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Cited by 80Gambling Behavior and TreatmentsPersonality Disorders and PsychopathologyPersonality Traits and Psychology

Subtyping Study of a Pathological Gamblers Sample

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Álvarez-Moya, Eva Ma, Jiménez-Murcia, Susana, Aymamí, Ma Neus, Gómez-Peña, Mónica, Granero, Roser, Santamaría, Juanjo, Menchón, Jose M, Fernández-Aranda, Fernando·2010·The Canadian Journal of Psychiatry
DOI 10.1177/070674371005500804
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Abstract

Objective: To classify into subgroups a sample of pathological gambling (PG) patients according to personality variables and to describe the subgroups at a clinical level. Method: PG patients ( n = 1171) were assessed with the South Oaks Gambling Screen; the Temperament and Character Inventory—Revised; the Symptom Checklist-90—Revised; Eysenck's Impulsivity Scales, a diagnostic questionnaire for the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fourth Edition (DSM-IV) PG criteria; and the Structured Clinical Interview for the DSM-IV, Axis I disorders, substance use module. Clinical measures were collected through a semi-structured interview. We performed a 2-step cluster analysis based on the above-mentioned personality variables. Clinical data were compared across clusters. Results: Four clusters were generated. Type I (disorganized and emotionally unstable) showed schizotypic traits, high impulsiveness, substance and alcohol abuse, and early age of onset, as well as psychopathological disturbances. Type II (schizoid) showed high harm avoidance, social aloofness, and alcohol abuse. Type III (reward sensitive) showed high sensation seeking and impulsiveness but no psychopathological impairments. Type IV (high-functioning) showed a globally adaptive personality profile, low level of substance and alcohol abuse or smoking, and no psychopathological disturbances. Conclusions: At least 4 types of PG patients may be identified. Two types showed a response modulation deficit, but only one of them had severe psychopathological disturbances. Two other types showed no impulsiveness or sensation seeking and one of them even exhibited good general functioning. The different personality and clinical configuration of these clusters might be linked to different therapeutic approaches.

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  • These data are in contrast to adult treatment-seeking gamblers, relatively few of whom report gambling on the Internet.

    “These data are in contrast to adult treatment-seeking gamblers, relatively few of whom report gambling on the Internet (Álvarez-Moya et al., 2010; Petry et al., 2006, 2008).”

    From Internet gambling in problem gambling college students (2015) · cites this paper as Álvarez-Moya et al., 2010

    The Participants section (page not provided) describes 1,171 treatment-seeking patients with a mean age of 39.4 years, and reports that 90.2% had slot machines as a main gambling problem. It does not report how many gambled on the Internet; the listed game types do not establish where gambling took place. The claim about relatively few reporting Internet gambling is therefore unsupported by this paper. (LLM, conf=0.82)

    Experimental — accuracy not yet measured

  • In samples of patients entering gambling treatment clinics, less than 1% indicated that the Internet is their preferred modality of gambling.

    “In samples of patients entering gambling treatment clinics, less than 1% indicated that the Internet is their preferred modality of gambling (Álvarez-Moya et al., 2010; Petry, 2003a; Petry et al., 2006; Petry, Weinstock, Lederwood, & Morasco, 2008).”

    From Internet gambling in problem gambling college students (2015) · cites this paper as Álvarez-Moya et al., 2010

    The Participants section (page not available) describes patients referred for gambling assessment and treatment and lists their main gambling problems, but gives no figure for Internet gambling as a preferred modality. Searches for “Internet preferred modality” and “online gambling” found no passage addressing the claimed less-than-1% rate. (LLM, conf=0.73)

    Experimental — accuracy not yet measured

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Authors
Álvarez-Moya, E. M., Jiménez-Murcia, S., Aymamí, M. N., Gómez-Peña, M., Granero, R., Santamaría, J., Menchón, J. M., & Fernández-Aranda, F.
Affiliations
  • Research Psychologist, Department of Psychiatry, University Hospital of Bellvitge-IDIBELL, Barcelona, Spain; Research Psychologist, CIBER Fisiopatología Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Instituto Salud Carlos III Barcelona, Spain
  • Head of Pathological Gambling Unit, Department of Psychiatry, University Hospital of Bellvitge-IDIBELL, Barcelona, Spain; Member of CIBER Fisiopatología Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Instituto Salud Carlos III Barcelona, Spain; Associated Professor, Department of Clinical Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
  • Clinical Psychologist, Department of Psychiatry, University Hospital of Bellvitge, Barcelona, Spain; Associated Professor, Department of Psychiatry and Clinical Psychobiology, Psychology School, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain. Departament de Psicologia Clínica i de la Salut, Universitat Autònoma Barcelona, Spain
  • Clinical Psychologist, Department of Psychiatry, University Hospital of Bellvitge, Barcelona, Spain
  • Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (ES)
  • Bellvitge University Hospital (ES)
  • Head of the Department, Department of Psychiatry University Hospital of Bellvitge-IDIBELL Barcelona, Spain; Head of Group, CIBER Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Instituto Salud Carlos III, Barcelona, Spain; Full Professor, Department of Clinical Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
  • Head of Eating Disorders Unit, Department of Psychiatry, University Hospital of Bellvitge-IDIBELL, Barcelona, Spain; Head of Group, CIBER Fisiopatología Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Instituto Salud Carlos III, Barcelona, Spain; Full Professor, Department of Clinical Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
ORCID
Granero, Roser
Venue
The Canadian Journal of Psychiatry
Publisher
SAGE Publications
Published
2010-08
Volume
55
Issue
8
Pages
498-506
ISSN
  • 0706-7437 (ISSN-L)
  • 1497-0015
DOI
10.1177/070674371005500804
OpenAlex
W1639522887
Cited by
80
References
6
Citations by year
2026: 2 · 2024: 1 · 2023: 2 · 2022: 7 · 2021: 10 · 2020: 7 · 2019: 4 · 2018: 6 · 2017: 8 · 2016: 3 · 2015: 6 · 2014: 7 · 2013: 9 · 2012: 4
FWCI
5.24
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Licence
journals.sagepub.com/page/policies/text-and-data-mining-license (tdm)
Locations
  • The Canadian Journal of Psychiatry (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
Funders
  • European Commission
  • Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental
  • Instituto de Salud Carlos III
Topics
  • Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Gambling Behavior and Treatments
  • Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Personality Disorders and Psychopathology
  • Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Personality Traits and Psychology
Keywords
gambling addiction, personality subtypes, personality traits, impulsivity, sensation seeking, harm avoidance, schizotypy, schizoid personality disorder, reward sensitivity, substance abuse, alcohol abuse, psychopathology, personality clusters
MeSH terms
Adult, Exploratory Behavior, Female, Gambling, Humans, Disruptive, Impulse Control, and Conduct Disorders, Internal-External Control, Interview, Psychological, Male, Mass Screening, Middle Aged, Personality Assessment, Personality Inventory, Psychometrics, Psychopathology, Socioeconomic Factors, Comorbidity, Substance-Related Disorders, Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders

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