Efficacy of ADHD coaching for adults with ADHD
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: This is perhaps the first outcome study on the efficacy of ADHD coaching for adults with ADHD and its long-term effect. METHOD: Forty-five adults (30 women, 15 men) rated 22 areas of concern before and after the coaching experience. Factor analysis of the 22 areas of concern revealed five factors. Descriptive statistics and intercorrelations were analyzed on the five factors. RESULTS: Test-retest reliabilities for each factor ranged from .44 to .61, all statistically significant at p < .01. In addition, there are many significant correlations between factors at similar times and factors at different time periods that provide preliminary research support for the efficacy of ADHD coaching. Repeated measures two-way analysis of variance was used to determine the effects of ADHD coaching alone as well as the combined effect with therapy or stimulants. CONCLUSIONS: ADHD coaching had a positive impact on the lives of people with ADHD.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Claims the paper makes
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
Evidence suggests structured coaching programs can significantly improve goal attainment, organization, and functional outcomes.
“Evidence suggests that structured coaching programs can significantly improve goal attainment, organization, and functional outcomes [200].”
From ADHD in Adulthood: Clinical Presentation, Comorbidities, and Treatment Perspectives (2025) · cites this paper as [200]
Cites
Neural Activity When People Solve Verbal Problems with Insight
Beeman, M. J., Bowden, E. M., Haberman, J. M., Frymiare, J. L., Arambel-Liu, S., Greenblatt, R. E., Reber, P. J., & Kounios, J. (2004) · PLoS Biology · doi:10.1371/journal.pbio.0020097 · Cited by 1,025 · see citing works
ATTENTION-DEFICIT HYPERACTIVITY DISORDER IN ADULTS
Wender, P. H. (1998) · Psychiatric Clinics of North America · doi:10.1016/s0193-953x(05)70039-3 · Cited by 728 · see citing works
Dulcan, M. (1997) · Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry · doi:10.1097/00004583-199710001-00007 · Cited by 628 · see citing works
ADHD in Adults: What the Science Says
Barkley, R., Murphy, K. R., & Fischer, M. (2007) · Choice Reviews Online · doi:10.5860/choice.45-5266 · Cited by 382 · see citing works
ADHD In Adults: What the Science Says
Surman, C. B. H. (2008) · The Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease · doi:10.1097/nmd.0b013e31818b466b · Cited by 341 · see citing works
Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder in adults
Feifel, D. (1996) · Postgraduate Medicine · doi:10.3810/pgm.1996.09.78 · Cited by 258 · see citing works
Brown Attention-Deficit Disorder Scales
Mandal, R. L., & Olmi, D. J. (2000) · SpringerReference · doi:10.1007/springerreference_179816 · Cited by 240 · see citing works
A Combined Treatment Approach for Adults With ADHD—Results of an Open Study of 43 Patients
Rostain, A. L., & Ramsay, J. R. (2006) · Journal of Attention Disorders · doi:10.1177/1087054706288110 · Cited by 199 · see citing works
Accuracy of Self-Evaluation in Adults with ADHD
Knouse, L. E., Bagwell, C. L., Barkley, R. A., & Murphy, K. R. (2005) · Journal of Attention Disorders · doi:10.1177/1087054705280159 · Cited by 163 · see citing works
Ramsay, J. R., & Rostain, A. L. (2007) · Professional Psychology Research and Practice · doi:10.1037/0735-7028.38.4.338 · Cited by 56 · see citing works
Goldstein, S. (2005) · Journal of Attention Disorders · doi:10.1177/1087054705282198 · Cited by 30 · see citing works
Flagged first, then by citations
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Updated European Consensus Statement on diagnosis and treatment of adult ADHD
Kooij, J. J. S., Bijlenga, D., Salerno, L., Jaeschke, R., Bitter, I., Balázs, J., Thome, J., Dom, G., Kasper, S., Nunes Filipe, C., et al. (2019) · European Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.eurpsy.2018.11.001 · Cited by 686 · see citing works
The Effectiveness of Mindfulness-Based Therapies for ADHD: A Meta-Analytic Review
Cairncross, M., & Miller, C. (2020) · Journal of Attention Disorders · doi:10.1177/1087054715625301 · Cited by 202 · see citing works
Developmental Context and Treatment Principles for ADHD Among College Students
Fleming, A. P., & McMahon, R. J. (2012) · Clinical Child and Family Psychology Review · doi:10.1007/s10567-012-0121-z · Cited by 150 · see citing works
An Empirical Evaluation of ADHD Coaching in College Students
Prevatt, F., & Yelland, S. (2015) · Journal of Attention Disorders · doi:10.1177/1087054713480036 · Cited by 91 · see citing works
