The DOI matches its Crossref record; 80 of the 80 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Spiritual Care Training Provided to Healthcare Professionals: A Systematic Review
Abstract
This systematic review was conducted to assess the outcomes of spiritual care training. It outlines the training outcomes based on participants' oral/written feedback, course evaluation and performance assessment. Intervention was defined as any form of spiritual care training provided to healthcare professionals studying/working in an academic and/or clinical setting. An online search was conducted in MEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL, Web of Science, ERIC, PsycINFO, ASSIA, CSA, ATLA and CENTRAL up to Week 27 of 2013 by two independent investigators to reduce errors in inclusion. Only peer-reviewed journal articles reporting on training outcomes were included. A primary keyword-driven search found 4912 articles; 46 articles were identified as relevant for final analysis. The narrative synthesis of findings outlines the following outcomes: (1) acknowledging spirituality on an individual level, (2) success in integrating spirituality in clinical practice, (3) positive changes in communication with patients. This study examines primarily pre/post-effects within a single cohort. Due to an average study quality, the reported findings in this review are to be seen as indicators at most. Nevertheless, this review makes evident that without attending to one'the repeliefs and needs, addressing spirituality in patients will not be forthcoming. It also demonstrates that spiritual care training may help to challenge the spiritual vacuum in healthcare institutions.
Overview
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
In the citing paper
“Two systematic reviews have summarized evidence concerning the available instruments for taking a SH and assessing spiritual suffering.35,36”
In the citing paper
“An instrument known as Faith, Importance/Influence, Community, and Action/Address in care (FICA) obtained the highest scores for clinical utility and applicability and is among the most commonly used instruments.”
In the citing paper
“Most of the 25 instruments were developed for general use in clinical practice.”
In the citing paper
“Only two such instruments have been developed specifically for mental health: the Royal College of Psychiatrists Assessment and the Spiritual Assessment Interview.”
Citations
Cites
Popay, J., Roberts, H., Sowden, A., Petticrew, M., Arai, L., Rodgers, M., Britten, N., Roen, K., & Duffy, S. (2006) · Lancaster University · doi:10.13140/2.1.1018.4643 · Cited by 2,070
Complementary and alternative medicine: use and disclosure in radiation oncology community practice
Rausch, S. M., Winegardner, F., Kruk, K. M., Phatak, V. S., Wahner‐Roedler, D. L., Bauer, B. A., & Vincent, A. (2010) · Supportive Care in Cancer · doi:10.1007/s00520-010-0846-5 · Cited by 813
Taking a Spiritual History Allows Clinicians to Understand Patients More Fully
Puchalski, C. M., & Romer, A. L. (2000) · Journal of Palliative Medicine · doi:10.1089/jpm.2000.3.129 · Cited by 746
Holistic Nursing—A Handbook for Practice
(1998) · Journal of Emergency Nursing · doi:10.1016/s0099-1767(98)70080-7 · Cited by 365
Nurse and Physician Barriers to Spiritual Care Provision at the End of Life
Balboni, M. J., Sullivan, A., Enzinger, A. C., Epstein-Peterson, Z. D., Tseng, Y. D., MITCHELL, C. M., Niska, J. R., Zollfrank, A. A., VanderWeele, T. J., & Balboni, T. A. (2014) · Journal of Pain and Symptom Management · doi:10.1016/j.jpainsymman.2013.09.020 · Cited by 333
Oxford Textbook of Spirituality in Healthcare
Cobb, M. R., Puchalski, C. M., & Rumbold, B. (2012) · doi:10.1093/med/9780199571390.001.0001 · Cited by 270
Miller, W. R., & Thoresen, C. E. (1999) · American Psychological Association eBooks · doi:10.1037/10327-001 · Cited by 261
la Cour, P., & Hvidt, N. C. (2010) · Social Science & Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.socscimed.2010.06.024 · Cited by 222
