Cited by 293Mental Health Research TopicsPersonality Disorders and PsychopathologyPsychometric Methodologies and Testing

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Bridging the Nomothetic and Idiographic Approaches to the Analysis of Clinical Data

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Beltz, Adriene M., Wright, Aidan G. C., Sprague, Briana N., Molenaar, Peter C. M.·2016·Assessment

DOI 10.1177/1073191116648209PMC PMC5104664

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Abstract

The nomothetic approach (i.e., the study of interindividual variation) dominates analyses of clinical data, even though its assumption of homogeneity across people and time is often violated. The idiographic approach (i.e., the study of intraindividual variation) is best suited for analyses of heterogeneous clinical data, but its person-specific methods and results have been criticized as unwieldy. Group iterative multiple model estimation (GIMME) combines the assets of the nomothetic and idiographic approaches by creating person-specific maps that contain a group-level structure. The maps show how intensively measured variables predict and are predicted by each other at different time scales. In this article, GIMME is introduced conceptually and mathematically, and then applied to an empirical data set containing the negative affect, detachment, disinhibition, and hostility composite ratings from the daily diaries of 25 individuals with personality pathology. Results are discussed with the aim of elucidating GIMME’s potential for clinical research and practice.

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Authors: Beltz, A. M., Wright, A. G. C., Sprague, B. N., & Molenaar, P. C. M.
Affiliations: Pennsylvania State University (US)
University of Pittsburgh (US)
Corresponding author: Beltz, Adriene M.
ORCID: Beltz, Adriene M.
Wright, Aidan G. C.
Sprague, Briana N.
Molenaar, Peter C. M.
Venue: Assessment
Publisher: SAGE Publications
Published: 2016-05-10
Volume: 23
Issue: 4
Pages: 447-458
ISSN: 1073-1911 (ISSN-L)
1552-3489
DOI: 10.1177/1073191116648209
PMC: PMC5104664
OpenAlex: W2358148633
Cited by: 293
References: 49
Citations by year: 2026: 23 · 2025: 30 · 2024: 30 · 2023: 37 · 2022: 31 · 2021: 35 · 2020: 34 · 2019: 27 · 2018: 26 · 2017: 16 · 2016: 4
FWCI: 34.63
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: green
www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
Licence: journals.sagepub.com/page/policies/text-and-data-mining-license (tdm)
Locations: Assessment (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (acceptedVersion)
PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
Funders: National Science Foundation
National Institute of Mental Health (F32MH097325, R01MH080086, L30-MH101760)
Topics: Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Mental Health Research Topics
Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Personality Disorders and Psychopathology
Social Sciences › Decision Sciences › Management Science and Operations Research › Psychometric Methodologies and Testing
Keywords: nomothetic approach, idiographic approach, group iterative multiple model estimation, GIMME, within-person variability, interindividual variability, daily diary, personality pathology, negative affect, detachment, disinhibition, hostility
MeSH terms: Biological Variation, Population, Adult, Female, Humans, Individuality, Male, Mathematics, Models, Psychological, Personality Disorders, Statistics as Topic

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Bridging the Nomothetic and Idiographic Approaches to the Analysis of Clinical Data

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