Growth differentiation factor-15 is a predictor of important disease outcomes in patients with COPD
Open accessAbstract
Increased levels of growth differentiation factor-15 (GDF15) are associated with cachexia, cardiovascular disease and all-cause mortality. The role of GDF15 in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is unknown. The study included 413 patients with COPD from the Bergen COPD Cohort Study. All patients had a forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV 1 ) <80% predicted, a FEV 1 to forced vital capacity (FVC) ratio <0.7 and a history of smoking. Spirometry, fat free mass index, blood gases and plasma GDF15 were measured at baseline. Patients were followed for 3 years regarding exacerbations and changes in lung function, and 9 years for mortality. Yearly exacerbation rate, survival and yearly change in FEV 1 /FVC were evaluated with regression models. Median plasma GDF15 was 0.86 ng·mL −1 (interquartile range 0.64–1.12 ng·mL −1 ). The distribution was not normal and GDF15 was analysed as a categorical variable. High levels of GDF15 were associated with a higher exacerbation rate (incidence rate ratio 1.39, 95% CI 1.1–1.74, p=0.006, adjusted values). Furthermore, high levels of GDF15 were associated with higher mortality (hazard ratio 2.07, 95% CI 1.4–3.1, p<0.001) and an increased decline in both FEV 1 (4.29% versus 3.25%) and FVC (2.63% versus 1.44%) in comparison to low levels (p<0.01 for both). In patients with COPD, high levels of GDF15 were independently associated with a higher yearly rate of exacerbations, higher mortality and increased decline in both FEV 1 and FVC.
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Elevated circulating GDF-15 levels are associated with more severe disease or higher mortality in people with DM2, insulin resistance, hemodialysis, cachexia, cardiovascular diseases, COPD, VTE, cancer, or obesity.
“Elevated circulating GDF-15 levels have been associated with more severe disease or higher mortality in people with DM2, insulin resistance, hemodialysis, cachexia, cardiovascular diseases, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), venous thromboembolism (VTE), cancer, or obesity (28–34).”
From GDF-15 as a Weight Watcher for Diabetic and Non-Diabetic People Treated With Metformin (2020) · cites this paper as [34]
High GDF15 levels are independently associated with a higher rate of COPD exacerbations and impaired respiratory function.
“Husebø et al. reported that high levels of GDF15 were independently associated with a higher rate of COPD exacerbations, and impaired respiratory function (34).”
From GDF-15 as a Weight Watcher for Diabetic and Non-Diabetic People Treated With Metformin (2020) · cites this paper as [34]
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- Authors
- Husebø, G. R., Grønseth, R., Lerner, L., Gyuris, J., Hardie, J. A., Bakke, P. S., & Eagan, T. M.
- Affiliations
- Haukeland University Hospital (NO)
- AVEO Oncology (United States) (US)
- University of Bergen (NO)
- Venue
- European Respiratory Journal
- Publisher
- European Respiratory Society (ERS)
- Published
- 2017-03
- Volume
- 49
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 1601298
- ISSN
- 0903-1936 (ISSN-L)
- 1399-3003
- OpenAlex
- W2597997532
- Cited by
- 58
- References
- 40
- Citations by year
- 2026: 7 · 2025: 6 · 2024: 8 · 2023: 8 · 2022: 10 · 2021: 4 · 2020: 7 · 2019: 4 · 2018: 3 · 2017: 1
- FWCI
- 3.39
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- European Respiratory Journal (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine › Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) Research
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Rheumatology › GDF15 and Related Biomarkers
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine › Cystic Fibrosis Research Advances
- Keywords
- growth differentiation factor 15, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, COPD exacerbations, mortality, lung function decline, FEV1/FVC ratio, biomarkers, cachexia, cardiovascular disease, all-cause mortality
- MeSH terms
- Aged, Cross-Sectional Studies, Female, Forced Expiratory Volume, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Risk Factors, Severity of Illness Index, Smoking, Spirometry, Vital Capacity, Cohort Studies, Logistic Models, Proportional Hazards Models, Disease Progression, Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive, Growth Differentiation Factor 15
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