise, S. P., Stover, A. M., Riley, W. T., Cella, D., & PROMIS Cooperative Group (2011) · Assessment · doi:10.1177/1073191111411667 · Cited by 2,132
“…measures of psychological symptoms and psychopathology has a 30-year history (Bejar, 1977; D. C. Clark, vonAmmon Cavanaugh, & Gibbons, 1983; de Jong-Gierveld & Kamphuis, 1985; Gibbons, Clark, vonAmmon Cavanaugh, & Davis, 1985; Thissen & Steinberg, 1983), although the conceptual basis for IRT…”
BackgroundWang, J., Mann, F., Lloyd-Evans, B., Ma, R., & Johnson, S. (2018) · BMC Psychiatry · doi:10.1186/s12888-018-1736-5 · Cited by 1,494
“Psychometrically robust self-report measures of loneliness have been developed and used extensively in research on physical health and on older people, including the University of California at Los Angeles (UCLA) Loneliness Scale [21] and the de Jong-Gierveld Loneliness Scale [22].”
MethodEssential elements of questionnaire design and development
Rattray, J. E., & Jones, M. C. (2007) · Journal of Clinical Nursing · doi:10.1111/j.1365-2702.2006.01573.x · Cited by 1,487
“Rasch scaling is a similar type of scale, e.g. De Jong Gierveld and Kamphuis (1985) and Kline (1993).”
Method
Metadata
- Authors
- de Jong-Gierveld, J., & Kamphuls, F.
- Affiliations
- Free University, Amsterdam
- Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam (NL)
- Venue
- Applied Psychological Measurement
- Publisher
- SAGE Publications
- Published
- 1985-09
- Volume
- 9
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 289-299
- ISSN
- 0146-6216 (ISSN-L)
- 1552-3497
- OpenAlex
- W1928146223
- Cited by
- 1,291
- References
- 35
- Citations by year
- 2026: 84 · 2025: 96 · 2024: 94 · 2023: 108 · 2022: 119 · 2021: 91 · 2020: 73 · 2019: 62 · 2018: 41 · 2017: 54 · 2016: 51 · 2015: 56 · 2014: 34 · 2013: 39 · 2012: 29
- FWCI
- 1.96
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- purl.umn.edu
- Locations
- Applied Psychological Measurement (publishedVersion)
- University of Minnesota Digital Conservancy (University of Minnesota) (submittedVersion)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Decision Sciences › Management Science and Operations Research › Psychometric Methodologies and Testing
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Applied Psychology › Psychological Testing and Assessment
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Anxiety, Depression, Psychometrics, Treatment, Cognitive Processes
- Keywords
- loneliness, Rasch model, scale development, latent trait models, dichotomous items, sense of belonging, classical test theory comparison
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
