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A meta-analysis of risk factors for depression in adults and children after natural disasters
Open accessAbstract
BACKGROUND: A number of studies have shown a range of negative psychological symptoms (e.g. depression) after exposure to natural disasters. The aim of this study was to determine risk factors for depression in both children and adults who have survived natural disasters. METHODS: Four electronic databases (PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and PsychInfo) were used to search for observational studies (case-control, cross-sectional, and cohort studies) about depression following natural disasters. The literature search, study selection, and data extraction were conducted independently by two authors. Thirty-one articles were included in the study, of which twenty included adult participants and eleven included child participants. Summary estimates were obtained using random-effects models. Subgroup analysis, sensitivity analysis, and publication bias tests were performed on the data. RESULTS: The prevalence of depression after natural disasters ranged from 5.8% to 54.0% in adults and from 7.5% to 44.8% in children. We found a number of risk factors for depression after exposure to natural disasters. For adults, the significant predictors were being female ;not married;holding religious beliefs; having poor education; prior trauma; experiencing fear, injury, or bereavement during the disaster; or losing employment or property, suffering house damage as a result of the disaster. For children, the significant predictors were prior trauma; being trapped during the disaster; experiencing injury, fear, or bereavement during the disaster; witnessing injury/death during the disaster; or having poor social support. CONCLUSIONS: The current analysis provides evidence of risk factors for depression in survivors of natural disasters. Further research is necessary to design interventions to improve the mental health of survivors of natural disasters.
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“Depressive episodes are frequently triggered by stressful events, and stress can worsen the clinical course of depression [13,14].”
From Biological Embedding of Early-Life Adversity and a Scoping Review of the Evidence for Intergenerational Epigenetic Transmission of Stress and Trauma in Humans (2023) · cites this paper as [13]
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Metadata
- Authors
- Tang, B., Liu, X., Liu, Y., Xue, C., & Zhang, L.
- Affiliations
- Second Military Medical University (CN)
- Corresponding author
- Zhang, Lulu
- Venue
- BMC Public Health
- Published
- 2014-06-19
- Volume
- 14
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 623-623
- ISSN
- 1471-2458 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC4077641
- OpenAlex
- W2002469321
- Cited by
- 333
- References
- 57
- Citations by year
- 2026: 22 · 2025: 38 · 2024: 40 · 2023: 25 · 2022: 40 · 2021: 37 · 2020: 37 · 2019: 28 · 2018: 20 · 2017: 22 · 2016: 15 · 2015: 9
- FWCI
- 2.32
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- BMC Public Health (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- National Natural Science Foundation of China (91224005, 71303249, 71103194)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Research
- Social Sciences › Sociology and Political Science › Disaster Management and Resilience
- Health Sciences › Health Professions › Emergency Medical Services › Disaster Response and Management
- Keywords
- depression, natural disasters, disaster survivors, risk factors, children, adults, psychological trauma, bereavement, social support, gender differences, marital status, religious beliefs, educational attainment, disaster mental health
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Bereavement, Child, Cross-Sectional Studies, Depressive Disorder, Disasters, Female, Humans, Male, Risk Factors, Prevalence, Survivors, Observational Studies as Topic
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