Conducting systematic reviews in medical education: a stepwise approach
Cook, D. A., & West, C. P. (2012) · Medical Education · doi:10.1111/j.1365-2923.2012.04328.x · Cited by 186
Effects of spiritual care training for palliative care professionals
Wasner, M., Longaker, C., Fegg, M. J., & Borasio, G. D. (2005) · Palliative Medicine · doi:10.1191/0269216305pm995oa · Cited by 169
Flagged first, then by citations
Research works printed but not linked: 4
- Elhardt E., 2013, Spiritual Care, 1, 26
- Emmer R., 1984, Hospital Progress, 65, 64
- O’Shea E. R., 2011, Journal of Pediatric Nursing-Nursing Care of Children & Families, 26, 34
- Wasner M., 2008, Deutsches Ärzteblatt, 105, 674
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Items 101–158 of 158
Nurses’ models of spiritual care: Predictors of spiritual care competence
Mascio, R., Lynch, S., Phillips, J. L., & Best, M. C. (2024) · Palliative & Supportive Care · doi:10.1017/s1478951524000750 · Cited by 3
Kang, K., Kim, S., Kim, D.-B., Koh, S., Park, M., & Yoon, S.-J. (2022) · Cancer Nursing · doi:10.1097/ncc.0000000000001131 · Cited by 3
Linseisen, E., Flick, W., Frick, E., & Mächler, R. (2022) · Spiritual Care · doi:10.1515/spircare-2022-0038 · Cited by 3
Self-citationPsychometric testing of spirituality index of well-being for Chinese hospice volunteers
Zhang, C., & Xu, S. (2023) · Asia Pacific Journal of Social Work and Development · doi:10.1080/02185385.2023.2200201 · Cited by 3
Existenzielle Krisen und Sinnfragen in der Psychotherapie
Utsch, M. (2014) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-642-02523-5_2 · Cited by 3
Advancing the place of spiritual care within palliative care
Best, M. C. (2022) · Annals of Palliative Medicine · doi:10.21037/apm-22-1199 · Cited by 3
López-Tarrida, Á. C., Suárez-Reina, P., & de Diego‐Cordero, R. (2024) · Healthcare · doi:10.3390/healthcare13010035 · Cited by 9
Spiritual Care als interprofessioneller Ansatz in der Gesundheitsversorgung
Paal, P., & Grabenweger, R. (2024) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-662-67742-1_8 · Cited by 2
Self-citationArifin, S. R. M., Nazir, N. A. M., Samsudin, S., & Daud, N. (2022) · Malaysian Journal of Medicine and Health Sciences · doi:10.47836/mjmhs.18.s19.15 · Cited by 2
Gambaran kompetensi spiritual perawat
Ulliya, S., Nurmalia, D., Sulisno, M., Ardani, M. H., & Susilastuti, M. S. (2023) · Jurnal Kepemimpinan dan Manajemen Keperawatan · doi:10.32584/jkmk.v6i1.2031 · Cited by 2
Existential communication in maternity care – Mixed method evaluation of a postgraduate short course
Balle, C. K., Hvidtjørn, D., Brintow, M. B., Wu, C. S., & Prinds, C. (2024) · Sexual & Reproductive Healthcare · doi:10.1016/j.srhc.2024.100983 · Cited by 2
Leise Momente von Spiritual Care
Mayer, G. (2020) · Spiritual Care · doi:10.1515/spircare-2020-0087 · Cited by 1
Spiritual care competencies in pre-graduate medical and nursing education
Buchter, S., & Monod-Zorzi, S. (2024) · Spiritual Care · doi:10.1515/spircare-2023-0065 · Cited by 1
The development of spiritual competence training for high school students in Indonesia
Razak, A., Wirawan, H., Alwi, M. A., Lukman, & Jalal, N. M. (2024) · Cogent Education · doi:10.1080/2331186x.2024.2401254 · Cited by 12
Morland, M., Rykkje, L., & McSherry, W. (2024) · Nordisk Sygeplejeforskning · doi:10.18261/nsf.15.2.1 · Cited by 1
Double language scarcity: narrative accounts of spiritual and existential needs in aphasia
Nybo, H. H., Viftrup, D. T., & Isaksen, J. (2025) · Aphasiology · doi:10.1080/02687038.2025.2451656 · Cited by 1
An Existential and Spiritual Care Curriculum in Nursing Homes: Development and Evaluation
Frøkedal, H., Strøm, B. S., & Austad, A. (2025) · Scandinavian Journal of Caring Sciences · doi:10.1111/scs.70124 · Cited by 1
Revisiting Spirituality in Physical Therapy Practice: Perceptions of US Practitioners
