The DOI matches its Crossref record; 47 of the 47 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
The Intergenerational Effects of Relocation Policies on Indigenous Families
Open accessAbstract
This research uses life course perspective concepts of linked lives and historical time and place to examine the multigenerational effects of relocation experiences on Indigenous families. Data were collected from a longitudinal study currently underway on four American Indian reservations in the Northern Midwest and four Canadian First Nation reserves where residents share a common Indigenous cultural heritage. This article includes information from 507 10- to 12-year-old Indigenous youth and their biological mothers who participated in the study. Results of path analysis revealed significant direct and indirect effects whereby grandparent-generation participation in government relocation programs negatively affects not only grandparent-generation well-being but also ripples out to affect subsequent generations.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
The source backs part of the claim, not all of it — or backs it for a different population, condition or comparison.
In the citing paper
“For instance, American Indians’ traumatic relocation from economically valuable lands to barren reservations (1) ruptured their cultural ways of life; (2) created a deep psychological injury and sense of traumatic loss; and (3) robbed them of health-protective flexible resources (Kirmayer et al., 2014; Walls and Whitbeck, 2012)—instigating a cultural genocide (Brave Heart et al., 2011) that under”
From Cultural trauma as a fundamental cause of health disparities (2022) · cites this paper as Walls and Whitbeck, 2012
Experimental — accuracy not yet measured
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
The CES-D Scale: A Self-Report Depression Scale for Research in the General Population
Radloff, L. S. (1977) · Applied Psychological Measurement · doi:10.1177/014662167700100306 · Cited by 53,267
The life course as developmental theory
Elder, G. H. (1998) · Child Development · doi:10.1111/j.1467-8624.1998.tb06128.x · Cited by 3,513
Maternal depression and parenting behavior
Lovejoy, M. C., Graczyk, P. A., O'Hare, E., & Neuman, G. (2000) · Clinical Psychology Review · doi:10.1016/s0272-7358(98)00100-7 · Cited by 2,667
Goodman, S. H., & Gotlib, I. H. (1999) · Psychological Review · doi:10.1037/0033-295x.106.3.458 · Cited by 2,493
The use of the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale in adolescents and young adults
Radloff, L. S. (1991) · Journal of Youth and Adolescence · doi:10.1007/bf01537606 · Cited by 1,997
Children Of The Great Depression: 25th Anniversary Edition
Elder, G. H. (1977) · Medical Entomology and Zoology · Cited by 1,135
(1995) · PhilPapers (PhilPapers Foundation) · Cited by 1,049
The American Indian Holocaust: Healing Historical Unresolved Grief
DeBruyn (1998) · American Indian and Alaska Native Mental Health Research · doi:10.5820/aian.0802.1998.60 · Cited by 1,030
Evans-Campbell, T. (2008) · Journal of Interpersonal Violence · doi:10.1177/0886260507312290 · Cited by 971
Handbook of the Sociology of Mental Health
(2013) · Handbooks of Sociology and Social Research · doi:10.1007/978-94-007-4276-5 · Cited by 922
Research works printed but not linked: 7
- Caspi A., 1988, Relationships within families, 218
- Elder G., 1974, Children of the Great Depression: Social change in life experiences
- Muthen L. K., 1998, Mplus user’s guide
- Peters E., 2002, Historical Geography, 30, 75
- Royal Commission on Aboriginal Peoples, 1996, People to people, nation to nation: Highlights from the Report of the Royal Commission on Aboriginal Peoples
- United Nations General Assembly, 1948, Resolution 260 (III)
- 10.1037/0022-3514.63.6.1036 · DOI
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Items 101–135 of 135
Environmental Justice and Sustainability
Collin, R. M., & Collin, R. W. (2021) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781108555791.010 · Cited by 1
Acceptability and feasibility of an intervention for Alaska Native and American Indian couples
Avey, J. P., Wark, K., Andrews, P., Donadio, J., Bradbury, T. N., & Outten, B. (2023) · Family Relations · doi:10.1111/fare.12986 · Cited by 1
Little Earth of United Tribes Towards Facilitating a Thriving Community
Esteva, A., Kumar, S., Kundan, G., & Venkatasamy, R. (2014) · University of Minnesota Digital Conservancy (University of Minnesota) · Cited by 1
Manzo, K. (2015) · The Research Repository @ WVU (West Virginia University) · doi:10.33915/etd.6161 · Cited by 1
Lewis, D. (2020) · DalSpace (Dalhousie University) · Cited by 1
Parke, R. D. (2013) · Wiley eBooks · doi:10.1002/9781118602386.refs · Cited by 1
Greywolf, C. T., Palakiko, D., Pokhrel, P., Vandewater, E. A., Kataoka‐Yahiro, M., & Casken, J. (2024) · doi:10.2196/preprints.68106 · Cited by 1
"I tell ya who needs educatin’”: non-Indigenous cultural self-awareness and prisoner education.
