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Cited by 1,578Adult and Continuing Education TopicsEducational Leadership and InnovationInnovative Teaching and Learning Methods

The DOI matches its Crossref record; 48 of the 50 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.

Self-Directed Learning: Toward a Comprehensive Model

Garrison, D. R.·1997·Adult Education Quarterly
DOI 10.1177/074171369704800103
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Abstract

Self-directed learning is a core theoretical construct distinguishing adult education as a field of study. Most of the concept's emphasis has been on the external control and management of learning tasks. In an attempt to expand the scope of self-directed learning, this paper presents a comprehensive theoretical model. The proposed model integrates self-management (contextual control), self-monitoring (cognitive responsibility), and motivational (entering and task) dimensions to reflect a meaningful and worthwhile approach to self-directed learning. Explicating the cognitive and motivational dimensions of self-directed learning is identified as an area requiring further research.

Overview

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Crossref · 10.1177/074171369704800103

Cites

48 of 48 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

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Citations

Cites

Show all 50 references

Research works printed but not linked: 9

  1. Bandura, A., 1986, Social foundations of thought and action: A social cognitive theory
  2. Brockett, R. G., 1991, Self-direction in adult learning: Perspectives on theory, research, and practice
  3. Brookfield, S. D., 1988, Self-directed learning: Application & theory, 1
  4. Dewey, J., 1969, John Dewey: The early works, 1882-1898 Vol. 5, 224
  5. Garrison, D. R., Adult Education Research Conference Proceedings
  6. King, P. M., 1994, Developing reflective judgement
  7. Pintrich, P. R., 1989, Advances in Motivation and Achievement: Motivation Enhancing Environments, 117
  8. Richardson, V., 1994, Teaching Thinking and Problem Solving, 16, 3
  9. Thomas, L. F., 1985, Self-organized learning: Foundations of a conversational science for psychology

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Metadata

Authors
Garrison, D. R.
Affiliations
University of Alberta (CA)
Corresponding author
Garrison, D. R.
ORCID
Garrison, D. R.
Venue
Adult Education Quarterly
Publisher
SAGE Publications
Published
1997-11
Volume
48
Issue
1
Pages
18-33
ISSN
  • 0741-7136 (ISSN-L)
  • 1552-3047
DOI
10.1177/074171369704800103
OpenAlex
W1970131054
Cited by
1,578
References
50
Citations by year
2026: 125 · 2025: 133 · 2024: 111 · 2023: 130 · 2022: 130 · 2021: 128 · 2020: 80 · 2019: 84 · 2018: 53 · 2017: 42 · 2016: 76 · 2015: 60 · 2014: 71 · 2013: 50 · 2012: 60
FWCI
25.01
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed
Licence
journals.sagepub.com/page/policies/text-and-data-mining-license (tdm)
Locations
Adult Education Quarterly (publishedVersion)
Topics
  • Social Sciences › Education › Adult and Continuing Education Topics
  • Social Sciences › Education › Educational Leadership and Innovation
  • Social Sciences › Psychology › Developmental and Educational Psychology › Innovative Teaching and Learning Methods
Keywords
self-directed learning, self-management, self-monitoring, motivation, adult education, theoretical model, contextual control

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