Cited by 364Healthcare professionals’ stress and burnoutOccupational Health and BurnoutMindfulness and Compassion Interventions

The DOI matches its Crossref record; 44 of the 44 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.

Interventions to Improve Mental Health, Well-Being, Physical Health, and Lifestyle Behaviors in Physicians and Nurses: A Systematic Review

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Melnyk, Bernadette Mazurek, Kelly, Stephanie A., Stephens, Janna, Dhakal, Kerry, McGovern, Colleen, Tucker, Sharon, Hoying, Jacqueline, McRae, Kenya, Ault, Samantha, Spurlock, Elizabeth, Bird, Steven B.·2020·American Journal of Health Promotion

DOI 10.1177/0890117120920451PMC PMC8982669

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Abstract

OBJECTIVE: This systematic review focused on randomized controlled trials (RCTs) with physicians and nurses that tested interventions designed to improve their mental health, well-being, physical health, and lifestyle behaviors. DATA SOURCE: A systematic search of electronic databases from 2008 to May 2018 included PubMed, CINAHL, PsycINFO, SPORTDiscus, and the Cochrane Library. STUDY INCLUSION AND EXCLUSION CRITERIA: Inclusion criteria included an RCT design, samples of physicians and/or nurses, and publication year 2008 or later with outcomes targeting mental health, well-being/resiliency, healthy lifestyle behaviors, and/or physical health. Exclusion criteria included studies with a focus on burnout without measures of mood, resiliency, mindfulness, or stress; primary focus on an area other than health promotion; and non-English papers. DATA EXTRACTION: Quantitative and qualitative data were extracted from each study by 2 independent researchers using a standardized template created in Covidence. DATA SYNTHESIS: Although meta-analytic pooling across all studies was desired, a wide array of outcome measures made quantitative pooling unsuitable. Therefore, effect sizes were calculated and a mini meta-analysis was completed. RESULTS: Twenty-nine studies (N = 2708 participants) met the inclusion criteria. Results indicated that mindfulness and cognitive-behavioral therapy-based interventions are effective in reducing stress, anxiety, and depression. Brief interventions that incorporate deep breathing and gratitude may be beneficial. Visual triggers, pedometers, and health coaching with texting increased physical activity. CONCLUSION: Healthcare systems must promote the health and well-being of physicians and nurses with evidence-based interventions to improve population health and enhance the quality and safety of the care that is delivered.

