The DOI matches its Crossref record; 54 of the 54 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
The Racial and Economic Context of Trump Support: Evidence for Threat, Identity, and Contact Effects in the 2016 Presidential Election
Abstract
Donald Trump’s ascent to the Presidency of the United States defied the expectations of many social scientists, pundits, and laypeople. To date, most efforts to understand Trump’s rise have focused on personality and demographic characteristics of White Americans. In contrast, the present work leverages a nationally representative sample of Whites to examine how contextual factors may have shaped support for Trump during the 2016 presidential primaries. Results reveal that neighborhood-level exposure to racial and ethnic minorities predicts greater group threat and racial identification among Whites as well as greater intentions to vote for Trump in the general election. At the same time, however, neighborhood diversity afforded Whites with opportunities for intergroup contact, which predicted lower levels of threat, White identification, and Trump support. Further analyses suggest that a healthy local economy mutes threat effects in diverse contexts, allowing contact processes to come to the fore.
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“Indeed, there is evidence that threats like scarcity and pathogen prevalence are associated with prejudice [32–40].”
From Ecological and cultural factors underlying the global distribution of prejudice (2019) · cites this paper as [38]
Citations
Cites
Southwestern Social Science Association (2010) · Social Science Quarterly · doi:10.1111/(issn)1540-6237 · Cited by 13,619
A meta-analytic test of intergroup contact theory.
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“Considerable research indicates that greater contact between ethno-racial groups reduces intergroup threat and hostility, while promoting more positive intergroup attitudes and trust (Pettigrew & Tropp, 2006; Pettigrew, Tropp, Wagner, & Christ, 2011).”
BackgroundPolitical conservatism as motivated social cognition.
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Sorted by citations
Jardina, A. E. (2019) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781108645157 · Cited by 1,223
Populism in Place: The Economic Geography of the Globalization Backlash
Broz, J. L., Frieden, J., & Weymouth, S. J. (2019) · International Organization · doi:10.1017/s0020818320000314 · Cited by 413
“There is substantial evidence that local unemployment or other economic distress interacts with immigration to spur a political response (Knowles and Tropp 2018; Cerrato et al. 2018).”
Rios, K., Sosa, N., & Osborn, H. (2018) · European Review of Social Psychology · doi:10.1080/10463283.2018.1537049 · Cited by 231
“…Trump felt economically marginalised and threatened by the prospect of immigrants further reducing the number of available jobs in the US (realistic threat), as well as expressed a desire to “make America great again” by reverting to traditional values (symbolic threat; Knowles & Tropp, 2018).”
BackgroundObaidi, M., Kunst, J. R., Ozer, S., & Kimel, S. Y. (2021) · Group Processes & Intergroup Relations · doi:10.1177/13684302211028293 · Cited by 213
“…replacement in this study were only mediated by symbolic threat, other studies show that Whites’ experience of both aversive economic conditions (i.e., realistic threat) and increased exposure to non-White minorities are associated with feelings of intergroup threat (e.g., Knowles & Tropp, 2018).”
ResultEcological and cultural factors underlying the global distribution of prejudice
Jackson, J. C., van Egmond, M., Choi, V. K., Ember, C. R., Halberstadt, J., Balanovic, J., Basker, I. N., Boehnke, K., Buki, N., Fischer, R., et al. (2019) · PLOS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0221953 · Cited by 144
Metadata
- Authors
- Knowles, E. D., & Tropp, L. R.
- Affiliations
- New York University (US)
- University of Massachusetts Amherst (US)
- Corresponding author
- Knowles, Eric D.
- Venue
- Social Psychological and Personality Science
- Publisher
- SAGE Publications
- Published
- 2018-02-16
- Volume
- 9
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 275-284
- ISSN
- 1948-5506 (ISSN-L)
- 1948-5514
- OpenAlex
- W2789793123
- Cited by
- 142
- References
- 53
- Citations by year
- 2026: 4 · 2025: 4 · 2024: 8 · 2023: 10 · 2022: 11 · 2021: 21 · 2020: 51 · 2019: 28 · 2018: 5
- FWCI
- 59.72
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Social Psychological and Personality Science (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- Russell Sage Foundation (#87-14-04)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Sociology and Political Science › Social and Intergroup Psychology
- Social Sciences › Political Science and International Relations › Electoral Systems and Political Participation
- Social Sciences › Political Science and International Relations › Populism, Right-Wing Movements
- Keywords
- Donald Trump, 2016 US presidential election, Trump support, racial threat, racial identification, neighborhood diversity, intergroup contact, local economic conditions, White Americans, ethnic minorities, voting intention, contextual factors
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