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Cited by 461Identity, Memory, and TherapyAnxiety, Depression, Psychometrics, Treatment, Cognitive ProcessesMental Health via Writing

The DOI matches its Crossref record; 22 of the 22 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.

Making Meaning out of Negative Experiences by Self-Distancing

Kross, Ethan, Ayduk, Ozlem·2011·Current Directions in Psychological Science
DOI 10.1177/0963721411408883
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Abstract

Both common wisdom and findings from multiple areas of research suggest that it is helpful to understand and make meaning out of negative experiences. However, people’s attempts to do so often backfire, leading them to ruminate and feel worse. Here we attempt to shed light on these seemingly contradictory sets of findings by examining the role that self-distancing plays in facilitating adaptive self-reflection. We begin by briefly describing the “self-reflection paradox.” We then define self-distancing, present evidence from multiple levels of analysis that illustrate how this process facilitates adaptive self-reflection, and discuss the basic science and practical implications of this research.

Overview

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Crossref · 10.1177/0963721411408883

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22 of 22 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

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Citations

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  1. Kross E., Emotion

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Metadata

Authors
Kross, E., & Ayduk, O.
Affiliations
  • University of Michigan (US)
  • University of California, Berkeley
ORCID
Kross, Ethan
Venue
Current Directions in Psychological Science
Publisher
SAGE Publications
Published
2011-05-24
Volume
20
Issue
3
Pages
187-191
ISSN
  • 0963-7214 (ISSN-L)
  • 1467-8721
DOI
10.1177/0963721411408883
OpenAlex
W2156427607
Cited by
460
References
22
Citations by year
2026: 47 · 2025: 30 · 2024: 23 · 2023: 32 · 2022: 21 · 2021: 23 · 2020: 23 · 2019: 46 · 2018: 41 · 2017: 77 · 2016: 27 · 2015: 27 · 2014: 16 · 2013: 15 · 2012: 11
FWCI
30.20
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed
Licence
journals.sagepub.com/page/policies/text-and-data-mining-license (tdm)
Locations
Current Directions in Psychological Science (publishedVersion)
Topics
  • Social Sciences › Psychology › Developmental and Educational Psychology › Identity, Memory, and Therapy
  • Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Anxiety, Depression, Psychometrics, Treatment, Cognitive Processes
  • Social Sciences › Psychology › Social Psychology › Mental Health via Writing
Keywords
self-distancing, negative experiences, meaning-making, self-reflection, rumination, emotion regulation

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