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“Finally, health coaching with texting boosted activity levels [13].”
Background
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Factors Involved in Nurses' Health-Seeking Behaviors
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Doživljanje neizvedene zdravstvene nege pri medicinskih sestrah
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Functional gastrointestinal disorders among healthcare professionals—hidden in plain sight?
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МЕДИЦИНА ҚЫЗМЕТКЕРЛЕРІНІҢ ПСИХИКАЛЫҚ ЖӘНЕ ЭМОЦИАНАЛДЫҚ ДЕНСАУЛЫҒЫНА ӘСЕР ЕТЕТІН ФАКТОРЛАР БОЙЫНША ХАЛЫҚАРАЛЫҚ ТӘЖІРИБЕНІ ЗЕРТТЕУ
Куттыбаев, А. Д., Zhorabek, S., Кумар, А. Б., Abikulova, A., Құсайынов, А. З., & Ивановна, А. Г. (2023) · Farmaciâ Kazahstana · doi:10.53511/pharmkaz.2023.69.39.029
Immediate Effect of Gratitude Journal on Mental Well-Being of College Students in Kerala
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Personality and Interest in General Practice: Results from an Online Survey among Medical Students.Preprint
Krauthausen, M., Leutritz, T., Hagen, P. E., Koenig, S., & Simmenroth, A. (2023) · Research Square · doi:10.21203/rs.3.rs-3156398/v1
Lifestyle and nursing intervention during the COVID-19 pandemic in teachers of older adults in North Lima
Piñas-Rivera, L., Rosa-Longobardi, C. L., Trujillo, L. V. A., Gallegos-Espinoza, D., Asencios-Trujillo, L., & Perez-Siguas, R. E. (2023) · Salud Ciencia y Tecnología · doi:10.56294/saludcyt2023546
Highlights of 2023-Print Issue
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A literature review of interventions for the prevention of empathic distress and burnout in medical traineesPreprint
Rahman, A. P., Jennings, R. B., Wu, M. O., Hake, A., Mazza, C., Goradia, E., Mehta, K. K., & Post, S. G. (2024) · Research Square · doi:10.21203/rs.3.rs-4052726/v1
Assessment of Stress among Doctors due to Covid-19
Kumar, P. M., Keerthi, D. S., & Shwetha, P. (2021) · IAR Journal of Medicine and Surgery Research · doi:10.47310/iarjmsr.2021.v02i05.03
“[17] One of the study findings shows that role insufficiency among doctors had the strongest association with depressive symptoms.”
Result
Pain in the Emergency Room
Lynch, M. S. (2024) · doi:10.1093/med/9780197649176.003.0033
Aging gracefully: navigating the journey of growing older
Olorunfemi, O., & Irinoye, O. K. (2024) · MGM Journal of Medical Sciences · doi:10.4103/mgmj.mgmj_44_24
Pediatric Suicide: Supporting Nurses on the Front Lines
Camacho, E., & Masood, F. A. (2024) · AACN Advanced Critical Care · doi:10.4037/aacnacc2024854
Promoting Physical Activity Among Health Professional Students, Faculty, and Staff Members: A Competition-Based Intervention
Zou, C., Hollingsworth, J. C., Farrell, R. G., & Fox, B. I. (2024) · American Journal of Lifestyle Medicine · doi:10.1177/15598276241279170
Measurement of Job Burnout and its Relationship with Mental Health in Nurses Working in Kashan Hospitals in 2019
Asgari, A., Ruhabadi, F., Tarazoj, F. A., Rahimi, H., Rovan, M., Farrokhnejad, R., & Rahmani, H. (2024) · Journal of Health and Hygiene · doi:10.61186/j.health.15.2.170
Analyzing the Impact of an 8-Week Structured Physical Activity Program on Health-Related Fitness in Bhutanese Seventh-Grade Students
Lhendup, G., Savagpun, P., & TIAOTRAKUL, A. (2024) · Physical Education Theory and Methodology · doi:10.17309/tmfv.2024.6.15
Let it Go
Fay-Hillier, T. M. (2024) · Journal of the Academy of Forensic Nursing · doi:10.29173/jafn834
EFT (Emotional Freedom Technique) Method Intervention in Reducing the Risk of Work Stress in Female Health Workers
Tania, B. N., Mardjan, M., & Trisnawati, E. (2025) · Media Publikasi Promosi Kesehatan Indonesia (MPPKI) · doi:10.56338/mppki.v8i1.6407 · Cited by 1
Percepções de Enfermeiras sobre Sua Comunicação com Adolescentes com Câncer
Weston, F. C. L., de Souza, L. M. P., dos Santos, D. R., Pozza, D. R., Argimon, I. I. D. L., & Dias, A. C. G. (2025) · Revista Psicologia e Saúde · doi:10.20435/pssa.v16i1.2655
Withdrawn: Nurses’ practice environment, selected nurse outcomes and the nurse perceived quality of care and patient safety in hospitals in Eswatini
Dlamini, S. P., Coetzee, S. K., & Blignaut, A. J. (2025) · International Journal of Africa Nursing Sciences · doi:10.1016/j.ijans.2025.100836
Retracted
Hemşirelerin Ruh Sağlığını Geliştirme Düzeyleri ve İlişkili Faktörler
Dost, A., Gencer, S., Doğru, R. N., Yaşar, S., & Korkmaz, Z. (2025) · Ordu Üniversitesi Hemşirelik Çalışmaları Dergisi · doi:10.38108/ouhcd.1341450
Psychological Care in Spanish Nurses at the Frontline of the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Prospective Study on Symptoms, Burnout and Psychological Variables
Peñacoba, C., García-Hedrera, F. J., García-Madrid, M. G. D. P., Monge, F. J. C., & Gil‐Almagro, F. (2025) · Healthcare · doi:10.3390/healthcare13101108
“Specifically, evidence shows that interventions, such as mindfulness, are positive influences in reducing anxiety, stress and burnout in nurses [25].”
