Cited by 222Obesity, Physical Activity, DietUrban Transport and AccessibilityNutrition, Health and Food Behavior

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Relation between local food environments and obesity among adults

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Spence, John C, Cutumisu, Nicoleta, Edwards, Joy, Raine, Kim D, Smoyer-Tomic, Karen·2009·BMC Public Health

DOI 10.1186/1471-2458-9-192PMC PMC2708156

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Abstract

BACKGROUND: Outside of the United States, evidence for associations between exposure to fast-food establishments and risk for obesity among adults is limited and equivocal. The purposes of this study were to investigate whether the relative availability of different types of food retailers around people's homes was associated with obesity among adults in Edmonton, Canada, and if this association varied as a function of distance between food locations and people's homes. METHODS: Data from a population health survey of 2900 adults (18 years or older) conducted in 2002 was linked with geographic measures of access to food retailers. Based upon a ratio of the number of fast-food restaurants and convenience stores to supermarkets and specialty food stores, a Retail Food Environment Index (RFEI) was calculated for 800 m and 1600 m buffers around people's homes. In a series of logistic regressions, associations between the RFEI and the level of obesity among adults were examined. RESULTS: The median RFEI for adults in Edmonton was 4.00 within an 800 m buffer around their residence and 6.46 within a 1600 m buffer around their residence. Approximately 14% of the respondents were classified as being obese. The odds of a resident being obese were significantly lower (OR = 0.75, 95%CI 0.59 - 0.95) if they lived in an area with the lowest RFEI (below 3.0) in comparison to the highest RFEI (5.0 and above). These associations existed regardless of the covariates included in the model. No significant associations were observed between RFEI within a 1600 m buffer of the home and obesity. CONCLUSION: The lower the ratio of fast-food restaurants and convenience stores to grocery stores and produce vendors near people's homes, the lower the odds of being obese. Thus the proximity of the obesogenic environment to individuals appears to be an important factor in their risk for obesity.

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Authors: Spence, J. C., Cutumisu, N., Edwards, J., Raine, K. D., & Smoyer-Tomic, K.
Affiliations: University of Alberta (CA)
Capital District Health Authority (CA)
Corresponding author: Spence, John C
ORCID: Spence, John C
Raine, Kim D
Venue: BMC Public Health
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Published: 2009-06-18
Volume: 9
Issue: 1
Pages: 192-192
ISSN: 1471-2458 (ISSN-L)
DOI: 10.1186/1471-2458-9-192
PMC: PMC2708156
OpenAlex: W1973992276
Cited by: 222
References: 46
Citations by year: 2026: 4 · 2025: 5 · 2024: 7 · 2023: 4 · 2022: 12 · 2021: 8 · 2020: 18 · 2019: 15 · 2018: 9 · 2017: 17 · 2016: 13 · 2015: 19 · 2014: 18 · 2013: 17 · 2012: 25
FWCI: 18.82
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: gold
doi.org
Licence: cc-by
creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0 (tdm)
Locations: BMC Public Health (publishedVersion, cc-by)
PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion)
Funders: Canadian Institutes of Health Research
Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council of Canada
Topics: Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Obesity, Physical Activity, Diet
Social Sciences › Transportation › Urban Transport and Accessibility
Health Sciences › Nursing › Nutrition and Dietetics › Nutrition, Health and Food Behavior
Keywords: obesity, food environment, fast food restaurants, convenience stores, supermarkets, obesogenic environment, adult obesity risk, Edmonton
MeSH terms: Adult, Alberta, Commerce, Diet Surveys, Feeding Behavior, Female, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Obesity, Residence Characteristics, Restaurants, Socioeconomic Factors, Prevalence, Food Industry

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Relation between local food environments and obesity among adults

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