The DOI matches its Crossref record; 44 of the 44 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Interventions to Improve Mental Health, Well-Being, Physical Health, and Lifestyle Behaviors in Physicians and Nurses: A Systematic Review
Open accessAbstract
OBJECTIVE: This systematic review focused on randomized controlled trials (RCTs) with physicians and nurses that tested interventions designed to improve their mental health, well-being, physical health, and lifestyle behaviors. DATA SOURCE: A systematic search of electronic databases from 2008 to May 2018 included PubMed, CINAHL, PsycINFO, SPORTDiscus, and the Cochrane Library. STUDY INCLUSION AND EXCLUSION CRITERIA: Inclusion criteria included an RCT design, samples of physicians and/or nurses, and publication year 2008 or later with outcomes targeting mental health, well-being/resiliency, healthy lifestyle behaviors, and/or physical health. Exclusion criteria included studies with a focus on burnout without measures of mood, resiliency, mindfulness, or stress; primary focus on an area other than health promotion; and non-English papers. DATA EXTRACTION: Quantitative and qualitative data were extracted from each study by 2 independent researchers using a standardized template created in Covidence. DATA SYNTHESIS: Although meta-analytic pooling across all studies was desired, a wide array of outcome measures made quantitative pooling unsuitable. Therefore, effect sizes were calculated and a mini meta-analysis was completed. RESULTS: Twenty-nine studies (N = 2708 participants) met the inclusion criteria. Results indicated that mindfulness and cognitive-behavioral therapy-based interventions are effective in reducing stress, anxiety, and depression. Brief interventions that incorporate deep breathing and gratitude may be beneficial. Visual triggers, pedometers, and health coaching with texting increased physical activity. CONCLUSION: Healthcare systems must promote the health and well-being of physicians and nurses with evidence-based interventions to improve population health and enhance the quality and safety of the care that is delivered.
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“Our findings were consistent with the findings of related studies that mindfulness and acceptance and commitment therapy-based interventions are effective in reducing psychological distress and depression, as well as enhancing psychological flexibility and subjective psychological wellbeing among nurses (37–39).”
From Translation, adaptation, and initial evaluation of a guided self-help intervention to reduce psychological distress among nurses during COVID-19 in China (2023) · cites this paper as [38]
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Cites
Preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses: The PRISMA statement
Moher, D., Liberati, A., Tetzlaff, J., Altman, D. G., & the PRISMA Group* (2009) · Annals of Internal Medicine · doi:10.7326/0003-4819-151-4-200908180-00135 · Cited by 37,554
The Cochrane Collaboration's tool for assessing risk of bias in randomised trials
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GRADE: an emerging consensus on rating quality of evidence and strength of recommendations
Guyatt, G. H., Oxman, A. D., Vist, G. E., Kunz, R., Falck-Ytter, Y., Alonso-Coello, P., & Schünemann, H. J. (2008) · BMJ · doi:10.1136/bmj.39489.470347.ad · Cited by 23,305
From Triple to Quadruple Aim: Care of the Patient Requires Care of the Provider
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Medical error—the third leading cause of death in the US
Makary, M. A., & Daniel, M. (2016) · BMJ · doi:10.1136/bmj.i2139 · Cited by 3,264 · cited 3×
“As a result, participation in healthy lifestyle behaviors are often given a low priority.(4) Besides personal factors, there are multiple healthcare system challenges that contribute to clinician burnout and depression, including poor staffing patterns, ongoing challenges with electronic medical records that result in…”
BackgroundInfluentialPrevalence of Burnout Among Physicians: A Systematic Review
Rotenstein, L. S., Torre, M., Ramos, M. A., Rosales, R. C., Guille, C., Sen, S., & Mata, D. A. (2018) · JAMA · doi:10.1001/jama.2018.12777 · Cited by 1,904 · cited 2×
“population health of clinicians and ensure health-care quality and safety.(2) Findings from a recent systematic review indicate that over 50% of physicians and nurses are experiencing burnout.”