Carnes, R. (2012) · Deakin Research Online (Deakin University)
Hautala, D. S. (2016) · Lincoln (University of Nebraska)
The characteristics of family functioning with mentally ill children and adolescents
Jelkić, M., Mandić-Gajić, G., Stojanović, Z., Djokić, M., Eror, A., & Kolundžija, K. (2016) · Vojnosanitetski pregled · doi:10.2298/vsp160426283j
Thinking beyond an evidence-based model to enhance Wabanaki Health: Story, resilience and change
Jude, M. E. (2016) · DigitalCommons (California Polytechnic State University)
Healing From Generations of Trauma and the California Mental Health Services Act
Martinez, A., & Wolfe, B. (2020) · International and cultural psychology/International and cultural psychology series · doi:10.1007/978-3-030-33178-8_7
Cross-Generational Transmission of MLE Strategies
Tzuriel, D. (2021) · Social interaction in learning and development · doi:10.1007/978-3-030-75692-5_14
Madebwe, T. (2021) · Comparative Law Review · doi:10.12775/clr.2021.014
Hu, M. (2023) · SSRN Electronic Journal · doi:10.2139/ssrn.4449095
Fostering Hope Through Generations—Overcoming Trauma
Wolsey, T. D. (2023) · Springer texts in education · doi:10.1007/978-3-031-33834-2_17
Akinyemi, A. A., Jones, A., Sweeting, J. A., & Holman, E. A. (2023) · Trauma Violence & Abuse · doi:10.1177/15248380231200464
Native American Elders’ Lived Experiences During the COVID-19 Pandemic
Kelley, M., Lowe, J. R., Xie, B., & Shiroma, K. (2023) · International Journal for Human Caring · doi:10.20467/ijhc-2022-0016
James, R. S., & Paul, J. (2023) · Healthy Populations Journal · doi:10.15273/hpj.v3i4.11602
Hilbrecht, M., & Keating, N. C. (2022) · doi:10.61959/q220119z
A Conversation on Indigenous Healing and Joy in an Urban Indigenous LandscapePreprint
Alcalá, E., Baker-DeKrey, L., Fish, J., Jallen, A., Luzar, S., & Stately, A. L. (2024) · doi:10.31234/osf.io/3vrpg
Heath, M., & McKay, A. (2025) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/oxfordhb/9780197766859.013.0011
Bowe, C., Thomas, C. J., & Mackey, P. (2025) · Child and Adolescent Social Work Journal · doi:10.1007/s10560-025-01027-9
Burleson, S., Boren, C., Tobey, A., & Thomas, L. B. (2025) · Nurse Education in Practice · doi:10.1016/j.nepr.2025.104667
Maiorana, J. (2013) · eScholarship (California Digital Library)
Gillson, S. L., Hautala, D. S., Steinberg, R. I., & Walls, M. L. (2026) · Child Abuse & Neglect · doi:10.1016/j.chiabu.2026.107884
Self-citationBlack, A. D., Cerino, E. S., Geiss, E. G., & Eddie, R. S. (2026) · Journal of Cross-Cultural Gerontology · doi:10.1007/s10823-026-09567-y
Brown-Shirley, Y., Smith, A., & Mendizabal, A. (2026) · Equity Neuroscience · doi:10.1016/j.neuros.2026.100055
Richardson, M., Darrow, H., Trujillo, N., & Waters, S. F. (2026) · Journal of Behavioral Medicine · doi:10.1007/s10865-026-00685-z
Herrera, V. M., Nuño, L. E., & Creason‐Parker, G. A. (2026) · Journal of Ethnicity in Substance Abuse · doi:10.1080/15332640.2026.2693644
Financial strain, food insecurity, and religious/spiritual beliefs on depressive symptoms
Roh, S., Lee, Y.-S., Dinata, E., Yoon, S., Steel, J., Talbot, E. P., & Stone, S. T. (2026) · Journal of Human Behavior in the Social Environment · doi:10.1080/10911359.2026.2701997
Beans, J. A., Blanchard, J. W., Hiratsuka, V. Y., Helton, T., Carroll, S. R., Dillard, D. A., Orr, R., Gachupin, F. C., Hull, S. C., Haring, R. C., et al. (2026) · Frontiers in Genetics · doi:10.3389/fgene.2026.1802493
Juventudes indígenas intermediadas por mudanças ambientais, violações e resistências
Foppa, C. C., Góes, L. M., & Parente, F. D. A. (2026) · Tellus · doi:10.20435/tellus.v26i55.1009
Gran-Ruaz, S., Rambelo, M., & Williams, M. T. (2026) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2026.1927776
Metadata
- Authors
- Walls, M. L., & Whitbeck, L. B.
- Affiliations
- University of Minnesota (US)
- University of Nebraska–Lincoln (US)
- ORCID
- Walls, Melissa L.
- Venue
- Journal of Family Issues
- Publisher
- SAGE Publications
- Published
- 2012-06-14
- Volume
- 33
- Issue
- 9
- Pages
- 1272-1293
- ISSN
- 0192-513X (ISSN-L)
- 1552-5481
- PMC
- PMC3457652
- OpenAlex
- W2129515896
- Cited by
- 135
- References
- 47
- Citations by year
- 2026: 9 · 2025: 13 · 2024: 16 · 2023: 13 · 2022: 17 · 2021: 13 · 2020: 13 · 2019: 10 · 2018: 5 · 2017: 4 · 2016: 10 · 2015: 2 · 2014: 3 · 2013: 6 · 2012: 1
- FWCI
- 4.39
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Locations
- Journal of Family Issues (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (acceptedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- Lincoln (University of Nebraska) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (R01AA020299)
- National Institute of Mental Health (R01MH067281)
- National Institute on Drug Abuse (R01DA013580)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Health › Indigenous Health, Education, and Rights
- Social Sciences › Anthropology › Indigenous Cultures and History
- Social Sciences › Cultural Studies › Migration, Education, Indigenous Social Dynamics
- Keywords
- Indigenous families, relocation policy, intergenerational effects, Indian reservations, Indigenous youth, life course perspective, linked lives, indigenous heritage
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review