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Designing and Conducting Knowledge, Attitude, and Practice Surveys in Psychiatry: Practical Guidance

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Andrade, Chittaranjan, Menon, Vikas, Ameen, Shahul, Kumar Praharaj, Samir·2020·Indian Journal of Psychological Medicine

DOI 10.1177/0253717620946111PMC PMC7750837

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Abstract

Knowledge, attitude, and practice (KAP) surveys are popular in health care because they provide useful information and appear easy to design and execute. There are subtleties, however, in such surveys that early career researchers need to be aware of. This article does not provide a detailed review of the subject, nor does it address theory; rather, it provides practical guidance on matters such as identifying the need for the survey; defining the target population; preparing the questions that address knowledge, attitudes, and practice; preparing options for the answers to the items in the questionnaire; deciding how to score the instrument and analyze the results; and validating the instrument. Specific examples are presented to help readers understand and apply the guidance in various contexts.

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Authors: Andrade, C., Menon, V., Ameen, S., & Kumar Praharaj, S.
Affiliations: National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences (IN)
Jawaharlal Institute of Post Graduate Medical Education and Research (IN)
St. Thomas Hospital, Changanacherry, Kerala, India.
Dept of Psychiatry, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, India.
Corresponding author: Menon, Vikas
ORCID: Andrade, Chittaranjan
Menon, Vikas
Ameen, Shahul
Venue: Indian Journal of Psychological Medicine
Publisher: SAGE Publications
Published: 2020-08-27
Volume: 42
Issue: 5
Pages: 478-481
ISSN: 0253-7176 (ISSN-L)
0975-1564
DOI: 10.1177/0253717620946111
PMC: PMC7750837
OpenAlex: W3082274149
Cited by: 645
References: 7
Citations by year: 2026: 163 · 2025: 183 · 2024: 160 · 2023: 82 · 2022: 41 · 2021: 16
FWCI: 46.45
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: diamond
doi.org
Licence: cc-by-nc
creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ (unspecified)
Locations: Indian Journal of Psychological Medicine (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc)
Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc)
PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
Topics: Social Sciences › Sociology and Political Science › Survey Methodology and Nonresponse
Health Sciences › Nursing › Research and Theory › Health Education and Validation
Social Sciences › Decision Sciences › Management Science and Operations Research › Psychometric Methodologies and Testing
Keywords: survey design, questionnaire development, instrument validation, target population selection, psychiatric research, early-career researchers

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Designing and Conducting Knowledge, Attitude, and Practice Surveys in Psychiatry: Practical Guidance

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