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Cited by 9Child Nutrition and Feeding IssuesVitamin D Research StudiesAutism Spectrum Disorder Research

Calcium and vitamin D intake of boys who have autism

Williams-Hooker, Ruth, George, E. Olusegun, Levy, Marian, Morgan, Christin, Smith, Terra L., Bittle, Joyce B.·2013·ICAN: Infant, Child, & Adolescent Nutrition
DOI 10.1177/1941406413478167
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Abstract

Objective. To determine the calcium and vitamin D intake of boys with autism ages 7 to 12 years and to compare these intakes with the dietary reference intake (DRI). Design. This study is a cross-sectional design using data obtained from a validated Food Frequency Questionnaire that assesses daily calcium and vitamin D intake. Subjects. Subjects were recruited through the Autism Society of America. Forty-seven parents or caretakers of eligible subjects were included. Twenty-two of the subjects were boys with autism ages 7 to 8, and 25 of the subjects were boys with autism ages 9 to 12. Results. Seventeen out of 22 boys with autism ages 7 to 8 consumed significantly less calcium ( P = .0085) and vitamin D ( P = .0085) than the age-appropriate DRI. Twenty-three out of 25 boys with autism ages 9 to 12 consumed significantly less calcium than the DRI levels ( P = .0001). Twenty-one out of 25 boys with autism ages 9 to 12 also consumed significantly less vitamin D than the age-appropriate DRI levels ( P = .0045). Conclusion. Boys with autism ages 7 to 12 may be at higher risk for calcium and vitamin D deficiencies. These children would likely benefit from the services of a registered dietitian to prevent clinical manifestations of such deficiencies.

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  • Evidence suggests that a large proportion of children with ASD do not meet vitamin D requirements.

    “Evidence suggests that a large proportion of children with ASD do not meet vitamin D requirements [126,132,133,134,135,136].”

    From Vitamin D and Autism Spectrum Disorder: A Literature Review (2016) · cites this paper as [136]

  • Average vitamin D intake was 62% and 49% of dietary recommended intake (DRI) in boys with ASD aged 7-8 and 9-12 years, respectively.

    “Average vitamin D intake was 62% and 49% of dietary recommended intake (DRI) in boys with ASD aged 7–8 and 9–12 years, respectively [136].”

    From Vitamin D and Autism Spectrum Disorder: A Literature Review (2016) · cites this paper as [136]

  • Although these studies illustrated a large proportion of children with ASD not meeting the recommendations for vitamin D intake, they did not find any evidence that dietary intake of vitamin D in children with ASD differed from that of typically developing controls.

    “Although these studies illustrated a large proportion of children with ASD not meeting the recommendations for vitamin D intake, they did not find any evidence that dietary intake of vitamin D in children with ASD differed from that of typically developing controls.”

    From Vitamin D and Autism Spectrum Disorder: A Literature Review (2016) · cites this paper as [136]

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Authors
Williams-Hooker, R., George, E. O., Levy, M., Morgan, C., Smith, T. L., & Bittle, J. B.
Affiliations
  • University of Memphis, Memphis, Tennessee
  • University of Memphis (US)
ORCID
Venue
ICAN: Infant, Child, & Adolescent Nutrition
Publisher
SAGE Publications
Published
2013-02-25
Volume
5
Issue
2
Pages
113-117
ISSN
  • 1941-4064 (ISSN-L)
  • 1941-4072
DOI
10.1177/1941406413478167
OpenAlex
W2326601326
Cited by
9
References
9
Citations by year
2025: 1 · 2023: 1 · 2021: 1 · 2019: 1 · 2017: 1 · 2016: 3 · 2014: 1
FWCI
0.94
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed
Licence
journals.sagepub.com/page/policies/text-and-data-mining-license (tdm)
Locations
ICAN Infant Child & Adolescent Nutrition (publishedVersion)
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Child Nutrition and Feeding Issues
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Pathology and Forensic Medicine › Vitamin D Research Studies
  • Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Autism Spectrum Disorder Research
Keywords
autism spectrum disorder, calcium intake, vitamin D intake, Dietary Reference Intakes, calcium deficiency, vitamin D deficiency, children, dietary assessment, food frequency questionnaire, registered dietitians

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