Use of a Urine Color Chart to Monitor Hydration Status in Nursing Home Residents
Abstract
To determine whether urine color, as measured by a color chart, might be a valid indicator of hydration status in frail nursing home residents, this study tested the associations between urine color and urine specific gravity. This is a descriptive correlational study set in seven nursing homes in eastern Iowa. Ninety-eight nursing home residents > or =65 years of age participated. Exclusion criteria for the study included: unstable congestive heart failure or diabetes, documented renal disease, hyponatremia (serum sodium or =50 ml/min) had significant associations between average urine color and average Usg. Females with mild renal impairment (CrCl between 30 and 50 ml/min) also had significant associations between Ucol and Usg (r(s) = .64, p < .01). Ucol averaged over several individual readings offers another tool in assessing hydration status in Caucasian nursing home residents with adequate renal function measures by estimated CrCl values.
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Total body water is reduced in older adults.
“In addition, total body water is reduced, and many older adults use medications such as diuretics and laxatives which increase fluid losses (247-251).”
From ESPEN practical guideline: Clinical nutrition and hydration in geriatrics (2022) · cites this paper as [249]
Many older adults use medications such as diuretics and laxatives which increase fluid losses.
“In addition, total body water is reduced, and many older adults use medications such as diuretics and laxatives which increase fluid losses (247-251).”
From ESPEN practical guideline: Clinical nutrition and hydration in geriatrics (2022) · cites this paper as [249]
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Oral Nutritional Supplement Effects on Human Hydration Indices
Ellis, L. A. (2015) · OpenCommons - UConn (University of Connecticut)
- Authors
- Mentes, J. C., Wakefield, B., & Culp, K.
- Affiliations
- University of California, Los Angeles (US)
- Iowa City VA Medical Center (US)
- University of Iowa (US)
- Corresponding author
- Mentes, Janet C.
- Venue
- Biological Research For Nursing
- Publisher
- SAGE Publications
- Published
- 2006-01
- Volume
- 7
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 197-203
- ISSN
- 1099-8004 (ISSN-L)
- 1552-4175
- OpenAlex
- W2141541266
- Cited by
- 94
- References
- 25
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2025: 5 · 2024: 5 · 2023: 5 · 2022: 3 · 2021: 8 · 2020: 7 · 2019: 3 · 2018: 5 · 2017: 10 · 2016: 10 · 2015: 4 · 2014: 1 · 2013: 6 · 2012: 4
- FWCI
- 4.50
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Biological Research For Nursing (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Iowa Research Online (The University of Iowa) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institutes of Health (5f31nr007254-03)
- National Institute of Nursing Research (F31NR07254, R15NR04763)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Health Professions › General Health Professions › Geriatric Care and Nursing Homes
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine › Electrolyte and hormonal disorders
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Nephrology › Dialysis and Renal Disease Management
- Keywords
- urine color, hydration status, nursing home residents, urine specific gravity, frail elderly, renal function, creatinine clearance
- MeSH terms
- Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Colorimetry, Creatinine, Dehydration, Female, Humans, Iowa, Male, Metabolic Clearance Rate, Nursing Assessment, Nursing Homes, Reagent Strips, Severity of Illness Index, Sex Characteristics, Specific Gravity, Nursing Evaluation Research, Geriatric Assessment, Observer Variation, Urinalysis, Statistics, Nonparametric
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