Young, S., Adamou, M., Asherson, P. J., Coghill, D., Colley, B., Gudjonsson, G. H., Hollis, C. P., McCarthy, J. M., Müller, U., Paul, M., et al. (2016) · BMC Psychiatry · doi:10.1186/s12888-016-1013-4 · Cited by 72 · see citing works
Quintero, J., Gutiérrez-Casares, J. R., & Álamo, C. (2022) · Neurology and Therapy · doi:10.1007/s40120-022-00392-2 · Cited by 70 · see citing works
LaCount, P. A., Hartung, C. M., Shelton, C. R., & Stevens, A. E. (2015) · Journal of Attention Disorders · doi:10.1177/1087054715594423 · Cited by 67 · see citing works
Addressing Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder in the Workplace
Sarkis, E. H. (2014) · Postgraduate Medicine · doi:10.3810/pgm.2014.09.2797 · Cited by 46 · see citing works
Sehlin, H., Ahlström, B. H., Andersson, G., & Wentz, E. (2018) · BMC Psychiatry · doi:10.1186/s12888-018-1599-9 · Cited by 43 · see citing works
LaCount, P. A., Hartung, C. M., Shelton, C. R., Clapp, J. D., & Clapp, T. K. W. (2014) · Cognitive and Behavioral Practice · doi:10.1016/j.cbpra.2014.07.004 · Cited by 45 · see citing works
Women with ADHD: It is an explanation, not the excuse du jour
Waite, R. (2010) · Perspectives In Psychiatric Care · doi:10.1111/j.1744-6163.2010.00254.x · Cited by 43 · see citing works
Bjerrum, M. B., Pedersen, P. U., & Larsen, P. (2017) · The JBI Database of Systematic Reviews and Implementation Reports · doi:10.11124/jbisrir-2017-003357 · Cited by 44 · see citing works
Are Motivation Deficits Underestimated in Patients With ADHD? A Review of the Literature
Modesto-Lowe, V., Chaplin, M., Soovajian, V., & Meyer, A. (2013) · Postgraduate Medicine · doi:10.3810/pgm.2013.07.2677 · Cited by 41 · see citing works
Assessing Treatment Outcomes in Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder
Epstein, J. N., & Weiss, M. D. (2012) · The Primary Care Companion For CNS Disorders · doi:10.4088/pcc.11r01336 · Cited by 37 · see citing works
A Descriptive Review of ADHD Coaching Research: Implications for College Students.
Ahmann, E., Tuttle, L. J., Saviet, M., & Wright, S. D. (2018) · The Journal of Postsecondary Education and Disability · Cited by 35 · see citing works
Lauder, K., McDowall, A., & Tenenbaum, H. R. (2022) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2022.893469 · Cited by 36 · see citing works
Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder in pregnancy and the postpartum period
Scoten, O. C., Tabi, K., Paquette, V., Carrion, P. B., Ryan, D. M., Radonjić, N. V., Whitham, E. A., & Hippman, C. (2024) · American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology · doi:10.1016/j.ajog.2024.02.297 · Cited by 33 · see citing works
Freeman, M. P. (2014) · American Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1176/appi.ajp.2013.13050680 · Cited by 32 · see citing works
Champ, R., Adamou, M., & Tolchard, B. (2021) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0261247 · Cited by 27 · see citing works
He, J. A., & Antshel, K. M. (2016) · Cognitive and Behavioral Practice · doi:10.1016/j.cbpra.2016.03.010 · Cited by 22 · see citing works
Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder in a Chronic Care Paradigm
Culpepper, L., & Fried, R. (2013) · Postgraduate medicine · doi:10.3810/pgm.2013.07.2680 · Cited by 12 · see citing works
Recognizing and Treating Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder in College Students
Prevatt, F. F., & Young, J. (2014) · Journal of College Student Psychotherapy · doi:10.1080/87568225.2014.914825 · Cited by 22 · see citing works
Wong, A. Y., Bryck, R. L., Baker, R. S., Hutt, S. J., & Mills, C. (2023) · International Conference on Learning Analytics and Knowledge (LAK) · doi:10.1145/3576050.3576115 · Cited by 16 · see citing works
Psychosocial Therapy in the Treatment of Adults With Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder
Manos, M. J. (2013) · Postgraduate Medicine · doi:10.3810/pgm.2013.03.2641 · Cited by 14 · see citing works
Research Advances in ADHD and Technology
Cibrian, F. L., Hayes, G. R., & Lakes, K. D. (2021) · Synthesis lectures on technology and health · doi:10.1007/978-3-031-01606-6 · Cited by 13 · see citing works
Social Relationships of Individuals with ADHD Across the Lifespan
Wiener, J. (2023) · Autism and child psychopathology series · doi:10.1007/978-3-031-41709-2_20 · Cited by 13 · see citing works
ADHD in Adulthood: Clinical Presentation, Comorbidities, and Treatment Perspectives
Bogdańska-Chomczyk, E., Majewski, M. K., & Kozłowska, A. (2025) · International Journal of Molecular Sciences · doi:10.3390/ijms262211020 · Cited by 15 · see citing works
“Evidence suggests that structured coaching programs can significantly improve goal attainment, organization, and functional outcomes [200].”
