KEGG: Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes
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Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) is a knowledge base for systematic analysis of gene functions in terms of the networks of genes and molecules. The major component of KEGG is the PATHWAY database that consists of graphical diagrams of biochemical pathways including most of the known metabolic pathways and some of the known regulatory pathways. The pathway information is also represented by the ortholog group tables summarizing orthologous and paralogous gene groups among different organisms. KEGG maintains the GENES database for the gene catalogs of all organisms with complete genomes and selected organisms with partial genomes, which are continuously re-annotated, as well as the LIGAND database for chemical compounds and enzymes. Each gene catalog is associated with the graphical genome map for chromosomal locations that is represented by Java applet. In addition to the data collection efforts, KEGG develops and provides various computational tools, such as for reconstructing biochemical pathways from the complete genome sequence and for predicting gene regulatory networks from the gene expression profiles. The KEGG databases are daily updated and made freely available (http://www.genome.ad.jp/kegg/).
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Pathway databases such as GO, KEGG, Ingenuity Pathway Analyses and MetaCore are valuable for evaluating specific genes and pathways.
“Although reliant on data from non-neuronal tissue, pathway databases such as the Gene Ontology (GO50), the Kyoto Encyclopaedia of Genes and Genome Elements (KEGG51), Ingenuity Pathway Analyses and MetaCore are valuable for evaluating specific genes and pathways.”
From Systems biology and gene networks in neurodevelopmental and neurodegenerative disorders (2015) · cites this paper as [51]
NETBAG is susceptible to biases because its edges come predominantly from literature-curated PPI databases, GO, and KEGG.
“Edges in NETBAG are predominantly derived from multiple PPI databases, GO50 and KEGG51, which are all literature-curated databases, and thus NETBAG is susceptible to the biases discussed above.”
From Systems biology and gene networks in neurodevelopmental and neurodegenerative disorders (2015) · cites this paper as [51]
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- Authors
- Ogata, H., Goto, S., Sato, K., Fujibuchi, W., Bono, H., & Kanehisa, M.
- Affiliations
- Kyoto University (JP)
- Corresponding author
- Kanehisa, M.
- Venue
- Nucleic Acids Research
- Publisher
- Oxford University Press (OUP)
- Published
- 1999-01-01
- Volume
- 27
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 29-34
- ISSN
- 0305-1048 (ISSN-L)
- 1362-4962
- PMC
- PMC148090
- OpenAlex
- W2159482845
- Cited by
- 31,232
- References
- 0
- Citations by year
- 2026: 312 · 2025: 1954 · 2024: 2826 · 2023: 2966 · 2022: 3013 · 2021: 3249 · 2020: 2707 · 2019: 2073 · 2018: 1661 · 2017: 1514 · 2016: 1435 · 2015: 1366 · 2014: 1063 · 2013: 952 · 2012: 830
- FWCI
- 24.92
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- Nucleic Acids Research (publishedVersion)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- Institute for Chemical Research, Kyoto University
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Bioinformatics and Genomic Networks
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Genomics and Phylogenetic Studies
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Microbial Metabolic Engineering and Bioproduction
- Keywords
- KEGG, pathway databases, metabolic pathways, regulatory pathways, orthogroups, gene catalog, genome annotation, genome map, pathway reconstruction, gene function
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Genes, Japan, Ligands, Metabolism, Gene Expression, Databases, Factual, Genome, Sequence Homology, Computational Biology
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
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