Effects of a combined nature-based and audio-based virtual mindfulness intervention on stress and wellbeing of COVID-19 healthcare workers: a randomized controlled trial
Bagereka, P., Ameli, R., Sinaii, N., Vocci, M. C., Coulter, A. M., Neustedter, M., & Berger, A. M. (2025) · PeerJ · doi:10.7717/peerj.19109
“Mindfulness interventions are evidence-based ( Green & Kinchen, 2021 ; Melnyk et al., 2020 ; Yang et al., 2023 ) and represent a promising option in combination with nature programs to enhance benefit ( Menardo et al., 2022 ).”
Spirit and Sense: Autonomic Response to Integrative Medicine Intervention for Health Care Personnel During Wartime
Kassem, S., Vagedes, J., Gressel, O., Samuels, N., Elias, S., & Ben‐Arye, E. (2025) · Psychosomatic Medicine · doi:10.1097/psy.0000000000001402
Barriers to Seeking Counseling Among a National Sample of U.S. Physicians: The Revised Fit, Stigma, and Value Scale
Kalkbrenner, M. T., & Esparza, S. (2025) · The Professional Counselor · doi:10.15241/mtk.15.2.99
Workplace resilience of nursing professionals during the COVID-19 pandemic: a mixed methods study
Ongaro, J. D., Greco, P. B. T., da Luz, E. M. F., Tavares, J. P., Pai, D. D., & Magnago, T. S. B. D. S. (2025) · Revista Brasileira de Enfermagem · doi:10.1590/0034-7167-2024-0155
Resiliência no trabalho de profissionais de enfermagem durante a COVID-19: pesquisa de métodos mistos
Ongaro, J. D., Greco, P. B. T., da Luz, E. M. F., Tavares, J. P., Pai, D. D., & Magnago, T. S. B. D. S. (2025) · Revista Brasileira de Enfermagem · doi:10.1590/0034-7167-2024-0155pt
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“However, investment of time for healthcare professionals to accommodate wellbeing within their schedules and not having the available mindfulness trainers were the barriers in other studies [14–16].”
What Is Mindfulness, and What Role Can It Play in the Mental Health of Health Professionals
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Assessing the psychological wellbeing and resilience of frontline health workers in Uganda: a cross-sectional study
Sarki, A. M., Atukwatse, J., Mbithi, G., Odero, S. A., Namuguzi, M., Mutwiri, B. D., Bitakwitse, L., Wachira, P. W., Mwangi, K., Ndirangu, E. W., et al. (2025) · Frontiers in Psychiatry · doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2025.1568376 · Cited by 1
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Psychological Interventions to Enhance Well-Being in Adults With Cardiovascular Disease: A Systematic Review of Randomized Trials
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Authors: Melnyk, B. M., Kelly, S. A., Stephens, J., Dhakal, K., McGovern, C., Tucker, S., Hoying, J., McRae, K., Ault, S., Spurlock, E., & Bird, S. B.
Affiliations: The Ohio State University (US)
University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill (US)
Illinois Department of Health, Chicago IL, USA
University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School (US)
Corresponding author: Melnyk, Bernadette Mazurek
ORCID: Melnyk, Bernadette Mazurek
Kelly, Stephanie A.
Stephens, Janna
Dhakal, Kerry
McGovern, Colleen
Tucker, Sharon
Hoying, Jacqueline
Ault, Samantha
Bird, Steven B.
Venue: American Journal of Health Promotion
Publisher: SAGE Publications
Published: 2020-04-27
Volume: 34
Issue: 8
Pages: 929-941
ISSN: 0890-1171 (ISSN-L)
2168-6602
DOI: 10.1177/0890117120920451
PMC: PMC8982669
OpenAlex: W3020257396
Cited by: 364
References: 44
Citations by year: 2026: 55 · 2025: 74 · 2024: 62 · 2023: 75 · 2022: 50 · 2021: 34 · 2020: 12
FWCI: 8.15
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: green
www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
Licence: journals.sagepub.com/page/policies/text-and-data-mining-license (tdm)
Locations: American Journal of Health Promotion (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
The Journal of the American Medical Association (JAMA) Network (American Medical Association) (submittedVersion)
Funders: National Institute of Nursing Research (T32NR007091, T32NR014225)
Topics: Health Sciences › Health Professions › General Health Professions › Healthcare professionals’ stress and burnout
Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Occupational Health and Burnout
Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Mindfulness and Compassion Interventions
Keywords: physician well-being, nurse well-being, mental health interventions, physical activity interventions, lifestyle habits, mindfulness-based interventions, cognitive behavioral therapy, stress reduction, anxiety, depression, gratitude interventions, deep breathing, pedometers
MeSH terms: Humans, Life Style, Mental Health, Nurses, Physicians, Mindfulness

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Interventions to Improve Mental Health, Well-Being, Physical Health, and Lifestyle Behaviors in Physicians and Nurses: A Systematic Review

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