The DOI matches its Crossref record; 22 of the 22 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Multiple Constituencies and the Social Construction of Nonprofit Organization Effectiveness
Abstract
Based on the social constructionism perspective and a multiple constituency model, this study investigates stakeholder judgments of nonprofit charitable organization effectiveness. ThestudyalsousesaDelphiprocesstoidentifycriteriathatsomepractitionerw-experts regard as objective indicators of effectiveness. Data on various stakeholder judgments of organizational effectiveness and on the objective indicators were collected for a sample of 64 organizations, allowing for examination of the extent to which stakeholder judgments are consistent and for examination of the extent to which judgments are related to objective indicators. Among the major results of the study are that practitioner-experts define objective effectiveness as employing correct procedures; stakeholders frequently vary substantially in their judgments of the effectiveness of the same organization; stakeholder judgments of effectiveness seldom are related to objective (correct procedures) effectiveness; and differenttypesofstakeholdersusesomeofthesame-mostnotably,boardeffectiveness-as well as different bases for making effectiveness judgments. Conclusions and implications are discussed.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
DiMaggio, P. J., & Powell, W. W. (1983) · American Sociological Review · doi:10.2307/2095101 · Cited by 38,435
Institutionalized Organizations: Formal Structure as Myth and Ceremony
Meyer, J. W., & Rowan, B. (1977) · American Journal of Sociology · doi:10.1086/226550 · Cited by 28,308
A Garbage Can Model of Organizational Choice
Cohen, M. D., March, J. G., & Olsen, J. P. (1972) · Administrative Science Quarterly · doi:10.2307/2392088 · Cited by 7,917
Quinn, R. E., & Rohrbaugh, J. (1983) · Management Science · doi:10.1287/mnsc.29.3.363 · Cited by 3,329
Institutions and Organizations.
Marsden, P. V., & Scott, W. R. (1996) · Social Forces · doi:10.2307/2580775 · Cited by 3,044
Effectiveness as Paradox: Consensus and Conflict in Conceptions of Organizational Effectiveness
Cameron, K. S. (1986) · Management Science · doi:10.1287/mnsc.32.5.539 · Cited by 974
Explaining Organizational Behavior.
Pfeffer, J., & Mohr, L. B. (1983) · Administrative Science Quarterly · doi:10.2307/2392635 · Cited by 957
A Competing Values Approach to Organizational Effectiveness
Quinn, R. E., & Rohrbaugh, J. (1981) · Public Productivity Review · doi:10.2307/3380029 · Cited by 837
New Perspectives on Organizational Effectiveness.
Bluedorn, A. C., Goodman., P. S., & Pennings, J. M. (1979) · Contemporary Sociology · doi:10.2307/2066177 · Cited by 682
Organizations and Organization Theory.
Galaskiewicz, J., & Pfeffer, J. (1984) · Social Forces · doi:10.2307/2579092 · Cited by 573
Cited by
Measuring Performance in Social Enterprises
Bagnoli, L., & Megali, C. (2011) · Nonprofit and Voluntary Sector Quarterly · doi:10.1177/0899764009351111 · Cited by 401
Leadership, Membership, and Voice: Civic Associations That Work
Andrews, K. T., Ganz, M., Baggetta, M., Han, H., & Lim, C. (2010) · American Journal of Sociology · doi:10.1086/649060 · Cited by 215
Metadata
- Authors
- Herman, R. D., & Renz, D. O.
- Venue
- Nonprofit and Voluntary Sector Quarterly
- Publisher
- SAGE Publications
- Published
- 1997-06
- Volume
- 26
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 185-206
- ISSN
- 0094-0607 (ISSN-L)
- 0899-7640
- 1552-7395
- OpenAlex
- W2076105809
- Cited by
- 313
- References
- 22
- FWCI
- 13.76
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
How to cite
Cite CoChat for the checks on this page, and the paper for its own findings.
- This page
- CoChat. (2026). Citation check: Multiple Constituencies and the Social Construction of Nonprofit Organization Effectiveness. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1177/0899764097262006
- The paper
- Herman, R. D., & Renz, D. O. (1997). Multiple Constituencies and the Social Construction of Nonprofit Organization Effectiveness. Nonprofit and Voluntary Sector Quarterly. https://doi.org/10.1177/0899764097262006
Data sources
Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.
Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.
