Definition, Assessment, and Staging of Treatment—Resistant Refractory Major Depression: A Review of Current Concepts and Methods

A rating scale for depression

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The Long-term Natural History of the Weekly Symptomatic Status of Bipolar I Disorder

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Report by the ACNP Task Force on Response and Remission in Major Depressive Disorder

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Is bipolar disorder still underdiagnosed? Are antidepressants overutilized?

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Depression

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Major depressive disorder

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Evidence-based guidelines on the therapeutic use of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS)

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Inflamed moods: A review of the interactions between inflammation and mood disorders

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Clinical utility and prospective of TMS–EEG

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Resting-state functional connectivity in treatment-resistant depression

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Staging of Mental Disorders: Systematic Review

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Epigenetic regulation in major depression and other stress-related disorders: molecular mechanisms, clinical relevance and therapeutic potential

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Augmentation strategies for treatment resistant major depression: A systematic review and network meta-analysis

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Kynurenine pathway dysfunction in the pathophysiology and treatment of depression: Evidences from animal and human studies

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Staging methods for treatment resistant depression. A systematic review

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A Randomized Controlled Trial of Mindfulness-Based Cognitive Therapy for Treatment-Resistant Depression

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Antidepressant Effects of the Muscarinic Cholinergic Receptor Antagonist Scopolamine: A Review

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Brain oscillation-synchronized stimulation of the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex in depression using real-time EEG-triggered TMS

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Deep brain stimulation of the medial forebrain bundle: Distinctive responses in resistant depression

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A longitudinal study on deep brain stimulation of the medial forebrain bundle for treatment-resistant depression

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A randomized double-blind sham-controlled comparison of unilateral and bilateral repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation for treatment-resistant major depression

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The assessment of resistance to antidepressant treatment: Rationale for the Antidepressant Treatment History Form: Short Form (ATHF-SF)

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Standardisation framework for the Maudsley staging method for treatment resistance in depression

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Clinical research challenges posed by difficult-to-treat depression.

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Economic Burden of Treatment-Resistant Depression on the U.S. Health Care System

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The role of BDNF, NTRK2 gene and their interaction in development of treatment-resistant depression: Data from multicenter, prospective, longitudinal clinic practice

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Aberrant cortical neurodevelopment in major depressive disorder

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Is cognitive dysfunction involved in difficult-to-treat depression? Characterizing resistance from a cognitive perspective

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Epidemiology of treatment resistant depression among major depressive disorder patients in Israel

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Quest for biomarkers of treatment-resistant depression: Shifting the paradigm toward risk

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Examining a staging model for anorexia nervosa: empirical exploration of a four stage model of severity

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Long-term results of deep brain stimulation for treatment-resistant depression: outcome analysis and correlation with lead position and electrical parameters

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A retrospective chart review study to quantify the monthly medical resource use and costs of treating patients with treatment resistant depression in the United Kingdom

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Intranasal esketamine plus oral antidepressant for treatment-resistant depression: acute induction and maintenance relapse-prevention outcomes in a systematic review and meta-analysis

Xie, J., Pu, C., & Sun, M. (2026) · Frontiers in Psychiatry · doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2026.1774549 · Cited by 1 · see citing works

Venlafaxine plus acceptance and commitment therapy enriched with compassion focus therapy in opioid-addicted patients undergoing methadone maintenance treatment: a clinical trial

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