Lavinder, G., Liberatos, P., Campo, M. A., Leegan, E., Moritz, M., Campo, R. T. A., & Terziyski, S. (2025) · Journal of Religion and Health · doi:10.1007/s10943-025-02502-4 · Cited by 1
Palyatif Bakımda Manevi Danışmanlık ve Rehberlik Hizmetlerinin Psiko-Teolojik Temelleri
Koç, M. (2025) · Türk Manevi Danışmanlık ve Rehberlik Dergisi · doi:10.56432/tmdrd.1757749 · Cited by 2
Nesbit, T. S., Coker, K. A.-A. R., Abraczinskas, M., O’Neal, L. J., Grunwald, S., McKune, S. L., & Forthun, L. F. (2026) · Journal of Religion and Health · doi:10.1007/s10943-025-02515-z · Cited by 1
Rogers, A. H., Roach, A., & Lopez, R. P. (2026) · International Journal of Palliative Nursing · doi:10.12968/ijpn.2023.0035 · Cited by 1
Dungan, L. (2016) · Practical Theology · doi:10.1080/1756073x.2016.1223396 · Cited by 1
Existenzielle Krisen und Sinnfragen in der Psychotherapie
Utsch, M. (2018) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-662-56009-9_2 · Cited by 1
Ndereba, K. M., & Wanja, S. (2024) · Christian Higher Education · doi:10.1080/15363759.2024.2402350 · Cited by 1
Shirkey, K. C. (2024) · Clinical Practice in Pediatric Psychology · doi:10.1037/cpp0000540 · Cited by 1
Douge, N., Toperzer, R., & DeLisser, H. M. (2025) · Palliative Medicine Reports · doi:10.1089/pmr.2024.0101 · Cited by 1
El desarrollo de la competencia espiritual en clínica
Diego, P. M., Ciccorossi, M., & Svoboda, I. F. (2022) · Revista Iberoamericana de Bioética · doi:10.14422/rib.i18.y2022.005 · Cited by 1
Magin, S., Frick, E., & Maier, K. (2022) · International Journal of Health Professions · doi:10.2478/ijhp-2022-0008 · Cited by 1
Self-citationCriteria for spiritual support in critical care
Frick, E., & Sattel, H. C. (2018) · Journal of Critical Care · doi:10.1016/j.jcrc.2018.09.017
Self-citationTHE USE OF REFLECTION FOR SPIRITUAL CARE LEARNING IN CLINICAL EDUCATION: A PILOT STUDY
Anastasia, G., Suhoyo, Y., Utomo, P. S., & Widyandana, D. (2020) · Jurnal Pendidikan Kedokteran Indonesia The Indonesian Journal of Medical Education · doi:10.22146/jpki.56923
Spiritual Accompaniment Training in Pediatric Palliative Care: A Case Study from Spain
Popescu, F., Ciccorossi, M., Svoboda, I. F., & Diego, P. M. (2021) · Lecture notes in networks and systems · doi:10.1007/978-3-030-80000-0_7
Adaptation and Implementation of Serious Illness Conversations in a Danish Hematological SettingPreprint
Viftrup, D. T., Myrhøj, C. B., Andersen, H. S., Hvidt, N. C., & Clemmensen, S. N. (2023) · Research Square · doi:10.21203/rs.3.rs-2747023/v1
Percepcija duhovnosti in duhovne oskrbe pri zaposlenih v slovenskih domovih za starejše
Kavčič, I. Š. (2023) · Bogoslovni vestnik · doi:10.34291/bv2023/01/svab
Shapira, R. (2023) · Journal of Clinical Nursing · doi:10.1111/jocn.16849
Huff, C., & Furchert, A. (2023) · Wiley eBooks · doi:10.1002/9781118817995.ch2
Ordu, Y., & Yılmaz, S. (2024) · Journal of Religion and Health · doi:10.1007/s10943-024-02010-x
Eksistentiel og åndelig omsorgstræning på hospice
Viftrup, D. T., Damgaard, H. H., & Nielsen, M. (2024) · Klinisk Sygepleje · doi:10.18261/ks.38.2.6
The Role of the Doctor in Spiritual Care
Best, M. C. (2024) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-031-50864-6_30
Spiritual care in palliative medicine: interactive, virtual workshop for specialists
White, D., Barham, D., McEniery, J., Mherekumombe, M., & Bridge, D. (2024) · BMJ Supportive & Palliative Care · doi:10.1136/spcare-2024-004889
Arata, K. A., Daher, N. S., & Hollister, J. (2025) · Perspectives of the ASHA Special Interest Groups · doi:10.1044/2025_persp-24-00069
Masihuddin, A., Shaikh, Z. A., & Nazish, A. (2025) · Advances in healthcare information systems and administration book series · doi:10.4018/979-8-3693-9092-4.ch017
What do we know about spiritual growth in healthcare literature? A scoping review
Shapira, R., Afonso, A., Sitefane, S., & Caldeira, S. (2025) · Journal for the Study of Spirituality · doi:10.1080/20440243.2025.2540621
