The DOI matches its Crossref record; 10 of the 10 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Silver Bullet or Voodoo Statistics?: A Primer for Using the Partial Least Squares Data Analytic Technique in Group and Organization Research
Abstract
Much of group and organization research is constrained by either limited sample sizes and/or nascent theoretical development. Wold developed the partial least squares (PLS) data analytical technique to help overcome these and other challenges facing researchers. PLS represents a powerful and effective means to test multivariate structural models with latent variables. Although PLS is used by researchers and practitioners in many scientific disciplines, some misunderstanding remains among group and organization researchers regarding the legitimacy and usefulness of PLS. To help allay these concerns, this article provides a nontechnical primer on PLS and its advantages, limitations, and application to group and organization research using a data set collected in an experiment on the effects of leadership styles and communication format on the group potency of computer-mediated work groups.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
Evaluating structural equation models with unobservable variables and measurement error
Fornell, C., & Larcker, D. F. (1981) · Journal of Marketing Research · doi:10.1177/002224378101800104 · Cited by 109,190
Convergent and discriminant validation by the multitrait-multimethod matrix.
Campbell, D. T., & Fiske, D. W. (1959) · Psychological Bulletin · doi:10.1037/h0046016 · Cited by 17,116
Asymptotic Confidence Intervals for Indirect Effects in Structural Equation Models
Sobel, M. E. (1982) · Sociological Methodology · doi:10.2307/270723 · Cited by 12,810
Mediation in experimental and nonexperimental studies: New procedures and recommendations.
Shrout, P. E., & Bolger, N. (2002) · Psychological Methods · doi:10.1037/1082-989x.7.4.422 · Cited by 11,335
A comparison of methods to test mediation and other intervening variable effects
MacKinnon, D. P., Lockwood, C. M., Hoffman, J. M., West, S. G., & Sheets, V. (2002) · Psychological Methods · doi:10.1037/1082-989x.7.1.83 · Cited by 9,406
Modern Methods for Business Research
(1998) · doi:10.4324/9781410604385 · Cited by 6,534
Diamantopoulos, A., & Siguaw, J. A. (2006) · British Journal of Management · doi:10.1111/j.1467-8551.2006.00500.x · Cited by 3,410
Wold, S., Ruhe, A., Wold, H., & Dunn, III (1984) · SIAM Journal on Scientific and Statistical Computing · doi:10.1137/0905052 · Cited by 2,529
Gender differences in work-family conflict
Duxbury, L. E., & Higgins, C. A. (1991) · Journal of Applied Psychology · doi:10.1037/0021-9010.76.1.60 · Cited by 782
What do data really mean? Research findings, meta-analysis, and cumulative knowledge in psychology.
Schmidt, F. L. (1992) · American Psychologist · doi:10.1037/0003-066x.47.10.1173 · Cited by 564
Cited by
A new criterion for assessing discriminant validity in variance-based structural equation modeling
Henseler, J., Ringle, C. M., & Sarstedt, M. (2015) · Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science · doi:10.1007/s11747-014-0403-8 · Cited by 38,459
When to Use and How to Report the Results of PLS-SEM
Hair, J. F., Risher, J. J., Sarstedt, M., & Ringle, C. M. (2019) · European Business Review · doi:10.1108/ebr-11-2018-0203 · Cited by 27,541
Pls-Sem: indeed a silver bullet
Hair, J. F., Ringle, C. M., & Sarstedt, M. (2011) · Journal of Marketing Theory and Practice · doi:10.2753/mtp1069-6679190202 · Cited by 21,631
An assessment of the use of partial least squares structural equation modeling in marketing research
Hair, J. F., Sarstedt, M., Ringle, C. M., & Mena, J. A. (2012) · Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science · doi:10.1007/s11747-011-0261-6 · Cited by 8,088
Hair, J. F., Ringle, C. M., & Sarstedt, M. (2013) · Long Range Planning · doi:10.1016/j.lrp.2013.01.001 · Cited by 5,310
Metadata
- Authors
- Sosik, J. J., Kahai, S. S., & Piovoso, M. J.
- Venue
- Group & Organization Management
- Publisher
- SAGE Publications
- Published
- 2009-02
- Volume
- 34
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 5-36
- ISSN
- 1059-6011 (ISSN-L)
- 1552-3993
- OpenAlex
- W1997422591
- Cited by
- 513
- References
- 10
- FWCI
- 27.51
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
How to cite
Cite CoChat for the checks on this page, and the paper for its own findings.
- This page
- CoChat. (2026). Citation check: Silver Bullet or Voodoo Statistics?: A Primer for Using the Partial Least Squares Data Analytic Technique in Group and Organization Research. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1177/1059601108329198
- The paper
- Sosik, J. J., Kahai, S. S., & Piovoso, M. J. (2009). Silver Bullet or Voodoo Statistics?: A Primer for Using the Partial Least Squares Data Analytic Technique in Group and Organization Research. Group & Organization Management. https://doi.org/10.1177/1059601108329198
Data sources
Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.
Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.