A Randomized Controlled Trial of the Effects of Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction (MBSR[BC]) on Levels of Inflammatory Biomarkers Among Recovering Breast Cancer Survivors
Open accessAbstract
Purpose: The purpose of this substudy of a large randomized controlled trial was to evaluate the efficacy of the Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction (Breast Cancer) (MBSR[BC]) program compared to usual care (UC) in normalizing blood levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines among breast cancer survivors (BCS). Method: A total of 322 BCS were randomized to either a 6-week MBSR(BC) program or a UC. At baseline and 6 and 12 weeks, 10 ml of venous blood and demographic and clinical data were collected and/or updated. Plasma cytokines (interleukin [IL]-1β, IL-6, IL-10, tumor necrosis factor [TNF] α, transforming growth factor [TGF] β1, soluble tumor necrosis factor receptor [sTNFR] 1) were assayed. Linear mixed models were used to assess cytokine levels across three time points (baseline and 6 and 12 weeks) by group (MBSR[BC] vs. UC). Results: Of the six measured cytokines, three were nondetectable at rates greater than 50% (IL-10, IL-1β, TGF-β1) and, because of overall low prevalence, were not analyzed further. For the remaining cytokines (TNFα, IL-6, sTNFR1), results showed that TNFα and IL-6 increased during the follow-up period (between 6 and 12 weeks) rather than during the MBSR(BC) training period (between baseline and 6 weeks), while sTNFR1 levels did not change significantly across the 12-week period. Conclusions: Study results suggest that MBSR(BC) affects cytokine levels in BCS, mainly with increases in TNFα and IL-6. The data further suggest that B-cell modulation may be a part of immune recovery during breast cancer management and that increases in TNFα and IL-6 may be markers for MBSR(BC)-related recovery.
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TNF-α and IL-6 levels appear to elevate during follow-up after meditation among survivors of breast cancer.
“TNF-α and IL-6 levels appear to elevate during follow-up after meditation among survivors of breast cancer.24”
From Biological mechanism study of meditation and its application in mental disorders (2020) · cites this paper as [24]
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- Authors
- Reich, R. R., Lengacher, C. A., Klein, T. W., Newton, C., Shivers, S., Ramesar, S., Alinat, C. B., Paterson, C., Le, A., Park, J. Y., Johnson-Mallard, V., Elias, M., Moscoso, M., Goodman, M., & Kip, K. E.
- Affiliations
- Moffitt Cancer Center (US)
- University of South Florida (US)
- Breast Health Clinical and Research Integrated Strategic Program, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, USA
- National Institutes of Health (US)
- College of Nursing, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
- University of Virginia (US)
- Corresponding author
- Lengacher, Cecile A.
- ORCID
- Venue
- Biological Research For Nursing
- Publisher
- SAGE Publications
- Published
- 2017-05-01
- Volume
- 19
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- 456-464
- ISSN
- 1099-8004 (ISSN-L)
- 1552-4175
- PMC
- PMC5942506
- OpenAlex
- W2610354156
- Cited by
- 43
- References
- 44
- Citations by year
- 2026: 5 · 2025: 4 · 2024: 4 · 2023: 5 · 2022: 5 · 2021: 5 · 2020: 7 · 2019: 5 · 2018: 3
- FWCI
- 5.09
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- europepmc.org
- Locations
- Biological Research For Nursing (publishedVersion)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Digital Commons - University of South Florida (University of South Florida) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institutes of Health (5r01ca131080-05)
- National Cancer Institute (R01-CA131080, P30CA076292)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Mindfulness and Compassion Interventions
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Oncology › Cancer survivorship and care
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Cancer, Stress, Anesthesia, and Immune Response
- Keywords
- mindfulness-based stress reduction, breast cancer survivors, inflammatory cytokines, TNF-α, interleukin-6, soluble TNF receptor 1, immune recovery, mindfulness-based interventions
- MeSH terms
- Cancer Survivors, Adult, Breast Neoplasms, Female, Humans, Inflammation, Middle Aged, Stress, Psychological, Biomarkers, Cytokines, Mindfulness
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
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