Cho, H.-J., Kang, K., & Park, K.-Y. (2024) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.25770404
Tanzi, S., Artioli, G., Bertocchi, E., Balestra, G. L., Ghirotto, L., Cagna, M., Laurenti, F., & Sacchi, S. (2024) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.25200554
Tanzi, S., Artioli, G., Bertocchi, E., Balestra, G. L., Ghirotto, L., Cagna, M., Laurenti, F., & Sacchi, S. (2024) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.26679386
Tanzi, S., Artioli, G., Bertocchi, E., Balestra, G. L., Ghirotto, L., Cagna, M., Laurenti, F., & Sacchi, S. (2024) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.26679383
Tanzi, S., Artioli, G., Bertocchi, E., Balestra, G. L., Ghirotto, L., Cagna, M., Laurenti, F., & Sacchi, S. (2024) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.25200747
Chahrour, W. H., Hvidt, N. C., Hvidt, E. A., & Viftrup, D. T. (2021) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.15000018
Saringer-Siegl, S., Eßl‐Maurer, R., & Paal, P. (2026) · European Journal of Pediatrics · doi:10.1007/s00431-026-06790-0
Self-citationThe importance of spiritual care in pediatric intensive care units
Çaksen, H. (2025) · Health Care & Global Health · doi:10.22258/hgh.2025.91.190
Organizational Culture and Zero Error
Qidwai, M. A., Ahmed, B., & Yaqoob, A. (2026) · IGI Global eBooks · doi:10.4018/979-8-3373-2727-3.ch002
Wenham, J., Best, M. C., & Kissane, D. W. (2026) · Journal of religion and health · doi:10.1007/s10943-026-02658-7
Nuridah, N., & Yodang, Y. (2025) · Health Information Jurnal Penelitian · doi:10.36990/hijp.v17i1.1668
KIRAĞ, N., & Dağhan, Ş. (2026) · Sağlık akademisyenleri dergisi/Sağlık akademisyenler dergisi · doi:10.52880/sagakaderg.1770751
Givron, H., Meulen, C. V., Buchter, S., & Servotte, J. (2026) · Pédagogie médicale · doi:10.1051/pmed/2026010
Weinholt, W. (2026) · Spiritual Care · doi:10.1515/spircare-2026-0065
Ardakani, E. S., & Behzadinia, E. (2026) · Journal of Pastoral Care & Counseling Advancing theory and professional practice through scholarly and reflective publications · doi:10.1177/15423050261484610
Oyedotun, O. A., Anjorin, O., Dosa, D., Kapoor, A., Gurwitz, J. H., Berger, A., & Abu, H. O. (2026) · Frontiers in Medicine · doi:10.3389/fmed.2026.1892671
Metadata
- Authors
- Paal, P., Helo, Y., & Frick, E.
- Affiliations
- Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München (DE)
- Corresponding author
- Paal, Piret
- Venue
- Journal of Pastoral Care & Counseling: Advancing theory and professional practice through scholarly and reflective publications
- Publisher
- SAGE Publications
- Published
- 2015-03
- Volume
- 69
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 19-30
- ISSN
- 1542-3050 (ISSN-L)
- 2167-776X
- OpenAlex
- W2281012443
- Cited by
- 158
- References
- 80
- Citations by year
- 2026: 10 · 2025: 13 · 2024: 27 · 2023: 15 · 2022: 17 · 2021: 24 · 2020: 18 · 2019: 12 · 2018: 7 · 2017: 6 · 2016: 5 · 2015: 3
- FWCI
- 1.33
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Journal of Pastoral Care & Counseling Advancing theory and professional practice through scholarly and reflective publications (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- mediaTUM (Technical University of Munich) (submittedVersion)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Health › Religion, Spirituality, and Psychology
- Social Sciences › Business, Management and Accounting › Organizational Behavior and Human Resource Management › Workplace Spirituality and Leadership
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Cultural Competency in Health Care
- Keywords
- spiritual care education, healthcare workers, spirituality in clinical practice, patient communication, spiritual care, training outcomes, course evaluation, spiritual needs of patients
- MeSH terms
- Chaplaincy Service, Hospital, Education, Professional, Health Personnel, Humans, Pastoral Care, Professional Competence, Religion and Medicine
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review