Prevalence of Co-Occurring Substance Use and other Mental Disorders in the Canadian Population
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Objective: Population health surveys around the world have studied the epidemiology of comorbid substance use disorders (SUDs) and other mental disorders as part of larger efforts to assess needs and direct integrated planning and delivery of services. This study presents the first national assessment in Canada of the prevalence of co-occurring SUDs and other mental disorders, with attention to differences by substance problem severity, sex, age, and region. Methods: This work is a secondary analysis of data from the 2002 Canadian Community Health Survey: Mental Health and Well-Being. The sample was obtained using a multistage stratified cluster design ( n = 36 984, response rate = 77%). Results: The 12-month population prevalence of co-occurring disorders was 1.7%. The 12-month prevalence of other mental disorders was higher among those with illicit drug, relative to alcohol, problems and among those with dependence, compared with those with less severe problems. Sex and age differences mirrored population differences in pure disorders. Salient regional differences included the higher rate of co-occurring disorders in British Columbia and the lower rates in Quebec. Conclusions: Cross-study comparisons are hampered by methodological differences; however, these Canadian rates are at the lower end of the range reported internationally. This might have resulted from the exclusion of several disorders known to be highly comorbid with SUDs. Nonetheless, prevalence is high in certain subgroups, and efforts under way to improve Canada's substance abuse and mental health services should continue to ensure that adequate attention is directed to the needs of people with co-occurring disorders.
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Relative to adolescents and adults, emerging adults experience the highest incidence and prevalence of substance use disorders and comorbid mental health disorders.
“Relative to adolescents and adults, emerging adults experience the highest incidence and prevalence of substance use disorders (SUDs) and comorbid mental health disorders (2-4).”
From Initial insights from a quality improvement initiative to develop an evidence-informed young adult substance use program (2022) · cites this paper as [3]
The Results report that 12-month prevalence of co-occurring substance problems and mood or anxiety disorders was highest in the youngest measured group, ages 15–24 (3.8%), and declined across older groups. But that group includes adolescents and does not isolate emerging adults for the claimed comparison; the cross-sectional study reports prevalence, not incidence. Page numbers are unavailable in our copy. (LLM, conf=0.88)
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“prevalence of substance use disorders (SUDs) and comorbid mental health disorders (2-4).”
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- Authors
- Rush, B., Urbanoski, K., Bassani, D., Castel, S., Wild, T. C., Strike, C., Kimberley, D., & Somers, J.
- Affiliations
- Centre for Addiction and Mental Health (CA)
- St. Michael's Hospital (CA)
- University of Toronto (CA)
- University of Alberta (CA)
- Research Scientist, Health Systems Research and Consulting Unit, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Ontario; Associate Professor, Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario
- Memorial University of Newfoundland (CA)
- Simon Fraser University (CA)
- Corresponding author
- Rush, Brian
- Venue
- The Canadian Journal of Psychiatry
- Publisher
- SAGE Publications
- Published
- 2008-12
- Volume
- 53
- Issue
- 12
- Pages
- 800-809
- ISSN
- 0706-7437 (ISSN-L)
- 1497-0015
- OpenAlex
- W205599819
- Cited by
- 168
- References
- 51
- Citations by year
- 2026: 5 · 2025: 11 · 2024: 8 · 2023: 13 · 2022: 8 · 2021: 19 · 2020: 7 · 2019: 6 · 2018: 11 · 2017: 7 · 2016: 10 · 2015: 7 · 2014: 15 · 2013: 7 · 2012: 15
- FWCI
- 4.70
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- The Canadian Journal of Psychiatry (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- Ontario Ministry of Health and Long-Term Care
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Epidemiology › Substance Abuse Treatment and Outcomes
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Social Psychology › Mental Health Treatment and Access
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Opioid Use Disorder Treatment
- Keywords
- prevalence, illicit drug use, alcohol consumption, substance dependence, sex differences, age differences, regional variation, Canadian Community Health Survey
- MeSH terms
- Adolescent, Adult, Age Factors, Alcoholism, Mental Disorders, Canada, Cross-Sectional Studies, Female, Health Surveys, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Sex Factors, Comorbidity, Multivariate Analysis, Diagnosis, Dual (Psychiatry), Substance-Related Disorders, Young Adult
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