Cited by 620Racial and Ethnic Identity ResearchPublic Health and Social InequalitiesHealth disparities and outcomes

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Racial capitalism: a fundamental cause of novel coronavirus (covid-19) pandemic inequities in the United States.

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Laster Pirtle, Whitney N.·2020·Health Education & Behavior

DOI 10.1177/1090198120922942PMC PMC7301291

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Abstract

Racial capitalism is a fundamental cause of the racial and socioeconomic inequities within the novel coronavirus pandemic (COVID-19) in the United States. The overrepresentation of Black death reported in Detroit, Michigan is a case study for this argument. Racism and capitalism mutually construct harmful social conditions that fundamentally shape COVID-19 disease inequities because they (a) shape multiple diseases that interact with COVID-19 to influence poor health outcomes; (b) affect disease outcomes through increasing multiple risk factors for poor, people of color, including racial residential segregation, homelessness, and medical bias; (c) shape access to flexible resources, such as medical knowledge and freedom, which can be used to minimize both risks and the consequences of disease; and (d) replicate historical patterns of inequities within pandemics, despite newer intervening mechanisms thought to ameliorate health consequences. Interventions should address social inequality to achieve health equity across pandemics.

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Authors: Laster Pirtle, W. N.
Affiliations: University of California Merced, Merced, CA, USA
ORCID: Laster Pirtle, Whitney N.
Venue: Health Education & Behavior
Publisher: SAGE Publications
Published: 2020-04-26
Volume: 47
Issue: 4
Pages: 504-508
ISSN: 1090-1981 (ISSN-L)
1552-6127
DOI: 10.1177/1090198120922942
PMC: PMC7301291
OpenAlex: W3019091879
Cited by: 619
References: 22
Citations by year: 2026: 17 · 2025: 52 · 2024: 62 · 2023: 95 · 2022: 168 · 2021: 156 · 2020: 69
FWCI: 163.20
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: hybrid
doi.org
Licence: cc-by
creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (unspecified)
Locations: Health Education & Behavior (publishedVersion, cc-by)
PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Topics: Social Sciences › Sociology and Political Science › Racial and Ethnic Identity Research
Social Sciences › Health › Public Health and Social Inequalities
Social Sciences › Health › Health disparities and outcomes
Keywords: racial capitalism, COVID-19 pandemic, health disparities, racial disparities in mortality, African Americans, Detroit, racial residential segregation, homelessness, medical bias, social determinants of health, health equity, structural racism
MeSH terms: Health Equity, Betacoronavirus, COVID-19, SARS-CoV-2, Humans, Michigan, Pneumonia, Viral, Risk Factors, Socioeconomic Factors, United States, Coronavirus Infections, Capitalism, Health Status Disparities, Pandemics, Racism

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Racial capitalism: a fundamental cause of novel coronavirus (covid-19) pandemic inequities in the United States.

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