The DOI matches its Crossref record; 108 of the 108 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Biochemical and immunological mechanisms by which sickle cell trait protects against malaria
Open accessAbstract
Sickle cell trait (HbAS) is the best-characterized genetic polymorphism known to protect against falciparum malaria. Although the protective effect of HbAS against malaria is well known, the mechanism(s) of protection remain unclear. A number of biochemical and immune-mediated mechanisms have been proposed, and it is likely that multiple complex mechanisms are responsible for the observed protection. Increased evidence for an immune component of protection as well as novel mechanisms, such as enhanced tolerance to disease mediated by HO-1 and reduced parasitic growth due to translocation of host micro-RNA into the parasite, have recently been described. A better understanding of relevant mechanisms will provide valuable insight into the host-parasite relationship, including the role of the host immune system in protection against malaria.
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“As a consequence, the balance between damaging prooxidative molecules such as free heme or iron and antioxidative factors such as carbon monoxide (CO) and bilirubin is shifted towards cytoprotection (Cholera et al., 2008;Ferreira et al., 2011;Gong et al., 2013;Jeney et al., 2014).”
From Iron in infection and immunity (2020) · cites this paper as Gong et al., 2013
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Cites
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Common West African HLA antigens are associated with protection from severe malaria
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Protection Afforded by Sickle-cell Trait Against Subtertian Malarial Infection
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Pathogenesis and Treatment of Sickle Cell Disease
Bunn, H. F. (1997) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejm199709113371107 · Cited by 1,154 · cited 1×
“Heterozygotes for sickle haemoglobin (HbAS) have sickle cell trait and are generally asymptomatic [10].”
BackgroundImmunity to malaria: more questions than answers
Langhorne, J., Ndungu, F. M., Sponaas, A., & Marsh, K. (2008) · Nature Immunology · doi:10.1038/ni.f.205 · Cited by 908
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Protective effects of the sickle cell gene against malaria morbidity and mortality
Aidoo, M., Terlouw, D. J., KOLCZAK, M. S., McElroy, P. D., ter Kuile, F. O., Kariuki, S., Nahlen, B. L., Lal, A. A., & Udhayakumar, V. (2002) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(02)08273-9 · Cited by 701
Global distribution of the sickle cell gene and geographical confirmation of the malaria hypothesis
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“The high prevalence of HbS in sub-Saharan Africa and some other tropical areas is almost certainly due to the protection against malaria afforded to heterozygotes [1-3,5].”
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New mechanisms involved in the modulation of sickle red blood cells rheology and senescence
Esperti, S. (2023) · theses.fr (ABES) · doi:10.70675/57fbff51z05a3z4c75zbaedz4914780911db
Sebastião, C. S., Ekundi-Valentim, E., Cassinela, E., & Sacomboio, E. N. M. (2026) · Health Science Reports · doi:10.1002/hsr2.73288
Boukili, Y. D.-E., Kühne, V., Natama, H. M., Moris, P., Tintó-Font, E., Bere, A. W., Goovaerts, O., Guetens, P., Moreno-Murillo, A., Valgaerts, Y., et al. (2026) · PLoS Pathogens · doi:10.1371/journal.ppat.1014542
The evolutionary and philosophical fundamentals of diseases
Yang, M. (2026) · Medical Hypotheses · doi:10.1016/j.mehy.2026.112197
Metadata
- Authors
- Gong, L., Parikh, S., Rosenthal, P. J., & Greenhouse, B.
- Affiliations
- University of California, San Francisco (US)
- Yale University (US)
- Corresponding author
- Greenhouse, Bryan
- Venue
- Malaria Journal
- Published
- 2013-09-11
- Volume
- 12
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 317-317
- ISSN
- 1475-2875 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC3847285
- OpenAlex
- W2156643348
- Cited by
- 105
- References
- 108
- Citations by year
- 2026: 6 · 2025: 9 · 2024: 4 · 2023: 10 · 2022: 9 · 2021: 8 · 2020: 7 · 2019: 9 · 2018: 12 · 2017: 7 · 2016: 6 · 2015: 12 · 2014: 6
- FWCI
- 1.14
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Licence
- cc-by
- Locations
- Malaria Journal (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- eScholarship (California Digital Library) (submittedVersion)
- eScholarship (California Digital Library) (submittedVersion, cc-by)
- Funders
- Doris Duke Charitable Foundation (2011043)
- National Institutes of Health
- U.S. Public Health Service (U19 A1089674)
- National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (K23AI076614, U19AI089674)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Malaria Research and Control
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Genetics (clinical) › Hemoglobinopathies and Related Disorders
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Hematology › Blood groups and transfusion
- Keywords
- sickle cell trait, falciparum malaria, malaria prevention, host-parasite interactions, host immune response, heme oxygenase-1, host genetic polymorphisms
- MeSH terms
- Humans, Sickle Cell Trait, Malaria, Falciparum, Host-Pathogen Interactions
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