Adult attention deficit hyperactivity disorder: translating research into practice
Coogan, A. N., Dobrean, A., Donev, R., Mateescu, L., Müller, U., Thome, J., & Voinescu, B. (2012) · ADHD Attention Deficit and Hyperactivity Disorders · doi:10.1007/s12402-012-0073-7 · Cited by 10 · see citing works
Groß, S., Figge, C., Matthies, S., & Philipsen, A. (2015) · Der Nervenarzt · doi:10.1007/s00115-015-4328-3 · Cited by 9 · see citing works
Chammas, C. B., & Hernandez, J. M. D. C. (2025) · International Journal of Training and Development · doi:10.1111/ijtd.12376 · Cited by 8 · see citing works
Psychosocial Treatment for Adult ADHD
Knouse, L. E., & Safren, S. A. (2012) · Humana Press eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-1-62703-248-3_7 · Cited by 8 · see citing works
Research Advances in ADHD and Technology
Cibrian, F. L., Hayes, G. R., & Lakes, K. D. (2020) · Synthesis lectures on assistive, rehabilitative, and health-preserving technologies · doi:10.2200/s01061ed1v01y202011arh015 · Cited by 8 · see citing works
Wolfe, E. S., & Madden, K. J. (2016) · Journal of Athletic Training · doi:10.4085/1062-6050-51.12.11 · Cited by 8 · see citing works
Demographics, Services, and Practices in Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder Coaching in the US
Sibley, M. H., Graham, E. D., Holbrook, J. K., Dvorsky, M. R., Yegüez, C. E., Rosier, T., Coghill, D., Page, T. F., Fouché, R., & Demuth, J. (2026) · JAMA Network Open · doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2025.52407 · Cited by 6 · see citing works
Ramsay, J. R., & Rostain, A. L. (2014) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/cbo9781139035491.030 · Cited by 6 · see citing works
ADHD in College Students - a Guide for Clinicians and Administrators
Winkler, A., Bohle-Frankel, B., White, L. A., Strauss, G. D., & Gottlieb, D. T. (2020) · Current Psychopharmacologye · doi:10.2174/2211556009999200616132427 · Cited by 6 · see citing works
Jaeschke, R. R., & Sułkowska, J. (2025) · Journal of Clinical Medicine · doi:10.3390/jcm14238494 · Cited by 5 · see citing works
ADHD Coaching: Evolution of the Field
Ahmann, E., & Saviet, M. (2021) · The ADHD Report · doi:10.1521/adhd.2021.29.6.1 · Cited by 6 · see citing works
Ron, A. G., Grasa, R. S., Lago, R. B., Hernani, B. H., & Martinez, D. A. P. (2015) · Neurología · doi:10.1016/j.nrl.2015.06.017 · Cited by 5 · see citing works
Return to Work in Mild Cognitive Disorders
Ettenhofer, M. L., Stavro, G. M., & Melrose, R. J. (2015) · Handbooks in health, work, and disability · doi:10.1007/978-1-4899-7627-7_31 · Cited by 4 · see citing works
Rösler, M. (2015) · Die Psychiatrie · doi:10.1055/s-0038-1669890 · Cited by 4 · see citing works
Ron, A. G., Grasa, R. S., Lago, R. B., Hernani, B. H., & Martinez, D. A. P. (2016) · Neurología (English Edition) · doi:10.1016/j.nrleng.2015.06.001 · Cited by 4 · see citing works
Lux, S., Rosén, H., Aslan, B., & Philipsen, A. (2020) · Der Nervenarzt · doi:10.1007/s00115-020-00916-x · Cited by 4 · see citing works
ADHD and Career Success: Barriers, Facilitators, and Future Research Directions
Samosh, D. S., Lilius, J. M., & Atwood, K. (2024) · Palgrave studies in equity, diversity, inclusion, and indigenization in business · doi:10.1007/978-3-031-55072-0_12 · Cited by 4 · see citing works
Using the 12-Steps as a Parenting Intervention With ADHD Adolescents
Grogan, M., & Weitzman, J. (2015) · American Journal of Family Therapy · doi:10.1080/01926187.2015.1051904 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
Adult Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) in ASD
Salerno, L., & Kooij, J. J. S. (2019) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-030-26276-1_11 · Cited by 4 · see citing works
The Treatment of Adult ADHD: Complexity at Hand
Pallanti, S., & Salerno, L. (2020) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-030-39051-8_19 · Cited by 3 · see citing works
Booker, G. C. (2024) · The Journal of Aviation/Aerospace Education and Research · doi:10.58940/2329-258x.2012 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
