Cited by 3,373Health and Wellbeing ResearchBehavioral Health and InterventionsHealth Education and Validation

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Development of the Multidimensional Health Locus of Control (MHLC) Scales

Wallston, Kenneth A., Strudler Wallston, Barbara, DeVellis, Robert·1978·Health Education Monographs

DOI 10.1177/109019817800600107

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Abstract

The development of the Multidimensional Health Locus of Control scales is described. Scales have been developed to tap beliefs that the source of reinforcements for health-related behaviors is primarily internal, a matter of chance, or under the control of powerful others. These scales are based on earlier work with a general Health Locus of Control Scale, which, in turn, was developed from Rotter's social learning theory. Equivalent forms of the scales are presented along with initial internal consistency and validity data. Possible means of utilizing these scales are provided.

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Widowhood and Other Demographic Associations of Pain in Independent Older People
Bradbeer, M., Helme, R. D., Yong, H., Kendig, H. L., & Gibson, S. J. (2003) · Clinical Journal of Pain · doi:10.1097/00002508-200307000-00008 · Cited by 53
Awareness/relaxation training and transcutaneous electrical neural stimulation in the treatment of bruxism
Treacy, K. (1999) · Journal of Oral Rehabilitation · doi:10.1046/j.1365-2842.1999.00381.x · Cited by 53
Evolution of Dental School Clinics as Patient Care Delivery Centers
Formicola, A. J., Myers, R., Hasler, J. F., Peterson, M., Dodge, W. W., Bailit, H. L., Beazoglou, T. J., & Tedesco, L. A. (2008) · Journal of Dental Education · doi:10.1002/j.0022-0337.2008.72.2_suppl.tb04488.x · Cited by 53
Spinal Cord Injury, Posttraumatic Stress, and Locus of Control Among the Elderly: A Comparison with Young and Middle–Aged Patients
Chung, M. C., Preveza, E., Papandreou, K., & Prevezas, N. (2006) · Psychiatry · doi:10.1521/psyc.2006.69.1.69 · Cited by 53
“One plausible explanation for this is that when these patients were responding to the MHLC questionnaire items, they may have done so in the light of what caused their SCI.”
BackgroundInfluential
Changing the behavior of patients with periodontitis.
Renz, A., & Newton, J. (2009) · Periodontology 2000 · doi:10.1111/j.1600-0757.2009.00314.x · Cited by 60
Amenorrhea in anorexia nervosa neuroendocrine control of hypothalamic dysfunction
Golden, N. H., & Shenker, I. R. (1994) · International Journal of Eating Disorders · doi:10.1002/1098-108x(199407)16:1 · Cited by 57
The association of psycho‐social factors and survival in head and neck cancer
Mehanna, H. M., de Boer, M. F., & Morton, R. P. (2008) · Clinical Otolaryngology · doi:10.1111/j.1749-4486.2008.01666.x · Cited by 53
Differential prediction of dental health behaviour by self‐esteem and health locus of control in young adolescents
Regis, D., Macgregor, I. D. M., & Balding, J. (1994) · Journal Of Clinical Periodontology · doi:10.1111/j.1600-051x.1994.tb00281.x · Cited by 53
Using conjoint analysis to elicit the views of health service users: an application to the patient health card
Ryan, M., McIntosh, E., & Shackley, P. (1998) · Health Expectations · doi:10.1046/j.1369-6513.1998.00024.x · Cited by 53
Psychosocial aspects of antiretroviral medication use among HIV patients
Aversa, S. L., & Kimberlin, C. L. (1996) · Patient Education and Counseling · doi:10.1016/0738-3991(96)00910-x · Cited by 53
Pain state as artifact in the psychological assessment of recurrent headache sufferers
Holroyd, K. A., France, J. L., Nash, J. M., & Hursey, K. G. (1993) · Pain · doi:10.1016/0304-3959(93)90085-4 · Cited by 53
The Latina Breast Cancer Control Study, Year One: Factors Predicting Screening Mammography Utilization by Urban Latina Women in Massachusetts
Laws, M. B., & Mayo, S. J. (1998) · Journal of Community Health · doi:10.1023/a:1018776704683 · Cited by 53
Dutch women’s intended participation in a risk-based breast cancer screening and prevention programme: a survey study identifying preferences, facilitators and barriers
Rainey, L., van der Waal, D., & Broeders, M. J. M. (2020) · BMC Cancer · doi:10.1186/s12885-020-07464-2 · Cited by 52
“It was measured with the widely-used and validated 18-item Multidimensional Health Locus of Control Scales [12, 13].”
BackgroundMethod
Sexual Risk-Taking among High-Risk Urban Women with and without Histories of Childhood Sexual Abuse: Mediating Effects of Contextual Factors
Mosack, K. E., Randolph, M. E., Dickson‐Gómez, J., Abbott, M., Smith, E., & Weeks, M. R. (2010) · Journal of Child Sexual Abuse · doi:10.1080/10538710903485591 · Cited by 52
“This measure, which was adapted from the original Multidimensional Health Locus of Control (MHLC) scales ( Wallston, Wallston, & DeVellis, 1978 ) and the Locus of Control for General Health and STD Acquisition ( Rosenthal et al, 1999 ), is an 11-item measure designed to examine internal and external locus of control (…”
Method
Subjective health in old age from a salutogenic perspective
Wiesmann, U., Niehörster, G., & Hannich, H. (2009) · British Journal of Health Psychology · doi:10.1348/135910709x413124 · Cited by 52
Negative Stress Beliefs Predict Somatic Symptoms in Students Under Academic Stress
Fischer, S., Nater, U. M., & Laferton, J. A. C. (2016) · International Journal of Behavioral Medicine · doi:10.1007/s12529-016-9562-y · Cited by 71
“Items were generated based on the stress beliefs literature, interviews with lay persons, and already existing questionnaires measuring related constructs [16, 17].”
Method

Authors: Wallston, K. A., Strudler Wallston, B., & DeVellis, R.
Affiliations: Vanderbilt University (US)
George Peabody College for Teachers Nashville, Tennessee
ORCID: Wallston, Kenneth A.
Venue: Health Education Monographs
Publisher: SAGE Publications
Published: 1978-03
Volume: 6
Issue: 1
Pages: 160-170
ISSN: 0073-1455 (ISSN-L)
DOI: 10.1177/109019817800600107
OpenAlex: W2134621022
Cited by: 3,373
References: 9
Citations by year: 2026: 58 · 2025: 55 · 2024: 79 · 2023: 80 · 2022: 105 · 2021: 111 · 2020: 99 · 2019: 74 · 2018: 84 · 2017: 75 · 2016: 111 · 2015: 120 · 2014: 102 · 2013: 95 · 2012: 95
FWCI: 51.69
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: closed
Licence: journals.sagepub.com/page/policies/text-and-data-mining-license (tdm)
Locations: Health Education Monographs (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Topics: Health Sciences › Health Professions › General Health Professions › Health and Wellbeing Research
Social Sciences › Psychology › Applied Psychology › Behavioral Health and Interventions
Health Sciences › Nursing › Research and Theory › Health Education and Validation
Keywords: health locus of control, Multidimensional Health Locus of Control Scale, health behavior, internal locus of control, chance locus of control, powerful others locus of control, scale development, social learning theory, Rotter, scale validation, internal consistency
MeSH terms: Adult, Attitude to Health, Female, Humans, Internal-External Control, Male, Psychological Tests

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Development of the Multidimensional Health Locus of Control (MHLC) Scales

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