BackgroundMini Meta‐Analysis of Your Own Studies: Some Arguments on Why and a Primer on How
Goh, J. X., Hall, J. A., & Rosenthal, R. (2016) · Social and Personality Psychology Compass · doi:10.1111/spc3.12267 · Cited by 994
Finding What Works in Health Care: Standards for Systematic Reviews
Eden, J., Levit, L. A., Berg, A. O., & Morton, S. C. (2013) · Cited by 943
West, C. P., Dyrbye, L. N., Rabatin, J. T., Call, T. G., Davidson, J. H., Multari, A., Romanski, S. A., Hellyer, J. M. H., Sloan, J. A., & Shanafelt, T. D. (2014) · JAMA Internal Medicine · doi:10.1001/jamainternmed.2013.14387 · Cited by 695 · cited 5×
“Twelve studies provided a mindfulness-based stress reduction (MBSR) type intervention (see Table 1).(14,15,20,31-36,39,41,42) The duration of studies was between 4 weeks to 9 months with total time in intervention sessions ranging from 10 to 53 hours plus home practice.”
BackgroundMethodInfluential
Research works printed but not linked: 4
- Makary MA, 2016, BMJ, 353
- Covidence systematic review software, Veritas Health Innovation, Melbourne, Australia. www.covidence.org.
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Kock, J. H. D., Latham, H. A., Leslie, S. J., Grindle, M., Munoz, S.-A., Ellis, L., Polson, R., & O’Malley, C. (2021) · BMC Public Health · doi:10.1186/s12889-020-10070-3 · Cited by 981
“Although evidence based psychological interventions are available for this population [12], there is a paucity of evidence about interventions for the MH of HSCWs during pandemics.”
BackgroundCovid-19: adverse mental health outcomes for healthcare workers
Gold, J. A. (2020) · BMJ · doi:10.1136/bmj.m1815 · Cited by 198
The mental health of health care workers in Oman during the COVID-19 pandemic
Badahdah, A. M., Khamis, F. A., Mahyijari, N. A., Balushi, M. A., Hatmi, H. A., Salmi, I. A., Albulushi, Z., & Al-Noomani, J. (2020) · International Journal of Social Psychiatry · doi:10.1177/0020764020939596 · Cited by 177
“behavioral therapy intervention programs (Alikhani et al., 2020; Greenberg et al., 2020; Melnyk et al., 2020).”
BackgroundCritical Care Nurses’ Physical and Mental Health, Worksite Wellness Support, and Medical Errors
Melnyk, B. M., Tan, A., Hsieh, A. P., Gawlik, K. S., Arslanian‐Engoren, C., Braun, L. T., Dunbar, S. B., Dunbar‐Jacob, J. M., Lewis, L. M., Millán, A., et al. (2021) · American Journal of Critical Care · doi:10.4037/ajcc2021301 · Cited by 172
Self-citationNurses' motivations to leave the nursing profession: A qualitative meta‐aggregation
Ooijen, W. B., Malfait, S., Waal, G. H., & Hafsteinsdøttir, T. B. (2023) · Journal of Advanced Nursing · doi:10.1111/jan.15696 · Cited by 150
Metadata
- Authors
- Melnyk, B. M., Kelly, S. A., Stephens, J., Dhakal, K., McGovern, C., Tucker, S., Hoying, J., McRae, K., Ault, S., Spurlock, E., & Bird, S. B.
- Affiliations
- The Ohio State University (US)
- University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill (US)
- Illinois Department of Health, Chicago IL, USA
- University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School (US)
- Corresponding author
- Melnyk, Bernadette Mazurek
- ORCID
- Venue
- American Journal of Health Promotion
- Publisher
- SAGE Publications
- Published
- 2020-04-27
- Volume
- 34
- Issue
- 8
- Pages
- 929-941
- ISSN
- 0890-1171 (ISSN-L)
- 2168-6602
- PMC
- PMC8982669
- OpenAlex
- W3020257396
- Cited by
- 364
- References
- 44
- Citations by year
- 2026: 55 · 2025: 74 · 2024: 62 · 2023: 75 · 2022: 50 · 2021: 34 · 2020: 12
- FWCI
- 8.15
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Locations
- American Journal of Health Promotion (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- The Journal of the American Medical Association (JAMA) Network (American Medical Association) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institute of Nursing Research (T32NR007091, T32NR014225)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Health Professions › General Health Professions › Healthcare professionals’ stress and burnout
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Occupational Health and Burnout
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Mindfulness and Compassion Interventions
- Keywords
- physician well-being, nurse well-being, mental health interventions, physical activity interventions, lifestyle habits, mindfulness-based interventions, cognitive behavioral therapy, stress reduction, anxiety, depression, gratitude interventions, deep breathing, pedometers
- MeSH terms
- Humans, Life Style, Mental Health, Nurses, Physicians, Mindfulness
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