Davies, M. A., & Stilley, C. S. (2015) · The Journal for Nurse Practitioners · doi:10.1016/j.nurpra.2014.08.017 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
Coaching for Adults With ADHD: A Prospective Study
Ahmann, E., Saviet, M., & Otto, M. (2026) · American Journal of Lifestyle Medicine · doi:10.1177/15598276261432960 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Therapie der ADHS unter Berücksichtigung psychotherapeutischer Studien
Groß, S., Lam, A. P., Matthies, S., & Philipsen, A. (2016) · InFo Neurologie + Psychiatrie · doi:10.1007/s15005-016-1587-x · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Mackenzie, G. (2017) · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Psychosocial Treatment of ADHD
Sadek, J. R. (2013) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-319-02359-5_12 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Bowles, V. M. (2012) · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Qualitative Study of Computer-Mediated Communication:Coaching Adults With Developmental Disabilities
Ando, M., & Kumagai, K. (2020) · The Japanese Journal of Special Education · doi:10.6033/tokkyou.57.259 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
The college experience for students with ADHD
Pirozzi, M. (2021) · doi:10.17760/d20409195 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Anforderungen an die weitere Forschung
Hinkelmann, R. (2015) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-3-437-31585-5.00007-4
Employment Acquisition, Work Productivity, and Job Retention
London, J. B., Molinero, A. M., & McCue, M. P. (2011)
Κάρμα, Σ. –. Ε. (2017) · Πανελλήνιο Συνέδριο Επιστημών Εκπαίδευσης · doi:10.12681/edusc.963
Saeed, S., Jiang, C., Lang, Y., & Xi, W. (2022) · Journal of Health, Medicine and Nursing · doi:10.7176/jhmn/98-01
Knutsen, B., & Kvello, Ø. (2022) · Tidsskrift for psykisk helsearbeid · doi:10.18261/tph.19.4.7
Ando, M., & Kumagai, K. (2022) · The Japanese Journal of Special Education · doi:10.6033/tokkyou.60.133
Informationen zu ADHS im Erwachsenenalter
Dahlhoff, M. (2024) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-658-43115-0_1
Structured Coaching Frameworks for Inclusive and Personalized Education
Aberdeen, I. (2025) · IGI Global eBooks · doi:10.4018/979-8-3373-4445-4.ch012
Coaching for Adults With ADHD: Gains at a Six-Week Follow-Up
Ahmann, E., Saviet, M., & Otto, M. (2026) · American Journal of Lifestyle Medicine · doi:10.1177/15598276261473877 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
ADHD coaching since the COVID-19 pandemic: Is there a new wave of ADHD coaches?
Graham, E. D., Dvorsky, M. R., Yegüez, C. E., Holbrook, J. K., & Sibley, M. H. (2026) · Frontiers in Psychiatry · doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2026.1841020
- Authors
- Kubik, J. A.
- Affiliations
- Bridge To Success Skills Training, LLC,
- Corresponding author
- Kubik, Joyce A.
- Venue
- Journal of Attention Disorders
- Publisher
- SAGE Publications
- Published
- 2009-03-10
- Volume
- 13
- Issue
- 5
- Pages
- 442-453
- ISSN
- 1087-0547 (ISSN-L)
- 1557-1246
- OpenAlex
- W2087781785
- Cited by
- 67
- References
- 11
- Citations by year
- 2026: 4 · 2025: 4 · 2024: 4 · 2023: 2 · 2022: 5 · 2021: 4 · 2020: 5 · 2019: 1 · 2018: 3 · 2017: 3 · 2016: 6 · 2015: 9 · 2014: 5 · 2013: 5 · 2012: 5
- FWCI
- 1.44
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Journal of Attention Disorders (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Applied Psychology › Coaching Methods and Impact
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Developmental and Educational Psychology › Behavioral and Psychological Studies
- Keywords
- adult ADHD, coaching efficacy, long-term outcomes, test-retest reliability, Areas of Concern, stimulant medication, quality of life
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity, Behavior Therapy, Factor Analysis, Statistical, Female, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Quality of Life, Surveys and Questionnaires, Severity of Illness Index, Time, Treatment Outcome, Patient Selection
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
