Transcriptomic clues to understand the growth of Lactobacillus rhamnosus in cheese
Open accessAbstract
BACKGROUND: Lactobacillus rhamnosus is a non-starter lactic acid bacterium that plays a significant role during cheese ripening, leading to the formation of flavor. In long-ripened cheeses it persists throughout the whole time of ripening due to its capacity to adapt to changing environmental conditions. The versatile adaptability of L. rhamnosus to different ecosystems has been associated with the capacity to use non-conventional energy sources, regulating different metabolic pathways. However, the molecular mechanisms allowing the growth of L. rhamnosus in the cheese dairy environment are still poorly understood. The aim of the present study was to identify genes potentially contributing to the growth ability of L. rhamnosus PR1019 in cheese-like medium (CB) using a transcriptomic approach, based on cDNA-amplified fragment length polymorphism (cDNA-AFLP) and quantitative real-time reverse transcription-PCR (qPCR). RESULTS: Using three primer combinations, a total of 89 and 98 transcript-derived fragments were obtained for L. rhamnosus PR1019 grown in commercial MRS medium and CB, respectively. The cDNA-AFLP results were validated on selected regulated genes by qPCR. In order to investigate the main adaptations to growth in a cheese-mimicking system, we focused on 20 transcripts over-expressed in CB with respect to MRS. It is worth noting the presence of transcripts involved in the degradation of pyruvate and ribose. Pyruvate is a intracellular metabolite that can be produced through different metabolic routes starting from the carbon sources present in cheese, and can be released in the cheese matrix with the starter lysis. Similarly the ribonucleosides released with starter lysis could deliver ribose that represents a fermentable carbohydrate in environments, such as cheese, where free carbohydrates are lacking.Both pyruvate degradation and ribose catabolism induce a metabolite flux toward acetate, coupled with ATP production via acetate kinase. Taking into account these considerations, we suggest that the energy produced through these pathways may concur to explain the great ability of L. rhamnosus PR1019 to grow on CB. CONCLUSIONS: By a transcriptomic approach we identified a set of genes involved in alternative metabolic pathways in L. rhamnosus that could be responsible for L. rhamnosus growth in cheese during ripening.
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After the brining step (1-month-old samples and later), a compositional change occurs in cheese microbiota that shows a decrease in the relative abundance of SLAB species, while NSLAB population, initially present at low abundances, find suitable conditions for development.
“After the brining step (1-month-old samples and later), a compositional change occurs in cheese microbiota that shows a decrease in the relative abundance of the SLAB species, while NSLAB population, initially present at low abundances, find suitable conditions for development (Lazzi et al., 2014; Bottari et al., 2018).”
From The Interrelationship Between Microbiota and Peptides During Ripening as a Driver for Parmigiano Reggiano Cheese Quality (2020) · cites this paper as Lazzi et al., 2014
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- Authors
- Lazzi, C., Turroni, S., Mancini, A., Sgarbi, E., Neviani, E., Brigidi, P., & Gatti, M.
- Affiliations
- University of Parma (IT)
- University of Bologna (IT)
- Fondazione Edmund Mach (IT)
- Corresponding author
- Lazzi, Camilla
- Venue
- BMC Microbiology
- Published
- 2014
- Volume
- 14
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 28
- ISSN
- 1471-2180 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC3928093
- OpenAlex
- W2143046440
- Cited by
- 35
- References
- 43
- Citations by year
- 2025: 3 · 2024: 3 · 2023: 5 · 2022: 1 · 2021: 2 · 2020: 3 · 2019: 5 · 2018: 6 · 2017: 4 · 2016: 3
- FWCI
- 3.34
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Licence
- cc-by
- Locations
- BMC Microbiology (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- IRIS UNIMORE (University of Modena and Reggio Emilia) (submittedVersion, cc-by)
- Archivio istituzionale della ricerca (Alma Mater Studiorum Università di Bologna) (submittedVersion, cc-by)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Food Science › Probiotics and Fermented Foods
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Genetics › Bacterial Genetics and Biotechnology
- Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Food Science › Fermentation and Sensory Analysis
- Keywords
- Lactobacillus rhamnosus, cheese ripening, non-starter lactic acid bacteria, transcriptome, acetate kinase, alternative metabolic pathways, cheese flavor
- MeSH terms
- Cheese, Molecular Sequence Data, Sequence Analysis, DNA, Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus, Transcriptome, Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction
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