Exploring the Usage of ChatGPT Among Medical Students in the United States
Open accessAbstract
OBJECTIVES: Chat Generative Pretrained Transformer (ChatGPT) is a large language model developed by OpenAI that has gained widespread interest. It has been cited for its potential impact on health care and its beneficial role in medical education. However, there is limited investigation into its use among medical students. In this study, we evaluated the frequency of ChatGPT use, motivations for use, and preference for ChatGPT over existing resources among medical students in the United States. METHODS: Data was collected from an original survey consisting of 14 questions assessing the frequency and usage of ChatGPT in various contexts within medical education. The survey was distributed via email lists, group messaging applications, and classroom lectures to medical students across the United States. Responses were collected between August and October 2023. RESULTS: One hundred thirty-one participants completed the survey and were included in the analysis. Of the total, 48.9% respondents responded that they have used ChatGPT in medical studies. Among ChatGPT users, 43.7% of respondents report using ChatGPT weekly, several times per week, or daily. ChatGPT is most used for writing, revising, editing, and summarizing purposes. 37.5% and 41.3% of respondents reported using ChatGPT more than 25% of the working time for these tasks respectively. Among respondents who have not used ChatGPT, more than 50% of respondents reported they were extremely unlikely or unlikely to use ChatGPT across all surveyed scenarios. ChatGPT users report they are more likely to use ChatGPT over directly asking professors or attendings (45.3%), textbooks (42.2%), and lectures (31.7%), and least likely to be used over popular flashcard application Anki (11.1%) and medical education videos (9.5%). CONCLUSIONS: ChatGPT is an increasingly popular resource among medical students, with many preferring ChatGPT over other traditional resources such as professors, textbooks, and lectures. Its impact on medical education will only continue to grow as its capabilities improve.
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A survey of U.S. medical students found that nearly half used ChatGPT, with many preferring it over traditional resources like textbooks and lectures.
“In accordance with our findings, a survey of U.S. medical students found that nearly half used ChatGPT, with many preferring it over traditional resources like textbooks and lectures [29].”
From Health profession students' perceptions of ChatGPT in healthcare and education: insights from a mixed-methods study (2025) · cites this paper as [29]
Some learners may now turn to chatbots instead of professors, textbooks, or session materials for guidance.
“especially as some learners may now turn to chatbots instead of professors, textbooks, or session materials for guidance [15].”
From Integration of Artificial Intelligence Into a Medical Curriculum: Evolving Student Perceptions and Faculty Development Challenges (2026) · cites this paper as [15]
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- Authors
- Zhang, J. S., Yoon, C., Williams, D. K. A., & Pinkas, A.
- Affiliations
- Albert Einstein College of Medicine (US)
- Corresponding author
- Pinkas, Adi
- Venue
- Journal of Medical Education and Curricular Development
- Publisher
- SAGE Publications
- Published
- 2024-01
- Volume
- 11
- Pages
- 23821205241264695-23821205241264695
- ISSN
- 2382-1205 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC11292693
- OpenAlex
- W4400972188
- Cited by
- 75
- References
- 22
- Citations by year
- 2026: 34 · 2025: 34 · 2024: 7
- FWCI
- 7.01
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Journal of Medical Education and Curricular Development (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Health Informatics › Artificial Intelligence in Healthcare and Education
- Physical Sciences › Computer Science › Information Systems › Artificial Intelligence in Education
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Innovations in Medical Education
- Keywords
- ChatGPT, large language models, medical students, student motivation, academic writing support
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