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Cited by 53Mental Health Treatment and AccessAnxiety, Depression, Psychometrics, Treatment, Cognitive ProcessesChild and Adolescent Psychosocial and Emotional Development

Common and Unique Risk Factors and Comorbidity for 12-Month Mood and Anxiety Disorders among Canadians

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Meng, Xiangfei, D'Arcy, Carl·2012·The Canadian Journal of Psychiatry
DOI 10.1177/070674371205700806
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Abstract

Objective: To explore the common and unique risk factors for mood and anxiety disorders. What sociodemographic, psychological, and physical risk factors are associated with mood and anxiety disorders and their comorbidities? What is the impact of multiple risk factors? Method: Data from the Canadian Community Health Survey: Mental Health and Well-Being were analyzed. Appropriate sampling weights and bootstrap variance estimation were employed. Multiple logistic regression was used to estimate odds ratios and confidence intervals. Results: The annual prevalence of any mood disorder was 5.2%, and of any anxiety disorder 4.7%. Major depressive episode was the most prevalent mood and anxiety disorder (4.8%), followed by social phobia, panic disorder, mania, and agoraphobia. Among people with mood and anxiety disorders, 22.4% had 2 or more disorders. Risk factors common to mood and anxiety disorders were being young, having lower household income, being unmarried, experiencing greater stress, having poorer mental health, and having a medical condition. Unique risk factors were found: major depressive episode and social phobia were associated with being born in Canada; panic disorder was associated with being Caucasian; lower education was associated with panic and agoraphobia; and poor physical health was associated with mania and agoraphobia. People who were young, unmarried, not fully employed, and had a medical condition, greater stress, poorer self-rated mental health, and dissatisfaction with life, were more likely to have a comorbid mood and (or) anxiety disorder. As the number of common risk factors increases, the probability of having mood and anxiety disorders also increases. Conclusions: Common and unique risk factors exist for mood and anxiety disorders. Risk factors are additive in increasing the likelihood of disease.

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  • Women in the general population are more likely than men to report mental disorders.

    “The results align with evidence that women in the general population are more likely than men to report mental disorders,57–59”

    From Mental Disorder Symptoms among Public Safety Personnel in Canada (2018) · cites this paper as [59]

    The Results report that Canadian women generally had higher prevalence of the mood and anxiety disorders studied than men; Table 1 shows equal prevalence of mania. The source supports the claim for most disorders it examined, but not for mental disorders broadly. (LLM, conf=0.83)

    Experimental — accuracy not yet measured

  • The association between married/common-law relationships and mental health in the general population is well established.

    “The association between married/common-law relationships and mental health in the general population is well established59,67”

    From Mental Disorder Symptoms among Public Safety Personnel in Canada (2018) · cites this paper as [59]

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Research works printed but not linked: 2

  1. www.TheCJP.ca The Canadian Journal of Psychiatry, Vol 57, No 8, August 2012 W 487 Common and Unique Risk Factors and Comorbidity for 12-Month Mood and Anxiety Disorders Among Canadians
  2. Gjerde LC, Roysamb E, Czajkowski N, et al. Strong genetic correlation between interview-assessed internalizing disorders and a brief self-report symptom scale. Twin Res. 2011;14(1):64-72.

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Authors
Meng, X., & D'Arcy, C.
Affiliations
  • University of Saskatchewan (CA)
  • Professor, Department of Psychiatry and School of Public Health, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan
Corresponding author
Meng, Xiangfei
ORCID
Meng, Xiangfei
Venue
The Canadian Journal of Psychiatry
Publisher
SAGE Publications
Published
2012-08
Volume
57
Issue
8
Pages
479-487
ISSN
  • 0706-7437 (ISSN-L)
  • 1497-0015
DOI
10.1177/070674371205700806
OpenAlex
W186903868
Cited by
53
References
35
Citations by year
2026: 1 · 2025: 1 · 2024: 2 · 2023: 2 · 2022: 3 · 2021: 2 · 2020: 5 · 2019: 4 · 2018: 2 · 2017: 7 · 2016: 3 · 2015: 6 · 2014: 11 · 2013: 4
FWCI
10.13
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Licence
journals.sagepub.com/page/policies/text-and-data-mining-license (tdm)
Locations
  • The Canadian Journal of Psychiatry (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
Funders
  • Saskatchewan Health Research Foundation
  • Canadian Institutes of Health Research
Topics
  • Social Sciences › Psychology › Social Psychology › Mental Health Treatment and Access
  • Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Anxiety, Depression, Psychometrics, Treatment, Cognitive Processes
  • Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Child and Adolescent Psychosocial and Emotional Development
Keywords
mood disorders, anxiety disorders, risk factors, comorbidities, major depressive episode, social anxiety disorder, panic disorder, agoraphobia, mania, sociodemographic factors, stress, self-rated mental health, life dissatisfaction, household income, physical health, Canadian Community Health Survey
MeSH terms
Adolescent, Adult, Age Factors, Aged, Agoraphobia, Anxiety Disorders, Bipolar Disorder, Canada, Cross-Sectional Studies, Depressive Disorder, Major, Major Depressive Disorder, Educational Status, Female, Health Status, Humans, Life Change Events, Male, Middle Aged, Phobic Disorders, Quality of Life, Risk Factors, Socioeconomic Factors, Comorbidity, Panic Disorder, Marital Status, Mood Disorders, Young Adult

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